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Results for “Muscle Relaxation”

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At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Muscle relaxation rate, fibre-type composition and energy turnover in hyper- and hypo-thyroid patients.

1. Quadriceps strength, relaxation rate, fibre-type composition and energy-turnover rate during a submaximal contraction have been measured in hypo- and hyper-thyroid patients and compared with findings in normal subjects. 2. Six out of eight hypothyroid patients had normal strength whereas four out of five hyperthyroid patients were weak. 3. Relaxation rate was decreased in all the hypothyroid patients but increased in only three out of five hyperthyroid patients. 4. In hypothyroidism there was a marked reduction in the percentage contributed by type II fibres to muscle cross-section, partly due to type II atrophy but also due to a decrease in the relative frequency of type II fibres. In hyperthyroidism both fibre types tended to atrophy. 5. The rate of ATP turnover during submaximal contraction held to fatigue was reduced in hypothyroidism. This was probably due to decreased ATP utilization rather than an impaired supply of energy-supplying substrates. In hyperthyroidism the rate of ATP turnover was increased. 6. Altered relaxation rate and ATP-turnover rate may be explained on the basis of changes in myosin ATPase activity with thyroid status. Changes in muscle-fibre-type composition, as determined histochemically, could not per se account for the functional abnormalities.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1955

Muscle relaxants; their use and abuse in anesthesia.

Probably the most widely used anesthetic today is the intravenous-inhalant-relaxant combination. The relaxant drugs are the key to this combination. Lack of knowledge of the pharmacology of these drugs, their effect on circulation and respiration and of the physiology of respiration can seriously abuse and impair the evident value of this method. It should not be used routinely to the exclusion of equally valuable techniques that might serve better in some circumstances.

Administration, Intravenous↗
PubMed1999

Alterations in the nitric oxide synthase binding sites and non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mediated smooth muscle relaxation in the diabetic rabbit bladder outlet: possible relevance to the pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the density and distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the smooth muscle responses to non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) nerve stimulation and exogenous nitric oxide (NO) in the rabbit lower urinary tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transverse sections of detrusor, bladder neck and urethra, from control and six months alloxan-induced DM New Zealand White rabbits were incubated with a radioligand for NOS ([3H]-L-N(G)-nitroarginine). Densitometric analysis was performed on the autoradiographs. NADPH diaphorase histochemistry was also used as a marker for NOS activity. Responses to NANC nerve stimulation (5 to 20 Hz) and to NO (10(-6) to 3x10(-4) M.) on smooth muscle strips from detrusor, bladder neck and urethra were measured in organ baths. RESULTS: NOS binding sites were significantly (p<0.03) more dense in the bladder neck than in the detrusor in both DM and control groups. In DM bladder neck, NOS binding sites were significantly (p<0.04) increased compared with the controls. NADPH diaphorase activity appeared markedly increased in the detrusor, bladder neck and urethra of DM animals compared with controls. The mean IC50 for exogenous NO in control versus DM were not statistically different in the bladder neck (1.03x10(-4) M versus 9.8x10(-5) M) and urethra (8.1x10(-5) M versus 8.8x10(-5) M), but the relaxations to 5x10(-6) M of NO were significantly impaired (p<0.04) in the DM urethral smooth muscle. NANC nerve-mediated relaxations were significantly impaired (p<0.001) in the DM urethral smooth muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations of both the NOS binding sites and functional responses to NANC nerve stimulation suggest that NO may have a pathophysiological role in the urinary bladder dysfunction associated with DM.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The impact of abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation on salivary cortisol and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA).

This study examined the acute effects of relaxation training on salivary cortisol and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA). Members of age- and gender-matched undergraduate student pairs were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. Forty-one experimental subjects were led through Abbreviated Progressive Relaxation Training (APRT) during a 1-h laboratory session; 14 control subjects merely sat quietly in the laboratory for an equal amount of time. All subjects provided pre- and post-intervention saliva samples and self-report data on state anxiety, perceived stress, and relaxation levels. Heart rate was also monitored immediately before and after APRT or quiet sitting. Results indicated that a brief relaxation exercise led to experimental subjects having significantly lower levels of post-intervention salivary cortisol (p = .036) and significantly higher levels of post-intervention sIgA concentration (p < .001) and secretion rate (p < .001) than control subjects. The data suggest that relaxation training may play a role in immunoenhancement.

Adult↗