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At least 1,693 records · Page 94Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Allergic contact dermatitis in the United Arab Emirates.

BACKGROUND: No data exist on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). AIM: Our aim was threefold: (i) to determine the incidence of ACD; (ii) to identify responsible allergens using the European Standard Series, TRUE TEST, and other substances; (iii) to tentatively explore population-specific reactions in Al Ain, UAE. DESIGN: This is a prospective, descriptive, hospital-based, study. SETTING: Tawam Hospital, Al Ain Medical District, UAE. PATIENTS: During the years 1989-1996, 373 patients (male: female = 2 : 3), presenting with cutaneous manifestations possibly related to contact allergy, were patch tested. RESULTS: 93.8% of patients presented with dermatitis affecting mostly the hands (45.1%), feet (21.4%), face (12.6%), and legs (4.6%). Two hundred and twenty-four patients (60%) (male : female = 1 : 2) tested positive for at least one substance. Nickel was the commonest sensitizer (15%) in both genders. "Fragrance mix" (8%), p-tertiary butylphenolformaldehyde (p-TBPF) resin (7.5%), thiomersal (7.5%), chromium (7.2%), cobalt (6.4%), ethylenediamine (6.4%), neomycin (5.1%), and parabens (5.1%) were prominent allergens. Glutardialdehyde, an additional substance tested together with the European Standard Series, scored significantly (4.8%). Variations from the results reported from other countries may be explained by the specific lifestyles and customs of the UAE population. CONCLUSIONS: Substances contained in the TRUE TEST, plus glutardialdehyde, may be considered as the standard series for patch testing in the UAE population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

["Gout tophi" and heart disease in the family].

A 35-year old man immigrated from Indonesia presented with "gout tophi" at his hands and lower extremities. Mother, aunt and uncle of this patient also suffered from "gout tophi" as well as a heart disease not exactly known to the patient. Clinical investigation was suspicious for tendon xanthomas and revealed arcus lipoides corneae of both eyes. Total cholesterol was 10.5 mmol/l and HDL cholesterol was 0.8 mmol/l. Genetic investigation showed heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, i.e., heterozygous mutation of the gene encoding the LDL receptor protein. The patient was treated with atorvastatin 20 mg daily and a low cholesterol diet. Total cholesterol decreased to 6.5 mmol/l and HDL cholesterol increased to 1.5 mmol/l within 2-month treatment. We recommended the determination of serum lipids in further members of this family and genetic evaluation of the patient's children with regard to the mutation identified.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Hand-foot syndrome variant in a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase-deficient patient treated with capecitabine.

We present a case with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency that manifested a variant of hand-foot syndrome (HFS). A 52-year-old man received capecitabine for adjuvant treatment of rectal cancer. On the ninth day of the first cycle, he presented to the clinic with a rash on the dorsum of both hands accompanied by symptoms of pain, erythema, swelling, and desquamation consistent with grade 3 HFS. The palms of his hands and soles of his feet were only tender with no apparent rash or discoloration. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity was evaluated by radio assay using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity was below normal: 0.12 nmol/minute/mg protein. Capecitabine was not resumed, and the rash resolved in 3 weeks with the use of pyridoxine and Udderly Smooth balm. Interestingly, HFS is rarely seen with 5-fluorouracil regimens containing selective DPD-inhibitors. This patient with DPD deficiency manifested a variant of HFS. The pharmacologic basis for the development of HFS in DPD-deficient patients warrants further investigation. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, if undiagnosed, can lead to death. In addition to severe to life-threatening toxicities akin to 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine can lead to unusual variants of common toxicities, including HFS, in DPD-deficient patients.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of 8-MOP aqueous bath and 8-MOP ethanolic lotion (Meladinine) in local PUVA therapy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Local PUVA (psoralen plus UVA light) is an effective outpatient treatment for patients with palmoplantar eczema or psoriasis. In this study, the efficacy, applicability and patient acceptance of two local forms of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) PUVA therapy were compared. METHODS: The study design was a left-right comparison (n = 37): the left hand or foot was treated with (aqueous) 8-MOP bath PUVA whereas the right received (ethanolic) 8-MOP lotion PUVA. After 1 month, the more successful treatment was continued on both sides until lesions cleared. RESULTS: Both therapies were effective and both useful for particular clinical applications: patients with erosive lesions and rhagades appreciated the gentleness of bath PUVA. Those with pustules or hyperkeratotic lesions appreciated the greater effectiveness of 8-MOP lotion PUVA. The total UVA dose and number of sessions to clearance were smaller with 8-MOP lotion. There was no difference in the length of the relapse-free period. Therapy nonresponders usually became apparent within the first 12 sessions. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between bath PUVA and lotion PUVA can be described as 'gentle' versus 'strong' therapy. The better therapy depends on clinical indication.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of therapy refractory verrucae vulgares with a ciclopirox-containing lacquer].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Anti-inflammatory actions of ciclopirox, an antifungal agent, have been described previously. We assessed the effectiveness of ciclopirox in the treatment of viral warts. PATIENTS/METHODS: Twenty-three immunocompetent patients (age 9-61 years) with common warts at the hands, feet and in the face resistant to conventional therapy were treated. Following keratolysis with a salicylic acid-containing patch, an 8% ciclopirox lacquer was applied 1-2 times daily. At the beginning and the end of the treatment lesions were photographed and the time span (minimum 4 weeks) until complete resolution was documented. RESULTS: In 7 patients complete remission, and in 12 patients partial remission was achieved. Only 4 patients did not show any effect under topical ciclopirox treatment (mean duration of therapy 3.2 +/- 2.1 months). The overall response rate was 82.6%. Local side effects like erythema or pruritus were not reported. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that a ciclopirox lacquer may be helpful in the treatment of common warts. However, the data have to be confirmed in a randomized controlled trial in the future.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

