Human intestinal disaccharidase activity. II. Diseases of the small intestine and deficiency states.
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Twenty-three patients (13 women and ten men, 33 to 73 years old) underwent reconstruction of 33 major splanchnic arteries for relief of symptomatic intestinal ischemia. All patients experienced postprandial abdominal pain and lost weight (average, 12.8 kg). Arterial reconstructions (32 bypass procedures and one endarterectomy with patch-graft arterioplasty) were undertaken with both autogenous saphenous vein (24) and prosthetic condults (nine). Revascularizations involved the superior mesenteric (21), celiac (five), hepatic (four), splenic (two), and inferior mesenteric (one) arteries. There were four postoperative deaths; three occurred after emergent secondary attempts at intestinal revascularization. All of the 19 patients who survived benefited from operative intervention.
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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has long been recognized as the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease of sheep, cattle and other ruminants. Mycobacterial cells are extremely hardy, and proteomic analyses require the use of harsh conditions to effect their disruption. We compared the effectiveness of bead beating and sonication as cell lysis methods for the extraction of the proteomes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Broad and narrow range two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to compare the numbers of silver stained protein spots that were observed in mycobacterial lysates. Despite differences in the yield of total protein from either species, and at different ages, the two methods appeared to give similar representations of the mycobacterial proteomes analyzed. Bead beating therefore represents a rapid and effective method of extracting the proteomes of mycobacterial species without the risks associated with an open tube sonication procedure.
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