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At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Development and evaluation of the use of an interactive CD-ROM for students at risk of disease related to occupational hazards: the case of asthma].

Within the framework of an informational programme on the risks of asthma associated with certain occupations (hairdresser, carpenter or baker), an interactive CD-ROM was developed for senior students of these professions. Among the schools who benefited from this information, the programme chose three to evaluate. A total of 113 students between the ages of 17 and 20 filled out a questionnaire and participated in a group discussion after the session. All of the students were able even though only 48% regularly use a computer. More than 95% of the participants were satisfied with the content, the academic approach proposed and the interactive support, which is flexible and contains a self-test. The students found the CD-ROM to be a more efficient means of retaining information than classic lectures. As for the evaluation of the knowledge acquired on asthma and the workplace, half of the students said they had considerably increased their knowledge on the illness, while 47% only saw a minor increase. This statement was confirmed through the correlation of scores obtained in the pre- and post-programme exams, whose results show a statistically significant increase in knowledge. Despite the academic value the students gave to this type of learning, the advantage of this kind of pedagogical tool are also to be considered given that is easy for teachers to learn how to use the technology and teach it. Nowadays it is so simple to produce multimedia support for computers, that this method can be easily developed for a target audience and at low cost.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

A survey of information technology management at U.S. dental schools.

The purpose of this project is to assess how information technology (IT) is being implemented and managed in U.S. dental schools. Recent advances in IT have restructured many of the administrative, curricular, and clinical functions in dental schools. Purchasing hardware and software and hiring personnel to maintain IT present significant financial and administrative commitments for these schools. A nine-question survey was sent to all U.S. dental schools via email with a follow-up postal mailing. Forty-six surveys were returned (83.6 percent response rate). The analysis indicates that dental schools are managing IT in vastly different ways. For example, 71 percent of the schools report a centralized structure, and 61 percent have a line item in the budget to manage IT. On average there are 4.4 full-time equivalents hired to manage IT, with the majority of these people being trained in IT (eight schools reported dually trained IT/dental personnel). The majority of schools report using software to manage their admissions process (70 percent), curriculum analysis (72 percent), and delivery of curriculum content (72 percent), as well as to manage their student clinics (91 percent, business aspect; 87 percent, patients; 65 percent, grading on clinic floor; 76 percent, managing clinical evaluations) and faculty practices (85 percent, business aspect; 65 percent, patients). The use of multimedia (50 percent) and simulation (52 percent) in the preclinical area is mixed. The purchase of laptops (24 percent) and PCs (11 percent) is required in almost a third of all schools participating in this survey. Dental schools in the United States are managing IT in a variety of different ways, using various internally and commercially available tools. The cost to institutions can be large and is usually handled in centralized structures in the school with fixed budgets. The results of this survey can be used to assist schools in the planning and implementation of IT at their institutions.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2003

[Expression of IL-2 and TNF-alpha in the liver and the effect of injection of these cytokines on liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of IL-2 and TNF-alpha in the liver at different period postinfection of Schistosoma japonicum and their effect on liver fibrosis after supplementary injection of these cytokines. METHODS: Mice were infected with schistosome cercariae and divided into 3 groups. Two groups were injected (i.p.) every other day with IL-2 and TNF-alpha respectively for consecutive 4 wk. The third group and an uninfected group of normal mice were regarded as control. The ABC immunohistochemistry and pathologic image multimedia quantification system were applied to detect activity of IL-2 and TNF-alpha. RESULTS: The level of IL-2 and TNF-alpha in the liver in infected but untreated group slowly decreased (from 8, 11, 14 to 18 wk). The supplementary injection of the cytokines at 6 wk postinfection in the two groups increased the cytokines significantly, the level of IL-2 or TNF-alpha was higher at 1-8 wk after the last injection than that of both infected and uninfected control groups (P < 0.01). The granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis in the livers of the two groups were slighter than that of the control. CONCLUSION: At the 6th wk postinfection with egg deposition, exogenous supplementation with TNF-alpha or IL-2 induces enhanced expression of the two kinds of cytokines, corresponding to a diminished degree of the liver granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Issues in electronic research publishing: implications for occupational health care.

