Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Rotation”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,693 records · Page 94Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Student perceptions of osteopathic manipulative treatment after completing a manipulative medicine rotation.

Recent studies have demonstrated a decline in the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) by osteopathic physicians, reflecting a trend that may begin in medical school. The authors used a questionnaire to examine the teaching and use of OMT in five rotations and the perceptions of 86 graduating osteopathic medical students of their experiences following their core manipulative medicine rotation. Most students indicated that they applied osteopathic principles sometimes (39.5%) or often (29.1%) during rotations. Forty-three percent of students rated their ability to apply osteopathic principles as average. The number of students who indicated that they rarely used OMT during their rotations was 31 (36.0%) for internal medicine, 21 (24.4%) for surgery, 23 (26.7%) for pediatrics, and 24 (27.9%) for obstetrics/gynecology. When asked why OMT was not used during a rotation, 47.2% of respondents cited time constraints, and 21.7% stated that their attending physicians discouraged the use of OMT. These results demonstrate a distinction between students' perceived level of osteopathic principles and skills and their application during clinical rotations.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A block rotation in community pediatrics.

OBJECTIVES: To develop, implement, and evaluate a 1-month block rotation in community pediatrics. INTERVENTIONS: Faculty from University of California San Diego and Naval Medical Center San Diego developed a combined and integrated curriculum for second-year residents in community pediatrics. Resident activities included structured site visits to schools, day care centers, and community organizations that participate in child health promotion, advocacy, public health, and prevention activities. Resident school consultation and child advocacy projects were established and mentored during the block rotation. EVALUATION: Formative evaluation of the program by residents was used to shape the program design. Residents' self-perceived competence in eight areas of community pediatrics was measured with questionnaires administered before and after completion of the rotation. Resident involvement in school consultation and child advocacy projects was assessed in a cross-sectional survey. RESULTS: Twenty-three residents completed the rotation during the 1-year study period. Statistically significant improvements in self-perceived competence were noted in all eight areas of community pediatrics. Among residents who were at least 3 months beyond the rotation completion date, 55% (11/20) reported continued involvement with their school consultation or child advocacy project, and 25% (5/20) reported this involvement to be on a quarterly to monthly basis. CONCLUSIONS: Two institutions successfully implemented and integrated a block rotation in community pediatrics. Positive short-term improvements were noted in resident self-perceived competence in community pediatrics.

California↗
PubMed1999

Real-time rotation vectors.

Rotation vectors are a useful way of describing eye position without reference to arbitrary axes of rotation since any eye position can be reached from the reference position by rotation about a single axis. A real-time display of rotation vectors would not only help to acquire more reliable data, but would also widen the range of possible eye movement experiments. We describe a novel PC based data acquisition and analysis system which calculates and displays rotation vectors, velocity vectors and Listing's plane in real-time using voltages obtained from a two field coil system. The system was implemented using LabVIEW and optimised using Code Interface Nodes. Off-line processing can be sped up by varying parameters that indicate the amount of available RAM. During processing Listing's plane data can be rotated horizontally, vertically and torsionally. A computer controlled laser target changes position randomly every half second and so the targets are evenly spread, producing an appropriate range of eye positions which are used to calculate Listing's plane.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of knee joint flexion and femur rotation on retropatellar contact of the human knee joint].

The aim of the present study was to evaluate retropatellar contact characteristics at different angles of flexion of the knee joint. To this end, 6 cadaveric legs were examined using pressure sensitive film (Fuji Prescale type "super low") at angles of flexion of 45 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees both in neutral rotation and 10 degrees internal and external rotation of the femur in the same knee joints. A force of 140 N was applied to both the vastus medialis and lateralis, and a comparison made with a medially and a laterally dominating muscle force. The contact areas decreased with increasing angles of flexion. The medially dominating muscle traction increased the contact area. Comparison between internal and external rotation revealed a decrease in contact area on internal rotation. The pressure measurements were comparable in all loading situations. Comparison between neutral and medial traction revealed significant differences in contact area, pressure and force. The influence of femoral rotation showed no significant difference. A comparison of the different angles of flexion revealed only few significant differences. To prevent the development of retropatellar arthrosis, maximum contact areas are necessary. The study has shown an advantage for medially dominating muscle traction, and external rotation of the femur.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of rotational gait abnormality in the patients cerebral palsy.

