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At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Ocular findings in multiple sclerosis].

13 (59%) of 22 cases of confirmed multiple sclerosis were of acute or subacute onset and 12 cases (18 eyes) had acute retrobulbar neuritis with acute visual impairment as the initial symptom. During the course of disease, other ocular complaints occurred, such as ptosis, diplopia, nystagmus, pupil signs, visual field defects, or optic nerve disorders. The initial symptoms, clinical manifestations, morbid course, diagnosis, and pathological findings were also touched upon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Retrieval of an upper third molar from the infratemporal space.

A case of dislocation of a maxillary third molar into the infratemporal fossa is described. The diagnostic and therapeutic problems are discussed. The tooth was removed through an osseous window that was made in the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus. The healing was uncomplicated, without maxillary sinusitis, and the reduced ability to open the mouth returned to normal. A slight diplopia persisted.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Repair of orbital floor fractures with Marlex mesh.

The best method for reconstructing the acutely fractured orbital floor is controversial. In this review, the outcome of 81 patients with an operatively confirmed pure orbital blow-out fracture is evaluated with respect to postoperative enophthalmos, diplopia, infection, and extrusion. A Marlex mesh implant was used to repair 58 of the fractures, with minimal resultant complications. We believe that Marlex mesh is an ideal implant for use in repairing the early blow-out fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A normative study of step vergence in elementary schoolchildren.

The purpose of this study was to develop normative data for step vergence testing in children age 6-12. Such data are not currently available for this age group. Base-in and base-out step vergence testing with a prism bar was performed on 386 elementary schoolchildren who had all passed a modified clinical technique (MCT) screening. A new polarized target was developed which enabled us to detect suppression, as well as diplopia or blur. The findings suggest significant differences from normative data previously reported for adults. Because the data for 6-year-olds were different from the rest of the group, we suggest that lower norms be used for this age group. This study provides expected findings for step vergence testing outside the phoropter, which can be used clinically for the assessment of disparity vergence ranges in young children.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Inferior rectus muscle restriction after retrobulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction.

Among the recognized complications of retrobulbar anesthesia, postoperative permanent diplopia has rarely been reported. We describe two patients with inferior rectus muscle restriction after retrobulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Both did well after inferior rectus recession with placement of an adjustable suture.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Slab-off prisms.

1. There are three grinding techniques for slab-off prism effects: front surface slab-off; bicentric grinding; and reverse slab-off. 2. The front surface slab-off and bicentric produce base-up prism in the lower section of the lens. Reverse slab-off produces base-down prism in the inferior portion of the lens. 3. The slab-off prism process is used to correct vertical diplopia in the reading position. Use of slab-off prism in glasses is expensive and should only be considered for stable deviations.

Diplopia↗
PubMed1989

[Leukemic Burkitt's lymphoma with an initial symptom of ocular motor disturbance].

A 58-year-old male was admitted to Osaka City University Hospital because of diplopia in May, 1987. Hematological examinations revealed abnormal blastoid cells in his peripheral blood and bone marrow. We found many mitochondria and polysomes in the cytoplasm of the blastoid cells by the electron microscopy. Moreover, left axillary lymph node biopsy specimen disclosed the typical "starry sky" pattern. The blastoid cells in the bone marrow had chromosomal abnormality; 47XY, 8q-, 14q+, 22q-, +mar. Therefore, the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma (leukemic change) was performed. He was treated with chemotherapy, but the blastoid cells resisted many anticancer agents and he died in September 30. On admission left ocular motor disturbance was revealed. Generally, it was reported that meningitis with CNS involvement of lymphoma is accompanied by cranial nerves palsy. However in this case lymphoma cells was not found in the cerebrospinal fluid. The cause of ocular motor disturbance was the adhesion to the medial rectus muscle and compression to the ocular motor nerves of the lymphoma mass.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1988

Acute acquired comitant esotropia simulating late onset accommodative esotropia.

Acute acquired comitant esotropia in the older child, adolescent, and young adult may represent uncorrected accommodative esotropia. Three young patients developed spontaneous diplopia associated with acute comitant esotropia. In all cases, cycloplegic refraction revealed high uncorrected hyperopia suggesting late onset accommodative esotropia. However, for one patient an intracranial neoplasm precipitated the strabismus and for the other patients the hyperopic correction did not alter the deviation. Clinicians confronted with older children or adolescent patients with acute comitant esotropia associated with large uncorrected hyperopia should not hastily classify the deviation as being accommodative in etiology. Although the latter is possible, the hyperopia may be coincidental and masking an underlying mechanism.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1987

Unusual cause of acquired inflammatory Brown's syndrome.

A 24-year-old East Indian woman presented with an inflammatory swelling in the supranasal quadrant of the left orbit and vertical diplopia. The motility disorder was of typical acquired Brown's syndrome. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed Cysticercus cellulosae, a parasitic cyst known to produce a severe inflammatory reaction. To our knowledge this is the first report of acquired inflammatory Brown's syndrome caused by cysticercosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blow-out fracture of the orbital floor in a patient with cerebellar concussion].

