Graphoanalytic differences by sex and handedness.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “HANDWRITING”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Treatment versus non-treatment in reduction of symbol reversals by first grade children.
A correcting program for symbol reversals by first grade children (n = 38) did not significantly reduce symbol reversals below those of a non-treated control group (n = 39). There were significant reductions in reversals within both groups. The practice of remediating reversals and the use of directionality to explain symbol reversals are both questioned. The possibility that maturation plays a role seems plausible as an explanation of the changes.
Child↗
Writing-hand differences in Kwakiutls and Caucasians.
Writing-hand differences in Kwakiutl Indians and Caucasians were compared between and within groups in a cross-cultural cross-sectional study. The Kwakiutl were less right-handed for writing at each of the three ages than the Caucasian sample. Current hypotheses on handedness do not account for the magnitude of these differences.
Adolescent↗
Relation of spelling and writing in learning disabilities.
The paper describes a study in which the relationship between the cognitive and psychomotor aspects of children's spelling and writing performances was investigated. By comparing data from various categories of children the relationship between the semantic and psychomotor functions could be examined, and differences between the skill performances of the three groups of students were predicted. A four-way 3 X 3 X 2 X 2 orthogonal design with categories of subjects, type, structure, and length of task as independent variables was used in the laboratory study, with 24 "normal", 24 dyslexic, and 24 dysgraphic nine-year-old children as subjects. Most of the 16 hypotheses were verified by data identifying some of the spelling and writing characteristics of the three groups of children and the effects of contextual parameters on their performances. Dyslexic children, for example, seemed to write more slowly than the others, and their mean score of spelling errors was the highest one, whereas the dysgraphic children had the lowest mean score in writing accuracy and rhythm.
Child↗
Mixed-handedness and achievement test scores of grade school children.
Normal Curve Equivalent Scores on subtests of the California Achievement Test for mixed-handed children, 52 boys and 58 girls from Grades 3 and 4, who are right- and left-handed writers, indicate no differences by handedness in girls, but among the mixed-handed fourth grade boys, those who wrote right-handed scored lower on Study Skills than the boys who wrote left-handed.
Achievement↗
Effects of delayed visual feedback on motor control performance.
The effects of delay of visual feedback on two kinds of sensorimotor tasks were investigated. On the reciprocal tapping task, accuracy of performance decreased for 200, 500, and 767 msec. delay. The number of errors for the 1000-msec. delay is smaller than those for the other three conditions of delay. On the hand-writing task of both Kanji letters and English words, performance showed a large decrement with increasing delay. The most frequent kinds of error were the type of insertion of line elements or letter duplication. It was interesting that the size of written letters increased with lengthening delays of visual feedback.
Attention↗
Vision, kinesthesis, and control of hand movement by young and old adults.
This study examined the accuracy with which 20 young (18 to 24 yr.) and 32 old (55 to 85 yr.) adults were able to move their hands when not allowed to guide them visually. They tried to touch a target spot given either visually or kinesthetically, under conditions in which the target either remained present during the response or was discontinued prior to the response. They also tried to touch points on the face with eyes closed and wrote their names and common words with and without visual input. While there was slight evidence of age-related decline in accuracy of moving the hand to a target location in some conditions, older adults appear to use kinesthetic cues to the target location as effectively as visual cues. The absence of age effects on touching the face or writing with the eyes closed suggests that the kinesthetic and motor control systems are relatively well preserved in healthy older adults.
Adolescent↗
Use of nonverbal tests to screen for writing dysfluency in school-age children.
Writing fluency, the ability to write rapidly and easily, is critical for the timely completion of written assignments in the classroom. Children who possess basic writing skills and have an ability to communicate ideas are often penalized for slowness in completing written tasks. The present study used frequently administered nonverbal tasks to predict performance on the Writing Fluency subtest of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement--Revised for 146 subjects from 6 to 16 years old. A stepwise-regression analysis indicated the Coding subtest of the WISC--R, Beery Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration, the Grooved Pegboard, and gender accounted for 32% of the variance. Logistic regression suggested cut-off scores falling one standard deviation below the mean on Coding and Beery's visuomotor test would signal need for further evaluation of writing dysfluency, particularly for boys.
Adolescent↗
Judging the sex and age of suicide note writers.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Time course analysis of the reverse-Stroop effect in Japanese Kanji.
A reverse of the Stroop effect was obtained with Japanese kanji (logographic script) but not with Japanese kana (syllabic scripts) by Morikawa in 1981. In the present study, the normal effect on reaction times by word and color was altered by presenting the words before or after the color. The reverse Stroop effect was observed with kanji but not with kana even when the color was presented prior to the word. It was shown that the difference between kanji and kana in the reverse-Stroop effect could not be explained by the relative speed of processing of word and color and that the reading process of kanji is different from that of kana.
Adult↗
Joseph Richman's signs for distinguishing genuine from simulated suicide notes.
Scores from two independent judges indicated that criteria derived from the clinical experience of a suicidologist were successful in differentiating genuine from simulated suicide notes.
Deception↗
A lower incidence of left-handed writing among young adults in Bulgaria than in the USA.