Internal rotation of hip is commonly seen in children with cerebral palsy. Existing muscle imbalance causes persistence of femoral deformity, which may contribute to rotational asymmetry. In cerebral palsy, gait deviations are the result of dynamic and static components, both caused by muscle imbalance. In this study we investigated the predictability of hip rotation in gait from the measurement of anatomic deformity. Computed tomography (CT) measurements of femoral anteversion and physical examination data failed to predict the hip rotation in gait. However, tibial (CT) measurements and physical examination data highly correlated with tibial rotation in gait. We conclude the dynamic component of hip rotation during gait is significant, as anatomic deformity did not predict gait deviations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The effects of dopamine agonists on rotational behavior in non-tolerant and caffeine-tolerant rats.

Tolerance develops to caffeine-induced stimulation of both locomotor activity and rotational behavior. The role of dopamine in tolerance to the locomotor stimulant effects of caffeine has been documented. However, the role of dopamine in caffeine-induced turning behavior remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study determined the role of dopamine receptors in tolerance to caffeine-induced rotational behavior. Rats with a unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal tract, induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), were treated chronically with either caffeine (1.0mg/ml) or with drug-free tap water, by a method of scheduled access. Agonists with and without selectivity for dopamine receptor sub-types were tested in both groups of rats (nonselective: apomorphine, d-amphetamine; D1 selective: SKF-38393, SKF-77434; D2 selective: R(-)-propylnorapomorphine (NPA), quinpirole). All drugs produced dose-dependent increases in turning that, with the exception of quinpirole, were comparable in both groups. Quinpirole produced a smaller effect in rats treated with caffeine than in control rats. Thus, there was significant cross-tolerance only to the effects of quinpirole. The concurrent administration of SKF-38393 with NPA produced a synergistic interaction on rotational behavior in control rats, to which cross-tolerance did not develop in caffeine-treated rats. In contrast to what occurs with locomotor activity, in control rats the selective D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH 23390 completely blocked SKF-38393-induced turning behavior and the selective D2 dopamine receptor antagonist eticlopride partially attenuated this effect. NPA-induced turning behavior was blocked only by eticlopride; SCH 23390 was without effect. Both SCH 23390 and eticlopride blocked d-amphetamine-induced rotational behavior. The results of this study suggest that D1 dopamine receptors are not involved in tolerance to caffeine-induced rotational behavior. The role of D2 dopamine receptors in this effect is unresolved. Results obtained from rotational behavior studies generally do not parallel those obtained from locomotor activity studies, suggesting that different mechanisms underlie the effects of caffeine on these two behaviors.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Surgical epicondylar axis vs anatomical epicondylar axis for rotational alignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty.