A questionnaire study of road pavers' and roofers' work-related skin symptoms and bitumen exposure.

BACKGROUND: Skin contact with the components in asphalt and bitumen can lead to irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, but few data are available in the dermatologic literature on the skin symptoms caused by work with bitumen. In addition, working methods have changed markedly during recent decades. METHODS: A questionnaire was delivered to 50 roofers and 101 road pavers. The questionnaire dealt with skin symptoms, symptoms caused by solvent products, the use of personal protection, smoking, eating habits, work conditions, changing and cleaning of overalls, etc. RESULTS: Forty-eight per cent of the road pavers and 58% of the roofers responded to the questionnaire. Relatively high percentages of work-induced skin irritation were reported by both the roofers (44%) and the road pavers (31%); 22% of the road pavers had dermatitis often or sometimes compared with 15% of the roofers. The hands, arms, face, and lower extremities were the most common sites affected. In addition to bitumen products, the road pavers considered amine adhesion-improving agents for paving and naphtha and solvents used in machine repairs, to be the main causes of their skin symptoms. The skin problems of the roofers were caused by man-made mineral fibers, cutback bitumen, and hot bitumen burns. CONCLUSIONS: Roofers endure greater exposure to chemicals than road pavers. Certain components, e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bitumen, can be absorbed through the skin. Skin exposure should be lowered by keeping the tools, working clothes, shoes, and gloves clean. Overalls and gloves are recommended to be changed at least once a week. Water laundering is not sufficient in dissolving bitumen from overalls and underwear. Cleaning the skin with solvents or naphtha is not recommended, as they are skin irritants.

Alkanes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Andrews' pustular bacterids of hands and feet; Sachs' acrodermatitis pustulosa perstans. Histological study (author's transl)].

Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris chronica et recidivans (pustular bacterid of Andrews) is not an exceptional disease. Its characteristic histological structure is to be considered as a major element of the diagnosis. The fully developed pustule is an oval cavity with transverse long axis, entirely situated within a loca-ly hyperplastic epidermis. Its formation goes through several stages. The first one is spongiosis appearing in the epidermis above the top of a dermal papilla. This gives rise to a vesicle filled with fluid and mononuclear leucocytes. In the next stage, the roof consisting of the malpighian layers is disrupted, and the vesicular fluid comes into contact with the horny layer. There is massive invasion of the cavity by polymorphonuclear leucocytes which penetrate into the intercellular spaces of the vesicle wall, where pictures of spongiform pustules are seen. The initial vesicle, and the late, secundary appearance of the spongiform aspects demonstrate that the mechanism of formation of the lesion of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris chronica et recidivans is different from the one of psoriasis pustulosa palmo-plantaris and that, consequently, these are two different diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Allergic contact dermatitis from salicyl alcohol and salicylaldehyde in aspen bark (Populus tremula).

Salicyl alcohol or 2-methylolphenol is a well-known allergen in phenol-formaldehyde resins and a strong sensitizer in guinea pigs. There is 1 previous report of allergic contact dermatitis from salicyl alcohol in aspen bark. We describe a second case with concomitant allergy to salicylaldehyde. An elk researcher who had handled leaves from various trees presented with eczema of the hands, face, flexures, trunk and extremities. Patch testing showed sensitivity to salicyl alcohol, salicylaldehyde, balsam of Peru (Myroxylon pereirae resin), aspen wood dust and an extract prepared from the bark of aspen (Populus tremula). Weaker reactions were observed to bark extracts of rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), tea-leaved willow (Salix phylicifolia) and goat willow (Salix caprea). We analysed salicyl alcohol and salicylaldehyde in the bark extracts and found the 2 chemicals in equal amounts, about 0.9 microg/mg in aspen bark and in lower concentrations in rowan and the willows. We did not find either of the chemicals in the test substance of balsam of Peru (Myroxylon pereirae). Besides salicyl alcohol, salicylaldehyde is also recommended to be used to screen for contact allergy to aspen. Both of these chemicals should be tested in forest workers in areas where aspen is growing.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed2004