Electronic publishing (e-publishing) is a global effort to make new scientific findings freely available to the public at the earliest possible time in a centralized Internet repository. Several journals modeled after the PubMedCentral concept offer central and efficient access to biomedical literature while balancing open communication with publishing obligations. Supporters of e-publishing indicate that convenient access to the most current scientific literature in multimedia formats affords occupational and other health care providers tools to supplement practice, answer clinical questions, and network with other professionals. Non-supporters claim that e-publishing may compromise the peer review process, promote weak research and the use of non-scientifically endorsed information, and present technical difficulties to users. Accepting e-publishing requires considering all users and producers of scientific information as potential vehicles to conduct, communicate, disseminate, and retrieve scientific research. The transition will occur more smoothly if standards, including costs, for e-publishing are established and implemented.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Fusing a systematic and a case-based repository for medical decision support.

In order to take full advantage of computer-based decision support in clinical practice, it makes sense to combine systems which support the same subject, but contribute to this task in different ways. At the Technical University of Munich, a Combined Clinical Decision Support System (C-CDSS) of this kind has been designed for gastroenterologists. The main goal of the system is to help the physicians in finding information which is relevant for making the right diagnoses or applying the proper therapy to his patients. To achieve this goal, not only systematic knowledge of the medical domain, but also case-based data is useful for a comparison of the actual case with well-documented similar cases of colleagues. The systematic knowledge comprises state-of-the-art textual information and selected multimedia contents in the sense of a standard textbook. The case-based information includes practice-related information on a pool of anonymized cases from clinical routine and also demonstrations of new techniques. By integrating these information resources into one service via a rule-based retrieval system, a powerful decision support system can be generated.

Databases, Bibliographic↗
PubMed2003

Indexing method of digital audiovisual medical resources with semantic Web integration.

Digitalization of audio-visual resources combined with the performances of the networks offer many possibilities which are the subject of intensive work in the scientific and industrial sectors. Indexing such resources is a major challenge. Recently, the Motion Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) has been developing MPEG-7, a standard for describing multimedia content. The good of this standard is to develop a rich set of standardized tools to enable fast efficient retrieval from digital archives or filtering audiovisual broadcasts on the internet. How this kind of technologies could be used in the medical context? In this paper, we propose a simpler indexing system, based on Dublin Core standard and complaint to MPEG-7. We use MeSH and UMLS to introduce conceptual navigation. We also present a video-platform with enables to encode and give access to audio-visual resources in streaming mode.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

WASP--a generic web-based, interactive, patient simulation system.

Computer based patient case simulation systems have during the recent years been introduced in medical education to allow students to "meet" more cases that are educationally optimized and adapted to the actual learning situation. However, three major problems exist with most computer based case simulation systems today: They are expensive to develop, experienced multimedia developers are needed for the development and teachers/clinicians can not develop and adjust cases to fit their own specific educational needs. The WASP project (Web-Activated Simulation of Patients) tries to solve these three problems, and still allow very realistic and highly-interactive simulations of clinical cases, delivered and edited via the Web. WASP is based on experience from a number of national and international visualization and simulation projects. Most important case simulation features are available, including: interactive history taking, complete physical examination (inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion, vitals, neurological exams etc.), complete lab section including chemical labs, X-ray, MRI, ultrasound, CT, phys lab, pharmacology lab, pathology lab etc.), diagnosis and differentials, therapy, interactive session feedback and integrated references and online database sources.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed2003

Website to promote early detection of breast cancer: "www.thinkhealth.com".

We developed and studied a Website to promote breast cancer screening and allow women to access personalized risk and screening information. The site also provides a database of risk and screening information with multimedia enhancement, and direct interaction with experts and online communities. The site was studied to measure its effectiveness in motivating screening intentions and behaviors among a group of women subjects.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2003

Implementing a MIRC interface for a database driven teaching file.