The reported patient with contusion of the cerebellum complained also about diplopia on looking to the left and upwards. The latter complaint suggested the possibility of a blow-out fracture of the orbital floor with wedging-in of muscles. The patient had no signs of a direct orbital trauma, tomograms of the orbits demonstrated uneven floor of the left orbit. The test of passive movements of the eyeball confirmed this supposition. Surgical treatment was successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Management of orbital blowout fractures: the prognostic significance of computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) can be used to aid surgical decision making when the clinical picture is unclear. Patients with blowout fractures and a large amount of orbital expansion and soft tissue herniation have a high risk for developing enophthalmos. Patients with entrapped inferior rectus muscles on CT may continue to have significant diplopia unless they are treated surgically.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Sensory fusion disruption syndrome.

Unlike the typical manifestation of acquired strabismus, patients with sensory fusion disruption syndrome are unable to fuse targets even when bifoveally aligned under ideal clinical conditions. This condition usually follows trauma and a period of coma. These patients suffer from chronic diplopia which is not relieved by optical or surgical means. Recognition of this entity may result in more effectual management. As a phenomenon, it serves as a potential clue to physiological composition of binocularity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Superior oblique muscle paralysis in the CREST syndrome.

A 54 year old male with the CREST (Calcinosis, Raynauds, Esophageal hypomotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia) variant of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) presented with vertical diplopia diagnosed as a left superior oblique muscle paralysis. Although cranial nerves abnormalities have been reported in PSS, to our knowledge this is the first report of the CREST syndrome in association with a IV nerve palsy in whom no other etiology could be found.

Cranial Nerve Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[An unusual form of isolated fracture of the orbital floor: "valve fracture". Therapeutic problems].

Among isolated fractures of the orbital floor, the authors are pointing out an unusual clinical type characterized by the irreducibility of the orbital contents ruptured in the maxillary sinus by using classical procedures. This primary failure is due to a bone fragment dropped in the sinus and being attracted by the herniated collar when trying to integrate the hernia in the orbit. To name this type of lesion, the word "valve fracture" is proposed because of the analogy of the one way function of a valve and its different mechanism from the classical trapdoor fracture. The different concepts of the pathogenesis of isolated fractures of the orbital floor and the physiopathology of the frequently associated ocular disturbances are briefly exposed. The authors report the case which confronted them to the valve fracture. Following a direct trauma to the right orbital area a 13-year-old child presented a limitation of the upwards movements of the right eye with diplopia and a positive forced duction test. The surgical exploration shows an orbital hernia in the sinus which is impossible to reposition either with a higher incision (under the orbital rim) or with a lever incision, upper vestibular incision (through maxillary sinus). Only the infraorbital marginotomy described by P. Tessier exposes completely the lesions and allows understanding of the mechanism of this primary irreducibility related to the valve movement of the fractured bone fragment. Above all, marginotomy allows an atraumatic set. If is performed combining gentle handles of pulling and forcing back on the ruptured pieces while keeping opened the valve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Skull base metastasis of prostatic cancer presenting as exophthalmos--a case report].

A 72-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of diplopia and right exophthalmos. Craniography and CT scan showed thickening of the right orbital roof and no intracranial lesion. Total acid phosphatase and prostatic acid phosphatase were high. Bone scintigraphy revealed high uptake at that lesion and the right pelvis. Unroofing of the right orbit and opening of the optic canal were performed in order to reduce intraorbital pressure. Microscopic examination revealed a metastatic lesion of prostatic cancer. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with "Honvan" and the course has been good.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Anisophoria after implantation of an intraocular lens.

After extracapsular cataract extraction, a Simcoe-style posterior chamber intraocular lens was implanted in the left eye of a 69-year-old patient. The visual acuity of the right eye was 20/25 with +3.0 diopter correction. Probably as a result of a biometric error, the left eye was rendered myopic (-1.75 -3.00 X 25 degrees). This anisometropia caused a disturbing diplopia, which could be explained by anisophoria rather than by aniseikonia. The problem of anisophoria is discussed, along with suggestions for correcting the problem.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Frontal sinus mucocele.

Although not uncommon, and certainly not rare, frontal sinus mucocele was seen in 4 cases by the authors. Since one of the cases was rather unusual, we were prompted to evaluate the subject and prepare this manuscript. Gradual onset of unilateral proptosis should make one suspicious of a mucocele involving the paranasal sinuses, the frontal and ethmoid being the 2 most common locations. Diplopia, due to limited ocular motility on upward gaze, along with proptosis and epiphora are frequently the presenting symptoms which, in one particular case, paradoxically improved at first with topical anti-inflammatory therapy . A team approach (ophthalmologist, radiologist, otorhinolaryngologist, and neurosurgeon) are essential for an accurate diagnosis and therapeutic approach to this problem. The use of a precut template from the Caldwell projection is a very useful device to outline the contours of the frontal sinus during surgery. The not-so-frequent use of abdominal fat to fill the frontal sinus cavity is presented with no apparent postoperative fat necrosis. A 5-year follow-up has shown the patient to be free of recurrences.

Diplopia↗
PubMed1979

The binocular confusion in unilateral aphakia.

The first 4 symptoms of binocular confusion concern primarily daytime vision and the fifth symptom concerns nighttime vision. Even with a conventional contact lens correction, symptoms of binocular confusion occur, especially with high optical aniseikonia for near or far distance. In addition, diplopia occurs in the presence of strabismus. The important result of our research is the fact that unilateral aphakes are severely disturbed by the 5 symptoms of binocular confusion described above. These disturbances can be eliminated completely with an appropriate spectacle-contact lens combination based on echometry and intraocular optics.

Adult↗