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At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Evaluation of an alginate dressing for pressure ulcers.

Pressure ulcers that secrete moderate to large amounts of fluid often cause leakage from under dressings, odor, staining of clothing, denuding of the skin, and pain. Two highly absorbent dressings derived from seaweed have been introduced into the U.S. market for use in the management of exuding wounds. Severely debilitated patients with full-thickness pressure ulcers were treated for one week to three months with one of these alginate dressings (Kaltostat). The handling and performance characteristics of the dressing are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hydro-alginates].

Hydro-alginates are a combination of reversible and irreversible hydrocolloids. These products are a material choice in fixed prosthodontics and removable partial denture due to their reliability and ease of use, depending on adequate utilization of the materials and on a perfect synchronization during the impression procedures.

Alginates↗
PubMed1979

The mode of action alginic acid compound in the reduction of gastroesophageal reflux.

This study was designed to evaluate quantitatively the mode of action of alginic acid compound (AAC) in the treatment of patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroesophageal scintigraphy using an orall administered Tc-99m sulfur colloid solution was used to demonstrate that AAC decreased significantly the gastroesophageal reflux index from (9.9 +/- 1.3) % to (6.5 +/- 0.8) % (p less than 0.05). No alteration of lower esophageal sphincter pressure was observed. After ACC was suitably labeled with Sr-87m, a dual-nuclide scintigraphic technique was used to show that most (greater than 75%) of the AAC was located in the upper half of the stomach in both normal subjects and patients with gastroesophageal reflux. In those subjects in whom reflux did occur after treatment with AAC, the Sr-87m-AAC refluxed into the esophagus preferentially compared with the liquid containing Tc-99m sulfur colloid. These findings suggest that AAC dimishes gastroesophageal reflux by means of its foaming, floating, and viscous properties.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacologic efficacy of sodium alginate suspension on gastro-esophageal reflux in infants and children].

Eighty-three children presenting with symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) (48 males, 35 females, aged 15 days to 57 months (mean = 7 months) were assessed by pH monitoring. All showed acid pathological GER on the 3 hours post-prandial esophageal pH measurement (% of time at pH less than 4 greater than 4.2) and all had a second pH measurement within the following 3 hours after intake of a single (5 ml) dose of sodium alginate (AGS). AGS administration was followed by a highly significant reduction (p less than 0.00001) of all pH measurement variables: a) Percentage of time spent at pH less than 4 returned to normal with a mean 11.7% to 4.8%; that is a 52.5% improvement (median); b) Total number of reflux reduced on average from 8.9 to 5.0: that is a 35% improvement (median); c) Mean duration of reflux reduced on average for 4 to 2 min; that is a 60% improvement (median). In 76 patients hourly monitoring of % of time spent at pH less than 4 shows that hourly improvement persists.

Alginates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunotherapy with alginate-conjugated two grass pollen extract in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological effects of specific immunotherapy with alginate-conjugated two grass pollen extract in patients with rhinoconjunctivitis. A total of 52 patients were admitted to the study. Before and after 3 years of immunotherapy quantitative skin test (QST) to Dactylis glomerata (Dg) and to Phleum pratense (Php), variation of grass specific IgE and IgG4 and nasal challenge with the aqueous extract of the two grasses were compared. Each patient kept a daily record of symptoms and medication required during pollen season. In all patients a significant decrease in QST and a significant increase in grass specific IgG4 was observed. In 47 patients a significant decrease in nasal symptom scores and drug consumption was observed. In 5 patients no significant decrease in nasal symptom scores was observed.

Alginates↗
PubMed1988

[Preparation of porous material based on alginic acid, containing immobilized terrilytin].

A comparative study was conducted on immobilization of terrilytin on alginic acid by attaching the enzyme by ionic or covalent bonds and possible use of such compounds in preparing porous coatings for wound treatment. It was shown possible to prepare a coating with the enzyme activity after radiation sterilization equal to 80-85 per cent of the initial level. Medico-biological investigations proved that the use of the coating in treatment of purulent wounds was efficient.

Alginates↗
PubMed1989

Growth inhibition of Streptococcus sanguis with alginate.

The experiments of the growth of Stre. sanguis were carried out. From the results it was found that the medium including alginate inhibits the growth of Stre. sanguis in spite of the fact that the medium does not inhibit the growth of other oral streptococci.

Alginates↗
PubMed1989

[Study on the disinfection of alginate impressions. 2. Dimensional stability and surface roughness after immersing or spraying treatment with povidone-iodine solution].

The dimensional changes of four alginate impression materials and the surface roughness of stone casts following the treatment with 0.07% Povidone-Iodine solution were evaluated. The impressions were treated by either immersing or spraying. The dimensional change was measured by an electronic micrometer with a non-pressure direct method for 60 minutes. The surface roughness of stone casts obtained from the impressions following optimal treatment was also measured. Two products were dimensionally stable for 60 minutes after spraying with the solution, while the other two were stable for 30 minutes in the solution. No effect of the treatment was observed on the surface roughness of stone casts.

Alginates↗
PubMed1989

[The antimicrobial effect of an alginate with an antiseptic admixture].