This poster describes the feasibility of integrating an existing database driven teaching file with the Radiological Society of North America's (RSNA) Medical Imaging Resource Center (MIRC). MIRC is the product of an RSNA sponsored initiative to enable medical institutions to share their electronic medical content (images, text, and multimedia) by creating a distributed repository accessible from the Internet. A description of MIRC's query/storage service architecture is provided along with an overview of the author's experience with implementing a storage service front end for an existing, database driven teaching file system.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2003

Development and successful pilot of a web-based scaleable, distributed curriculum development and management system for medical education.

In response to a need for a comprehensive online curriculum development and management system for medical education at the University of Pittsburgh the author, the Lab for Educational Technology (the Lab), students and faculty developed the Pitt Med Navigator website (Navigator). This completely web-based, distributed, personalized application is used by students and faculty to: 1) create, manage, and rapidly access online course resources; 2) author teaching cases, interactive multimedia presentations, and quizzes; and 3) manage a personal education portal. Four pilot courses and objective evaluations have revealed high student and faculty utilization and a high degree of perceived educational value.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1992

Visualization of multimodal image information in medicine.

Radiological and clinical practice can be enhanced by improved access to multimodal image informations. Analysis, visualization, method characteristic image processing and image synthesis is needed not only for the interpretation of the images but also for performing effective consultations with clinical colleagues and computer supported therapy planning and control strategies. The distributed system RADVIS (radiological visualization) is presented which enables the fast display, three dimensional visualization and the modality oriented analysis of multimodal image informations. Based on a unique image format, modality specific evaluation procedures and two- or three dimensional processing tools of image analysis produce the input data for therapy planning programs. The easy use of this multimedia visualisation tool enables radiologists and clinicians to deal with their image data. The description of methods and procedures of the prototype, as well as typical examples of radiologic practice will demonstrate the efficiency of the presented system.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

A multipurpose teaching workstation using expert systems, CD ROM and interactive laserdisc.

This demonstration shows a multipurpose workstation used in a clinical teaching application which combines currently available software suitable for clinical diagnosis and teaching. The medical software includes QMR, Scientific American Medicine, the Slice of Life and generic video laserdisc authoring software developed at the University of Ottawa. The system allows a clinical instructor either in an individual or in a small group teaching setting on a ward or in a classroom, to access high quality differential diagnosis information via QMR, which is then supplemented by the text components of Scientific American Medicine on CD ROM, with video laserdisc of the appropriate anatomy, imagery and pathology provided by one of the various laserdiscs. The generic authoring software allows the instructor or students to construct subject related tutorial or testing modules either with or without video laserdisc support. The workstation uses DESQview as the multitasking environment to control the various resources. This program allows easy transfer from one application to another and allows for marking and pasting of text material into a study document. DESQview can also be used to script a specific learning sequence. The demonstration will show the interaction required to study a specific clinical problem and how this can be made into a meaningful multimedia experience with hardcopy for study purposes.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1996

The challenge of the EuroMir 95 technology experiments.

Microbiological sampling techniques, earth-radiation-environment monitoring, gas-contaminant bio-filtering tools, multimedia communications technology, passive magnetic-levitation techniques for fluid-dynamics study, robotics-technology development, gas-sensor systems and analysis tools for human kinematics in microgravity--all were a part of the truly multidisciplinary Technology Experiments package flown aboard the record-breaking EuroMir 95 mission. Final processing and evaluation of the vast amount of data gathered from the experiments will not be completed until the end of the year--work is currently in progress at nine different centres throughout Europe--and this article therefore provides but a first glimpse of the mission's many findings and their implications for long-term manned spaceflight in the context of the International Space Station.

Environmental Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a low-cost DICOM-server for teaching and research purposes].

