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PubMed1981

Halogenated analgesics and hepatotoxicity.

The otherwise safe and useful anaesthetic halothane has been suspected of producing the occasional complication of hepatic necrosis, ascribed either to a drug allergy or to biotransformation to reactive intermediates. Several characteristics, such as middle age, obesity and multiple administrations of the anaesthetic, seem to put the patient at higher risk. The diagnosis of anaesthetic-induced jaundice is still one of exclusion, however, and this rare problem is felt to be overdiagnosed.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1994

Halogenated isoniazid derivatives as possible antimycobacterial and anti-HIV agents--III.

As part of a research directed to the synthesis of novel isoniazid derivatives with potential activity on mycobacteria and HIV virus, the acetophenone-isonicotinoylhydrazones 3 and the 4-aryl-1-methoxy-1-(4-pyridyl)- 2,3-diaza-1,3-butadienes 5, obtained by reaction between isonicotinoylhydrazones and diazomethane, have been prepared and tested for such activities. Both classes of derivatives showed interesting growth inhibitory activity on non-tubercular mycobacteria, including the emerging M. avium. Such activity appears to be linked to fluorine and/or chlorine presence on benzene rings. In contrast, none of the compounds submitted to the anti-AIDS in vitro screening, displayed any protection against HIV-1 virus-induced cytopathic effect in T4-lymphocyte cell lines.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Hepatotoxicity of halogenated inhalational anesthetics studied in rats hepatocytes].

Effects of 2% halothane, 1.5% sevoflurane, 1.5% enflurane, and 1.2% isoflurane on hepatic dysfunction were studied using rat hepatocytes incubated in media containing 95% or 5% O2. The effects of anesthetics on hepatic perfusion were eliminated by incubation of hepatocytes for 45 minutes with each combination of anesthetic and oxygen concentration. After incubation, viability of hepatocytes was assayed by the LDH latency test. Enzyme (GPT, GOT, LDH) activities, lactate concentration and pyruvate concentration in the incubation medium were measured. The concentrations of adenine nucleotides and inorganic phosphorous in the liver were determined. Anesthetics administered in 95% O2 did not produce significant decreases in viability and enzyme release compared to 95% O2 alone. Halothane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane administered in 5% O2 produced significant decreases in viability and enzyme releases compared to 95% O2 alone. In groups administered 95% O2 there was a significant relationship between viability and energy charge in hepatocytes (P < 0.01). In the 5% O2 groups, there were significant relationships between viability and ATP in hepatocytes (P < 0.01) or L/P ratio in incubation medium (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the combination of anesthetics and hypoxia produce hepatotoxicity. Destruction of energy status might be the cause of hepatotoxicity.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