Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “conception”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,693 records · Page 94Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Analysis of the concept of aloneness. As applied to older women being treated for depression.

The concept of aloneness is examined in very few published materials. This article analyzes the concept of aloneness through the experiences of eight older women being treated for depression. When the women were depressed, they viewed aloneness as being vulnerable, fearful, helpless, and as having a loss of control of self and identity confusion. As the women progressed in their recovery from depression, they viewed aloneness as being self-reliant, hopeful, and resourceful and as having self-determination and self-reflection. Establishing and clarifying the meaning of aloneness for older women during their depression and during their recovery from depression is basic to using the concept of aloneness in nursing theory development and in gerontological nursing practice, education, and research.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

The effects of an undergraduate clinical internship on the self-concept and professional role mastery of baccalaureate nursing students.

PURPOSE: The Purpose of this investigation was to determine whether an eight-week undergraduate clinical courses would enhance students' self-concepts and increase their perception of competence in critical care, teaching/collaboration, planning/evaluation, professional development, leadership and interpersonal skills, and communication. RESEARCH QUESTIONS: Is there a need for an undergraduate clinical internship? Will there be a difference in self-concept and perception of role mastery between the group of students who participated in the internship and those who did not participate? METHODOLOGY: Nursing students at the University who were between their junior and senior years were offered the opportunity to enroll in the course (didactic and clinical). Eight interns enrolled in the course; five non-interns enrolled in the didactic portion only; and the remaining 36 classmates were designated as the control group. DESIGN: A pretest-post test designed was utilized. Two instruments were used: 1) The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale and 2) The Six-Dimensional Scale of Nursing Performance. RESULTS: One way ANOVA with .05 level of significance was used as the statistical test. There were no significant differences noted.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1993

Concept clarification and critical thinking: integrated processes.

Concept clarification is centrally important to theory development. While often understood as a formula-driven task, concept clarification is really a process that engages critical thinking. Clarification creates multiple meanings through: (1) formulating purposes, (2) choosing, examining, and integrating data sources, and (3) representing a final conceptualization that can also be examined for adequacy. Within each of these processes, critical thinking is engaged as: (1) assumptions are identified and challenged, (2) the importance of context in creating meaning is revealed, (3) alternative interpretations are imagined and explored, and (4) reflective skepticism is cultivated. The central challenge in concept clarification is to understand how words create things.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

[A concept analysis of assertiveness].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, assertiveness. METHOD: This study used Walker and Avant's process of concept analysis. RESULTS: 1. Attributes of assertiveness were defined as 1) Self-esteem 2) Comprehension to others 3) Clarification of the subject 4) Verbal communication 5) Non-verbal communication. 2. The antecedents of assertiveness consist of these facts 1) The occurrence of a conflict situation 2) The occurrence of will to stick to one's opinions. 3. There are consequences occurring as a result of assertiveness 1) Positive self-confidence 2) Increased comprehension or consideration to others 3) Expand of mutual respect 4) Maintenance of continuously cooperative relationship with each other 5) Output of acceptable results to each other. CONCLUSION: Assertiveness is a core human behavior and is key to interpersonal relationships. Using the components of the concept of assertiveness, many conflicts in a nursing situation can be effectively prevented.

Assertiveness↗
PubMed1992

A concept analysis of nurses' commitment to patient care.

Commitment to the service of mankind has always been a key concept of professional nursing. However, very little effort seems to have been made to analyse the nature of commitment as a factor in nursing. This article explores the meaning of the concept 'commitment' as revealed by a review of the literature and the responses of a group of registered nurses in unstructured interviews. It goes on to analyse the concept by means of a number of techniques such as an analysis of critical attributes, the construction of model cases and related cases, the identification of antecedents and consequences and of empirical referents. The information gleaned was used to structure a study of the commitment to patient care of a group of professional nurses which will be published in a subsequent article.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

[Influences of motor disability on the development of scene concepts].

Two studies were conducted to investigate the influence of motor disability of the child on cognitive development. In Study I, elementary school teachers and undergraduate students were requested to rank the school subjects according to how much the teaching of each subject would facilitate scene concepts development of children. The results visually represented by the rank graphs indicated that "physical training" and "arts" which require body actions and movements were judged to be most important for scene concepts development. In Study II, both normal and physically handicapped children were asked to perform free recalls to each of the three stimuli: "my house," "my school," and "my town." The results showed the influence of the size of space implied by the stimuli on the number of the items recalled by healthy children but this influence was not the same with physically handicapped children. These results, which indicate the importance of body actions and movements for scene concepts development, were discussed in terms of education for physically handicapped children.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of acquisition of knowledge on self-evaluation and the relationship of self-evaluation to perception of real and ideal self-concept.