PURPOSE: This paper describes our experience in developing a DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) server based on widely available personal computers enabling to use X-ray digital images for teaching and scientific purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The system is based on a DICOM server running on a widely used personal computer. The selected DICOM images are collected directly from the radiological equipment or from a dedicated 3D image processing workstation through a LAN connection and converted into one of the standard formats (JPEG or GIF) to allow their direct importing into multimedia presentations for teaching or scientific purposes. RESULTS: This system allows fast and easy collection of radiological images in DICOM format directly from the diagnostic equipment or from the graphical workstation. These images may be used for scientific and teaching presentations without loss of image quality and colour characteristics in 3D images as there is no off-line acquisition process. CONCLUSIONS: The extensive possibilities of implement the system described on widely used PCs makes the system extremely versatile and facilitates the preparation of teaching material and scientific publications.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed2004

[Education of patients with arterial hypertension. State of art and prospects].

Training of hypertensive patients is a widely disputable problem. It is shown that education of hypertensive patients and population at risk can effectively prevent hypertension both at population and individual levels. The authors believe that programs designed for the education of hypertensive patients and population have marked drawbacks as they lack consistency, vary in strategy (group or individual learning), methods of teaching (interactive multimedia presentation of the material, self-education according to certain recommendations, video- and audio materials), evaluation of short- and long-term effects (6 and 24 months), patients management, etc. This explains the necessity of further studies into the problem of the approaches to education of the patients and population concerning hypertension.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2004

[Specification and application of cephalometric analysis and image database].

PURPOSE: To summarize the basic requirement of cephalometric analysis and database product concluded from practice, and apply related products to improve the levels of medical treatment, teaching and scientific research. METHODS: By the use of digital X ray machine, digital camera, oral endoscope,scanner to import the image into system database, to edit, measure, make diagram, analyze and store the images, to catalog diagnosis according to the different need of patient to make convenient for retrieving by group, to design multi-page electronic case report including oral general diagram, the result of diagnosis cataloging, the result diagram of analysis, picture and text report, all of the above mentioned constitute a complete patient database system. RESULTS: About 400 medical case were accumulated, and these improved evidently the effect to present the production of medical treatment to potential patients, were convenient to the professional communication between doctors and conformation of treatment plan, provided a solid foundation to multimedia teaching, and promoted the development of the task of graduate student and the task of scientific research. CONCLUSION: Using related product with perfect functions to develop standardized cephalometric analysis and build standardized patient's database including image information, when such information is accumulated to certain extent, will become the invaluable treasure of relevant medical institution, will bring the obvious effect to improve the level of medical treatment, teaching and scientific research.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2004

Immersive Virtual Telepresence: virtual reality meets eHealth.

Immersive Virtual Telepresence (IVT) tools are virtual reality environments combined with wireless multimedia facilities--real-time video and audio--and advanced input devices--tracking sensors, biosensors, brain-computer interfaces. For its features IVT can be considered an innovative communication interface based on interactive 3D visualization, able to collect and integrate different inputs and data sets in a single real-like experience. In this paper we try to outline the current state of research and technology that is relevant to the development of IVT in medicine. Moreover, we discuss the clinical principles and possible advantages associated with the use of IVT in this field.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed2004

Adapting the human-computer interface for reading literacy and computer skill to facilitate collection of information directly from patients.

Clinical information collected directly from patients is critical to the practice of medicine. Past efforts to collect this information using computers have had limited utility because these efforts required users to be facile with the computerized information collecting system. In this paper we describe the design, development, and function of a computer system that uses recent technology to overcome the limitations of previous computer-based data collection tools by adapting the human-computer interface to the native language, reading literacy, and computer skills of the user. Specifically, our system uses a numerical representation of question content, multimedia, and touch screen technology to adapt the computer interface to the native language, reading literacy, and computer literacy of the user. In addition, the system supports health literacy needs throughout the data collection session and provides contextually relevant disease-specific education to users based on their responses to the questions. The system has been successfully used in an academically affiliated family medicine clinic and in an indigent adult medicine clinic.

Computer Literacy↗