The anatomical epicondylar (AEpi) axis and the surgical epicondylar (SEpi) axis have been widely used as the epicondylar axis, one of the most commonly used axes for rotational alignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences and reliability between these two axes. Computerized tomography scan of the distal femur was done in 55 osteoarthritic knees. Thirty-two knees were varus and 23 knees were neutral in alignment. Axes for rotational alignment of the femoral component were lined including posterior condylar (PC), anteroposterior (AP), AEpi, and SEpi axes. Angles between each pair of axes were measured including PC-AEpi, PC-SEpi, AP-AEpi, AP-SEpi and AP-PC. The average PC-AEpi angle was 5.7 degrees +/- 1.7 degrees. The average PC-SEpi angle was 1.5 degrees +/- 2.1 degrees. The average AP-AEpi angle was 90.2 degrees +/- 1.0 degrees. The average AP-SEpi angle was 94.5 degrees +/- 1.3 degrees and the average AP-PC angle was 95.9 degrees +/- 2.0 degrees. Twenty-nine per cent of knees had prominent medial epicondyle (a landmark for AEpi axis) and 5 per cent had prominent medial sulcus (a landmark for SEpi axis). The lateral epicondyle was prominent in all knees. There were no significant differences of all angles of referencing axes between men and women (p>0.05). There were no significant differences between varus and neutral knees in terms of PC-AEpi angle and PC-SEpi angle (p>0.05). The AEpi axis was more perpendicular to the AP axis and more external rotated to the PC axis than the SEpi axis. Because the perpendicular line to the AEpi axis was closer to the AP axis than that of the SEpi axis and the AEpi axis provided appropriate external rotated to the PC axis, the AEpi axis was more reliable for rotational alignment of the femoral component than the SEpi axis. On the other hand, SEpi axis, providing less external rotated to the PC axis, may be difficult to define and could cause patellofemoral tracking problems in total knee arthroplasty.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

Can an Internet-based system assist with administration and distance learning for third- and fourth-year rural clinical rotations?

This article describes the experience of the West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine during the past 5 years in using Internet technology to communicate with osteopathic medical students on remote, community-based clinical rotations. Federal funding initially supported creation of a new Internet-based system to connect students on their rural family medicine rotations. Accomplishments during and after federal funding include development of systems for remote submission and student access to feedback about clinical sites; on-line access to rotation objectives, policies, housing information, maps, and affiliated internship opportunities; access to medical journals and texts; secured access to rotation grades and rotation schedules; on-line reading lists for family medicine and pediatrics rotations; and Internet-based test administration. Remaining challenges include identification or development of interactive learning materials; development of test banks; flawless administration of Web-based examinations; and finding the right balance between patient care-based learning and didactics.

Education, Distance↗
PubMed2000

Operative treatment of medial rotation contracture of the shoulder caused by obstetric brachial plexus palsy.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce an operation of subscapularis slide from its origin and anterior release from its insertion for treatment of medial rotation contracture, subluxation and dislocation of the shoulder caused by obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP). METHODS: Thirty-six cases with medial rotation contracture of the shoulder were diagnosed by measurement of the inferior glenohumeral angle, passive lateral rotation of the shoulder and plain radiographs. Subscapularis slide was performed in 24 cases with simple medial rotation contracture, and anterior release in 12 cases with complex contracture-medial rotation contracture combined with subluxation, dislocation, or other deformities of the shoulder joint. Systems of Mallet scoring and Gilbert grading for the shoulder were used to evaluate the postoperative shoulder function. RESULTS: With follow up for a minimum of six months, 32 cases got apparent gains from operations, accounting for 88.8% of the total operated on. The younger the child was, the better the result. Of 4 cases with no operative effects, 3 had no flexion of the elbow preoperatively, suggesting a poor recovery of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus; the rest one had no repair of the severed subscapularis tendon. CONCLUSIONS: Subscapularis slide and anterior release of the shoulder are effective for treatment of medial rotation contracture as well as its consequence of subluxation and dislocation of the shoulder in OBPP. The operative effect is related to children's age and the recovery extent of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy, section after Sugioka.

BACKGROUND: Femoral caput necrosis is an actual therapeutic problem, because it appears mainly in mid-aged people. The necrotic focus is most often localized in the proximal and ventral parts of the femoral bone capitulum, which, from the biomechanical point of view is the most loaded part. These cases can be possibly treated by transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy. By means of this operation we rotate the necrotic focus to the less loaded part of the joint in correlation with the acetabulum. PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to inform about a rarely performed operation after Sugioka: transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy in coincidence with avascular necrosis of the femoral bone caput. We would like to point to the possibility of a joint-saving operation, which enables to postpone implantation of total endoprosthesis to older age. METHODS: We analyzed the operational therapy performed at our department in the period 1998-2000, focusing especially on joint-saving operations due to femoral caput necrosis. We turned our attention to transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy after Sugioka. In four casuistics, we describe the results of these operations. RESULTS: Transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy was performed in 12 patients. The treatment is described in four casuistics. The results after 1-3 years are good. The illness has not progressed in any of patients, pain has regressed, mobility improved and it was not necessary to implant total endoprosthesis. CONCLUSION: We consider the transtrochanteric rotational osteootomy, section after Sugioka, as one of the possible treatments in mid-aged patients. Our effort is to perform joint-saving operations in order to postpone the implantation of total endoprosthesis. (Fig. 10, Ref. 13.)