To investigate the effect of knowledge acquisition on self-evaluation and self-concept 69 graduate nursing students--25 in an experimental group, 18 in control group I, and 26 in control group II--enrolled in three nursing courses provided demographic data, self-evaluation of entering behavior, and personality test data. The latter two tests were given on pre- and posttest bases. Seven hypotheses were tested. Overall results showed: The experimental group which was taught by means of mastery learning acquired significantly more knowledge than the control groups which received the traditional lecture-discussion method of learning; there was an inverse relationship between knowledge acquisition and self-evaluation of entering behavior; positive correlation between "amount of overestimation or underestimation of previous knowledge'' and extremes of self-concept was partially supported; in general, single students were less able to evaluate accurately by what they thought they knew than were married subjects; employment was inversely related with knowledge acquisition and course grade. The relationship between self-concept and acquisition of knowledge was not significant.

Education, Nursing, Graduate↗
PubMed2000

Bulimia nervosa. A treatment concept implying an "integrative painting therapy".

At the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Graz, we have been applying a concept for treating bulimia nervosa, using a complementary method involving psychosocial and psychotherapeutic strategy as well as psychotropic medication. Thus we have been able to approach the patients from a holistic view. Painting and drawing as a creative method constitute another salient part of our concept. Between January 1995 and September 1999, 36 in-patients with bulimia were treated in the Psychotherapy Unit of the University Hospital's Department of Psychiatry in Graz; our concept focussed on "Integrative Painting Therapy". The wide variety of treatment methods comprised individual and group therapy, diet counselling and thymoleptics (SSRIs). Teamwork and close links within the team constituted an important part of our work, so that the different types of therapy are process-oriented and thus interrelated. In the initial phase of the symptom-oriented approach patients learn to control and ultimately normalise their eating habits. In the phase of acting out and/or conflict awareness, they try to cope with their disorder on a pictorial level. They gain access to their emotions and become aware of their problems, while their eating habits improve. Self-esteem is eventually stabilised and patients develop a sense of self-responsibility and work on effective strategies to cope with their disorder. This development also manifests itself in their pictorial expressions. "Integrative Painting Therapy" led to a marked improvement of the depressive moods initially prevalent in all patients. It also slightly elevated their Body Mass Index. Moreover, control capacity increased significantly, irregularities in eating habits were reduced and craving for food subsided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Testing two theories of conceptual combination: alignment versus diagnosticity in the comprehension and production of combined concepts.

People often interpret novel noun-noun combinations by transferring a property from one constituent concept of the combination to the other. Two theories make different predictions about these "property" interpretations. Dual-process theory predicts that properties transferred will be alignable differences of the concepts being combined. Constraint theory predicts that properties transferred will be diagnostic properties of the concepts in which they originate. An experimental study tested these contrasting predictions in interpretation comprehension and interpretation production tasks. The results showed that participants reliably preferred diagnostic property interpretations, whether alignable or nonalignable, in both tasks. There was no reliable preference for alignable interpretations in either task. This confirms constraint theory's predictions about property interpretations and goes against the predictions of dual-process theory.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Multiculturalism as a concept in nursing.

This article focuses on the theoretical processes of identifying and evaluating concepts in the public domain and the subsequent practical application of such concepts to the provision of nursing care. More specifically, this article identifies the concept of "multiculturalism" as a valuable one for nursing, and then evaluates it via the methodology developed by nursing theorists Wilson (1969) and Meleis (1997).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

Mechanisms of same/different abstract-concept learning by rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Experiments with 9 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) showed, for the first time, that abstract-concept learning varied with the training stimulus set size. In a same/different task, monkeys required to touch a top picture before choosing a bottom picture (same) or white rectangle (different) learned rapidly. Monkeys not required to touch the top picture or presented with the top picture for a fixed time learned slowly or not at all. No abstract-concept learning occurred after 8-item training but progressively improved with larger set sizes and was complete following 128-item training. A control monkey with a constant 8-item set ruled out repeated training and testing. Contrary to the unique-species account, it is argued that different species have quantitative, not qualitative, differences in abstract-concept learning.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Concepts of termination and post-termination patient-analyst contact.

This paper examines the relationship of concepts of termination to the role of post-termination patient-analyst contact. The concept of termination seems to have been derived historically from at least three elements: the conception of the analytic process; the goal of analysis; and the therapeutic outcome of analysis. Evidence from clinical experience fails to substantiate analysts' belief that post-termination patient-analyst contacts are likely to be damaging to the patient. Most analysts structure termination so that subsequent contact with the patient is conditional upon the patient's need for additional analytic help. However, they themselves seek multiple post-termination contacts with their own training analyst. Periodic post-termination patient-analyst contacts as extensions of the analytic situation provide the analyst with an improved perspective for evaluating the prior analytic work and provide the patient with evidence of the analyst's continuing physicianly concern for his/her well-being. The latter extends the therapeutic alliance which had supported the earlier analytic work and which probably enhances the maintenance of analytic gains and facilitates continued self-analytic work.