The incidence of left-handed writing among 590 young Bulgarian adults was 6.4%, significantly lower than that reported in two studies of students in the United States. Of those writing with the right hand, 10.8% stated that they had been forced to change their preferred hand for writing. The parents of the Bulgarian sample had a similar low incidence of left-handed writing (5.9%). Left-handed writing was almost three times more likely if one or both of the parents wrote with the left hand.
Adolescent↗
Pencil lead diameter affects response sheet completion time.
The effect of pencil lead diameter on the completion time of a multiple-choice response sheet was examined. Participants used three pencil lead diameters (.5 mm, .9 mm, and a standard No. 2 pencil) to fill in "bubbles" on response sheets in one experiment; a .7-mm pencil was substituted for the No. 2 pencil in Exp. 2. Participants using a .5-mm pencil completed response sheets more slowly than when using a .7-mm, .9-mm, or a No. 2 pencil.
Achievement↗
Handedness and writing performance.
The present study investigated possible differences in left- and right-handers' writing performance. An equal number of left- and right-handed Greek children (N = 182) ages 7 to 12 years were examined using the Greek adaptation of Luria-Nebraska's neuropsychological battery in spontaneous writing, copying, and writing to dictation. Analysis showed a significant effect of age in writing performance and writing speed, while handedness was not significantly related to writing performance or writing speed. However, the incidence of right-handers was slightly higher among proficient writers, whereas the left-handers were clearly overrepresented among poor writers. The results are discussed on the grounds of neuropathological as well as hormonal-developmental theories of handedness.
Child↗
Narcissism and embellishments of signature.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
An electromyographic study of two different types of ballpoint pens--investigation of a one hour writing operation.
Recently there has been an increasing incidence of occupational cervicobrachial disorders (OCD) and writer's cramp in office workers using ballpoint pens in writing operations. For the sake of workers who use ballpoint pens, it is essential to prevent such health hazards. It has been observed that a strong gripping pressure on the ballpoint pen significantly contributes to the development of these conditions. The present authors have been developing a new ballpoint pen by altering the grip area in such a way as to reduce the gripping pressure, and thus prevent OCD. The purpose of this study is to compare our ballpoint pen (new pen) with a conventional ballpoint pen (conventional pen) for the load that they exert on the upper limb during one hour of continuous writing. Electromyograms (EMG) and upper limb pain scores are used as indicators. The conventional pen used was selected from commercially available ballpoint pens widely used in offices. The grip area is cylindrical with an 8.3 mm diameter. It is manufactured of hard plastic, which can make it feel rigid and slippery to the user. The new pen has a cylindrical grip area that flares out at the bottom, near the pen-tip, and has a diameter ranging from 11.9-13.6 mm. In addition, the grip is constructed of a 2 to 3 mm-thick silicon rubber sleeve that is softer and less slippery in comparison with the conventional pen. Twelve students (5 males and 7 females) without any preexisting cervicobrachial disorders were asked to transcribe an English text for one hour, alternately using the two kinds of pens. The EMG of the flexor pollicis brevis was measured and recorded every second, while subjective pain scores were recorded every five minutes for the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, thenar, forearm extensor (forearm) and shoulder. The EMG of the flexor pollicis brevis and the pain scores for the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, forearm and shoulder were significantly lower for the new pen than for the conventional pen. These results suggest that after an hour of continuous writing, the new pen reduces the muscle load on the upper limb, and therefore mitigates fatigue in this area.
Adult↗
[Quality of medical order writing in general practice facilities (Sousse, Tunisia)].
BACKGROUND: A medical order is a medical and legal document; careful writing of this document enables the reduction of many therapeutic errors. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of order writing in Tunisian primary healthcare centres. METHODS: This was a transversal descriptive survey of 2586 medical orders. The quality of the writing was assessed using two parameters: its legibility and the information delivered in it. RESULTS: Among the main results, 36% of orders contained at least 50% of the items retained, 25% of orders were completely illegible, and the quality of writing was considered good in 14% of cases. DISCUSSION: The study showed that hand-written orders in primary healthcare are far from complying with the medico-legal requirements. The teaching of order-writing technique and its computerisation are needed to improve the quality of medical prescribing.
Adolescent↗
Home and community literacy experiences of individuals with Down syndrome.
This exploratory survey was conducted to gain a detailed understanding of the home and community literacy experiences of children, adolescents and adults with Down syndrome. The data were collected from 224 parents/guardians across Canada who were asked to indicate literacy goals and priorities for their children with Down syndrome, the literacy resources they and their children utilised at home and in the community, perceived barriers to their children's literacy attainment, and solutions for alleviating the barriers. The results were analysed according to age when appropriate, in order to better understand the course of literacy development. Overall, the number of respondents who indicated their children with Down syndrome could read and write appeared to be consistent with previously published estimates, including the number reporting advanced reading levels. The wide range of reading and writing materials observed in use at home appeared to be greater than the range of materials actually used by children with Down syndrome. Relatively few of the parents who read storybooks to their children reported asking higher-level questions, suggesting that some parents might benefit from support in this activity. Many respondents reported using the library, and many expressed concerns about the quality and scarcity of literacy programs. The results are discussed with regard to their implications for how parents, caregivers, teachers, and program providers can encourage literacy development in persons with Down syndrome, and suggestions for future research.
Adolescent↗