Female↗
PubMed2002

[Atlanto-axial rotation dislocation (case report)].

The authors present a female patient 45 years old, who had a car accident as a driver of a passenger car. Her car was hit from the left side by another car and the women hurt her head, neck and left shoulder. Due to pain in the region of the head and neck she was taken to the respective surgical out-patient department where they diagnosed the concussion of the brain of II degree and distortion of the cervical spine. The patient was treated conservatively by bed rest with the cervical spine fixed in the soft Schanz collar. After ten days she was discharged from the hospital and further followed up by a neurologist in the out-patient department. She underwent physical therapy focussed on the relaxation of muscles in the region of the cervical spine. Due to persisting pain in the region of upper cervical spine the patient was sent to the department of the first author six weeks after the injury. On clinical examination the head was inclined to the right and rotated to the left with pain in the region of the occipitocervical passage. Radiographs were made in the lateral and Sandberg projection. In the lateral projection the atlantodental distance was normal, the Sandberg projection showed an evidently asymmetrical location of the dens between the lateral masses of the atlas, asymmetrical size of the lateral masses and inclination of the head to the left. These basic projections alone showed an evident rotational atlantoaxial dislocation of I degree according to Fielding. The authors further added CT examination which showed rotation of C1 against C2 and asymmetrical location of the dens without dislocation from the anterior arch of the atlas. A conservative physical therapy was not successful and the patient felt worse. Twelve months after the injury a pre-operative traction by Glisson sling was introduced for five days with a gradual weight bearing up to 5 kg. A reduction followed from the dorsal approach and fixation of C1-C2 after Magerl combined with Gallie technique. The surgery was without complications and the post-operative radiographs showed a good position of the C1-C2 complex and a correct insertion of screws through atlantoaxial joints. The patient wore for six weeks a Philadelphia collar and another six weeks the Schanz collar. Standard and functional radiographs in flexion and extension made 12 weeks after the surgery showed bone bridging between C1-C2 arches and a stable atlantoaxial fusion. At the check one year after the surgery the patient had a limited rotation of the head by 25%, however, she was without pain and the inclination and rotation of the head was compensated. In the authors' view the use of Magerl technique of C1-C2 fixation is possible in case of a rotational atlantoaxial dislocation but difficult with regard to the changed anatomical conditions.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗
PubMed2002

Twenty-year evaluation of the New Jersey LCS Rotating Platform Knee Replacement.