Communication↗
PubMed2005

[Coping: a concept analysis].

Hundreds of studies have been conducted by nuring researchers on stressors requiring coping. Unfortunately, the concept of coping is poorly defined. This paper presents a conceptual analysis of the phenomenon of coping. Within the classic framework developed by Walker and Avant (1995), coping is analyzed and critical attributes are distilled. A model case, a related case and a contrary case are constructed as conceptual clarity is established. Empirical referents that exemplify the concept of coping are identified. The concept analysis provides a forum for dialectics, offering one defensible interpretation of a complex human occurrence. The implications for nursing are discussed in the conclusion.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2005

A concept analysis of partnership with clients.

The aim of this first paper of two about partnership working with clients is to define and clarify partnership as it is practised within health visiting, by identifying the central notions of partnership working in practice. The aim of the second paper will be to describe an evaluation of a training course in partnership working for health visitors. Partnership is a word in common usage within the health professions but its meaning is ill-defined. A literature search was undertaken to identify ways in which previous authors have used the concept within nursing, counselling and health visiting. Rodgers' approach to concept analysis was undertaken to seek clarity for the concept. This revealed the ways in which various authors have used the word, an analysis of its defining attributes, surrogate terms, antecedents, consequences and a concluding definition. The results showed that partnership with clients in health visiting can be defined as a respectful, negotiated way of working together that enables choice, participation and equity, within an honest, trusting relationship that is based in empathy, support and reciprocity. It is best established within a model of health visiting that recognises partnership as a central tenet. It requires a high level of interpersonal qualities and communication skills in staff who are, themselves, supported through a system of clinical supervision that operates within the same partnership framework.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

[Crisis: a concept analysis].

When patients and their families face the sudden impact of disease, a crisis may ensue. Nursing staff are in the best position to prevent and manage the crisis situation; but, this concept has not been well developed in the nursing field in Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to apply the methodology outlined by Walker and Avant (1995) to analyze the concept of crisis. The steps include a review of the literature on conceptual definitions of crisis, determining the defining attributes, constructing model, borderline, contrary, and related cases, and identifying antecedents and consequences. Finally, the empirical referents of crisis are explored. It is hoped that this analysis can help nursing staff to gain a better understanding of the concept of crisis and then to apply the knowledge gained to clinical practice.

Concept Formation↗
PubMed2006

The effect of perceived parental involvement and the use of growth-fostering relationships on self-concept in adolescents participating in gear up.

Adolescence is marked by physical, cognitive, and social changes which affect how individuals perceive themselves. However, individuals do integrate their perceptions with those of significant others. Adolescents' self-concept is influenced by their relationships with family, peers, mentors, and community groups. In this study, the characteristics of these relationships are examined as well as the perception of parental involvement. The effect of perceived parental involvement and the use of growth-fostering relationships on self-concept was examined using 78 adolescents who were participating in GEAR UP (Gaining Early Awareness of Readiness for Undergraduate Programs). Results support the influence of family, peers, mentors, and involvement in community groups on adolescent self-concept.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Concept space comparisons: explorations with five health domains.

This paper explores methods to compare concept spaces derived from different discourses in a common health domain. The concept spaces are generated from the research literature and from message board discussions on the Internet. We explore a number of methods for comparing and contrasting concept space pairs. We experiment with five select health domains in this exploratory research: Autism, AIDS, Fibromyalgia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis. The paper concludes with a discussion about the potential of our methods. Future work on refinements to our techniques is also outlined.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

The situated nature of concepts.

For decades the importance of background situations has been documented across all areas of cognition. Nevertheless, theories of concepts generally ignore background situations, focusing largely on bottom-up, stimulus-based processing. Furthermore, empirical research on concepts typically ignores background situations, not incorporating them into experimental designs. A selective review of relevant literatures demonstrates that concepts are not abstracted out of situations but instead are situated. Background situations constrain conceptual processing in many tasks (e.g., recall, recognition, categorization, lexical decision, color naming, property verification, property generation) across many areas of cognition (e.g., episodic memory, conceptual processing, visual object recognition, language comprehension). A taxonomy of situations is proposed in which grain size, meaningfulness, and tangibility distinguish the cumulative situations that structure cognition hierarchically.

Cognition↗