Attempts to simplify impression disinfection lead to the production of an aseptic alginate impression material (Blueprint asept, De Trey/Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany). This study describes the aseptic properties of this new type of impression material. The in-vitro part of the experiments showed a reduction of Staphylococcus aureus by 6 and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 4 log steps after 60 min, and of Candida albicans by at least 3 log steps after 15 min of exposure. Under in-vivo conditions oral bacteria residing on the impression surfaces were reduced by nearly 4 log steps. Although the aseptic properties of the material were demonstrated, the biological acceptance, dimensional stability and compatibility with gypsum have to be tested in further studies.

Alginates↗
PubMed1989

[Reparative effects of sodium alginate (Alloid G) on radiation stomatitis].

Discontinuation or alteration of the schedule of radiation therapy is often necessary in patients with tumors of the parotid gland and pharynx because of the development of stomatitis. Alloid G (Sodium alginate; AL-G) is an agent with a promotive effect on healing of inflammation of the gastric and esophageal mucosa. In this study, we orally administered the agent in irradiated mice to examine its healing effect against radiation stomatitis. ICR mice (5-week-old males) were subjected to gamma-irradiation at 17-32 Gy, and followed by oral administration with either AL-G, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), or water twice daily for 20 days. The effects of the treatments on radiation stomatitis were examined according to the survival of the animals and histological findings in the oral mucosa. After irradiation at 32 Gy, it was found that the epidermal basal layer was present in the AL-G group. In both PVP and water-treated groups, however, it was not found. The dose modification factor (DMF) of 1.12 was calculated from oral radiation death of LD50/20 and radiation dose with or without AL-G. These results suggest that AL-G probably have a pharmacologically reparative effect on radiation injury of the oral mucosa, in addition to the physical epidermal protective effect due to its viscosity such as that of PVP.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Combined cimetidine-alginate antacid therapy versus single agent treatment for reflux oesophagitis: results of prospective double-blind randomised clinical trial.

This randomised double-blind study compared the effects of cimetidine 400 mg four times daily (q.d.s.), Gastrocote (alginic acid, aluminium hydroxide gel, magnesium trisilicate, sodium bicarbonate) two tablets q.d.s. and a combination of both on ambulatory 24-hour oesophageal pH, endoscopic findings and symptoms in patients with reflux oesophagitis. Patients were treated for ten weeks with assessments at entry, after four weeks and at the end of the study. Before treatment, oesophageal pH was less than 5.0 for 25% overall of the 24 hours monitoring in all three treatment groups. After ten weeks, the percentage of time with an oesophageal pH less than 5.0 was 26% on Gastrocote, 26% on cimetidine and 14% on the combination (P less than 0.05, combined therapy versus cimetidine alone). The severity of the heartburn was reduced on all three treatments. The average number of days with heartburn per week was 5.0, 3.6 and 3.4 in the Gastrocote, cimetidine and combined groups respectively. The difference between Gastrocote and the combination was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). There was a clear trend towards improvement of endoscopic oesophagitis at ten weeks in the combined therapy group when compared to single agent treatment with cimetidine or Gastrocote although the difference was not significant due to inadequate numbers. This study indicates that combined cimetidine and Gastrocote is a more effective treatment for reflux oesophagitis than single agent therapy with either drug.

Alginates↗
PubMed1987

Encapsulation of the mosquito fungal pathogen Lagenidium giganteum (Oomycetes:Lagenidiales) in calcium alginate.

The asexual stages (presporangial mycelia) of Lagenidium giganteum cultured on sunflower seed extract were encapsulated in calcium alginate and remained infective to mosquito larvae, Culex quinquefasciatus, after storage at 15 degrees C for up to 75 days. Survival and zoospore release from the encapsulated mycelia persisted for up to 24 days after immersion in water. Encapsulated sexual stages (oospores), held at 23-26 degrees C for up to 35 days or frozen for 8-10 days, were infective to mosquito larvae for up to 48 days after immersion in water and during that time over 50% of the oospores germinated. In outdoor pools, encapsulated mycelia gave 100% control of Cx. quinquefasciatus at 6-7 days after treatment while encapsulated oospores gave 100% control at 11 days posttreatment.

Alginates↗
PubMed1986

Alginate dressing as a donor site haemostat.

An alginate fibre dressing has been used to reduce blood loss from skin graft donor sites. Significant haemostasis has been achieved in the immediate post surgery phase and no adverse reactions observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Kojic acid production from cocoa juice by Aspergillus flavus entrapped in calcium alginate.

Sixteen microorganisms of Aspergillus strains were screened for production of kojic acid using cocoa juice as carbon source. Only Aspergillus flavus ATCC 9179 was found to produce the acid in low yield (22 mg/ml). Calcium alginate immobilization of the cells was used under optimum conditions to maximize the yield of kojic acid (60 mg/ml). Cultures were incubated in the medium with 50% of cocoa juice added in pulses of 8 ml each every 96 hours, and 4% methanol, pH 3.5, 150 rpm, 26 degrees C for three weeks. The incubations were monitored by thin layer and high pressure liquid chromatography. Kojic acid was extracted from the culture broth by organic solvent, concentrated and crystallized. The chemical identity of kojic acid was determined by HPLC, MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.

Alginates↗