Clinical results of the initial cemented and cementless series of 233 New Jersey Low Contact Stress Rotating Platform Knee Replacements in 184 patients surviving at least 10 years were analyzed using a strict knee scoring scale. The study showed excellent (46.7%) and good (53.3%) results in primary cemented rotating platform knee replacements, and excellent (68.1%), good (29.8%), and fair (2.1%) results in primary cementless rotating platform knee replacements. Radiographic evaluation at a minimum 10-year follow-up showed stable fixation of all components, no gross migration but significant osteolysis requiring bearing exchange, and bone grafting in three cementless rotating platform knee replacements (1.8%) in three patients who underwent previous surgeries at an average 10.2 years from the index surgery. Survivorship of the patients who underwent primary cemented rotating platform knee replacements with end points of revision for any mechanical reason or a poor clinical knee score was 97.7% at 10 and 20 years. Survivorship of the patients who underwent cementless rotating platform knee replacements with end points of revision for any mechanical reason or a poor clinical knee score was 98.3% at 10 and 18 years.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Changes in abduction and rotation range of motion in response to simulated dorsal and ventral translational mobilization of the glenohumeral joint.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Translational mobilization techniques are frequently used by physical therapists as an intervention for patients with limited ranges of motion (ROMs). However, concrete experimental support for such practice is lacking. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of simulated dorsal and ventral translational mobilization (DTM and VTM) of the glenohumeral joint on abduction and rotational ROMs. METHODS: Fourteen fresh frozen shoulder specimens from 5 men and 3 women (mean age=77.3 years, SD=10.1, range=62-91) were used for this study. Each specimen underwent 5 repetitions of DTM and VTM in the plane of scapula simulated by a material testing system (MTS) in the resting position (40 of abduction in neutral rotation) and at the end range of abduction with 100 N of force. Abduction and rotation were assessed as the main outcome measures before and after each mobilization procedure performed and monitored by the MTS (abduction, 4 N m) and by a servomotor attached to the piston of the actuator of the MTS (medial and lateral rotation, 2 N m). RESULTS: There were increases in abduction ROM for both DTM (mean=2.10 , SD=1.76 ) and VTM (mean=2.06 , SD=1.96 ) at the end-range position. No changes were found in the resting position following the same procedure. Small increases were also found in lateral rotation ROM after VTM in the resting position (mean=0.90 , SD=0.92 , t=3.65, P=.003) and in medial rotation ROM after DTM (mean=0.97 , SD=1.45 , t=2.51, P=.026) at the end range of abduction. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results indicate that both DTM and VTM procedures applied at the end range of abduction improved glenohumeral abduction range of motion. Whether these changes would result in improved function could not be determined because of the use of a cadaver model.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical usefulness of unsubtracted 3D digital angiography compared with rotational digital angiography in the pretreatment evaluation of intracranial aneurysms.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is useful as a supplement to 2D DSA in the pretreatment evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. However, the clinical efficacy of 3D digital angiography (DA) that is generated from unsubtracted rotational images has not been established. The purpose of this study was to assess whether 3D DA provides additional useful information to that of rotational DA in the preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: This prospective study comprised 23 patients (age range, 37-83 years) with ruptured aneurysms who underwent angiography. Two radiologists independently evaluated the rotational DA images and the maximum intensity projection, shaded surface display, and volume-rendering 3D DA images, in combination with 2D DSA images. A four-point scoring system was used to evaluate aneurysm detection and delineation. Referring neurosurgeons were questioned as to whether the information obtained with 3D DA was useful for treatment decisions. RESULTS: Thirty aneurysms were confirmed by surgery or endovascular treatment. In detection and delineation of the 30 confirmed aneurysms, overall mean scores were highest with volume-rendering 3D DA and lowest with rotational DA. Compared with rotational DA, volume-rendering 3D DA demonstrated 27 additional findings in 14 (47%) of 30 aneurysms: detection of an aneurysm (n = 2), and delineation of aneurysm neck, shape, and relationship to adjacent arteries (n = 25). The information provided by 3D DA was useful for following treatment in five (22%) of 23 patients. CONCLUSION: In the preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms, 3D DA can provide additional useful information to that of rotational DA.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Study and clinical application of auto-compressive and anti-rotate intramedullary nail].

OBJECTIVE: To design an auto-compressive and anti-rotate intramedullary nail (ACACIN) and to evaluate the preliminary clinical efficacy on fixing adult femur fracture. METHODS: From January 1998 to June 2001, 23 patients with femur fracture were stabilized with auto-compressive and anti-rotate intramedullary nail. 2-4 elastic blocks were installed into the proximal and distal different distance of quincunx nail to defend rotate and axis compress. RESULTS: Fracture healing were obtained in all 23 patients treated with auto-compressive and anti-rotate intramedullary nail, the time of fracture healing was 6-13 weeks in 21 cases and 15-22 weeks in 2 cases of old fracture. There was no complication related to infection, nail break, abnormal union and joint ankylosis. The results were excellent in 19 cases, good in 3 cases, and moderate in 1 case according Kolmert's criterion for function; the effective rate was 95.7%. CONCLUSION: Auto-compressive and anti-rotate intramedullary nail has a suitable radian for adult femur, can afford stable fixation, anti-rotate and axis compress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Dynamics of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in alfalfa-crop rotated farmland in semiarid area of Northwest China].

Pasture-crop rotation is regarded as a key planting system in the semiarid area of China's Loess Plateau. This paper studied the dynamics of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter within the two years of alfalfa-crop rotation. The results showed that in comparing with continuous alfalfa planting, alfalfa-crop rotation induced a decline of soil total nitrogen and organic matter contents by 5.4% and 19.5%, and 46.8% and 28.2%, respectively, in the first and second year, but no significant difference was found in soil total phosphorus. Soil nutrient availability was improved due to the rotation. In the first and second year of rotation, soil nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus contents increased by 15.5% and 159.1%, and 44.5% and 48.0%, respectively. Planting spring wheat could maintain soil fertility, the second was fallow and planting potato, while planting corn accelerated the depletion of soil total nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus. As a result, in the alfalfa-crop rotation, planting spring wheat could be more available to the maintenance of soil fertility.

Biomass↗
PubMed2006

Head rotation during vertical impact predicted using initial head angle and anthropometry.

INTRODUCTION: Dynamic inertial loading to the head and neck complex, similar to what is experienced during the rocket boost phase of pilot ejection, results in diverse kinematic responses when observed in live human volunteers. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model of head rotation during the compressive phase of pilot ejection. METHODS: Post hoc analyses were conducted on data from two previous experimental studies. This analysis included observing 138 tests involving 27 human volunteers (both men and women) where the various kinematic responses were categorized into five modes based on the location of primary rotation and the direction of head rotation. Several statistical methods (logistic regression, linear regression, and Fisher's Exact test) were employed to evaluate the influence of independent variables, body anthropometry, and initial head angle on dependent variables head acceleration and direction of head rotation. RESULTS: Statistical results of this data indicated that initial head position and body anthropometry are significant factors with respect to head response during the compressive phase of an ejection. Two statistical tools were developed; one to assist in predicting the location of primary head rotation, and the other to predict the direction of head rotation. DISCUSSION: By using the two statistical tools together, a simplified method was developed for predicting the modes of head response to vertical impact based on initial position and anthropometry. The results of this study show the importance of initial position prior to an ejection and may assist in identifying individuals at greater risk of injury during an ejection.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2006

[The application of three dimensional analysis system in measuring rotation angles of thumb carpometacarpal joints].

OBJECTIVE: To measure the axial rotation angles of the carpometacarpal joints during the digital opposition of thumb-index finger, thumb-medial finger, thumb-ring finger, thumb-little finger and the thumb's maximal opposition, then the application of these parameters were studied. METHODS: Twenty neutrality-occupation volunteers (female 10, male 10) with no history of hand injuries or related diseases were involved in the study. First, all the markers' 3-D coordinates were obstained using the 3D motion analysis system (EVaRT4.1) during the digital opposition movements of thumb. Then, the axial rotation angles were calculated. RESULTS: The average rotation angles of carpometacarpal joints during all kinds of digital oppositions were 29.1 degrees +/- 9.4 degrees (male), 24.8 degrees +/- 10.2 degrees (female), while the maximal rotation angles are: 35.3 degrees (male), 28.8 degrees (female). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of video-based 3-D analysis system and mathematics make it possible to measure the axial rotation angles of thumb in vivo, as a result, the rotation angles of thumb carpometacarpal joints are measured precisely for the first time. These results can provide a few parameters for treatment and rehabilitation of carpometacarpal arthrositis.

Adult↗