Type IV hypersensitivity from rubber chemicals: a 15-year experience in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis from rubber chemicals is frequent but has not been reported form Asia. OBJECTIVE: To study the pattern of type IV allergy to rubber chemicals in a Chinese-based population. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the patch test results of 2,235 (604 men, 1,631 women) patients from January 1986 to December 2000. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients (4.4%) had one or more positive reactions, 42 (6.9%) men and 57 (3.5%) women. The incidence did not increase throughout the study period. Among thiuram, mercapto, carba and black-rubber mix, thiuram is the most potent sensitizer, mostly for the hand and mercapto mix for the foot. Thiuram allergy is considered occupation related, while mercapto allergy, mostly from rubber slippers, is not typically related to an occupation. A negative correlation between thiuram and carba was found despite the frequent association between these two mixes. A high risk of rubber sensitization was noted in construction, health service, transportation, agriculture and hairdressing workers. A high frequency of concomitant sensitivity to cobalt was found. CONCLUSION: This is the first statistically analyzed study of rubber chemical allergy in Asia, which supports major trends concerning rubber chemical allergy from European studies. However, wearing rubber slippers in Taiwan contributes to the high percentage of foot dermatitis. Carba should still be retained in the European standard series because of the coexistence of thiuram and carba in rubber products. The concomitant sensitization to cobalt in rubber-allergic patients needs further evaluations.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Expression of heat shock protein 27 in chromomycosis.

We report on a 58-year-old woman with long-lasting (36 years) chromomycosis on the foot and secondary self-inoculation from foot to hand 4 years ago. Mycological classification was performed after culture on Sabouraud glucose agar. We used haematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa staining and an antibody to heat shock protein (HSP) 27 (Stress Gen, Clone G3.1) on paraffin-embedded and cryostat specimens of chromomycosis. The mycological culture revealed the fungus Fonsecaea pedosoi. Histopathology revealed dermal fibrosis with persistent fungi (Medlar bodies), numerous mast cells and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Immunohistochemically, HSP 27 was positively identified in F. pedrosoi. Moreover, in differentiating keratinocytes in the pseudoepitheliomatous lesions of chromomycosis, HSP 27 was increasingly expressed from basal layers to stratum spinosum in the epidermis but not in keratinocytes directly bordering Medlar bodies. In chromomycosis, HSP 27 is expressed, in accordance with its role as a marker of differentiation and proliferation, in keratinocytes and also in F. pedrosoi. It remains unknown if these results might explain the therapeutic efficacy of hyperthermic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antineoplastic therapy-induced palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia ('hand-foot') syndrome. Incidence, recognition and management.

Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) is a distinctive and relatively frequent toxic reaction related to some chemotherapeutic agents. Doxorubicin, cytarabine, docetaxel, and fluorouracil are the most frequently implicated agents. PPE seems to be dose dependent and both peak drug concentration and total cumulative dose determine its occurrence. PPE presents as a painful erythema, often preceded by paresthesia, located on the palms and soles in the context of treatment with chemotherapy. Histologically, PPE shows few specific findings. Mild spongiosis, scattered necrotic and dyskeratotic keratinocytes and vacuolar degeneration of the basal layer is seen. Dermal changes in most cases include dilated blood vessels, papillary edema, and a sparse superficial perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate can be found in varying degrees in the epidermis. Withdrawal or dose reduction of the implicated drug usually gives rise to amelioration of the symptoms. Supportive treatments such as topical wound care, elevation, and cold compresses may help to relieve the pain. Use of systemic corticosteroids, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), blood flow reduction, and, recently, topical 99% dimethyl-sulfoxide have been used with variable outcomes. It could be of interest to consider them as preventive measures when drugs with a strong association with PPE are going to be administered.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Pain induced by photodynamic therapy of warts.

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), followed by irradiation with red light (ALA-PDT), is used for non-melanoma skin cancer and other dermatological diseases. Pain during and after light exposure is a well-known adverse advent that may be a limiting factor for treatment, particularly, in viral warts. METHODS: To assess the pain induced by ALA-PDT, we asked 45 patients enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with six consecutive ALA- and placebo-PDT treatments for recalcitrant foot and hand warts to fill in questionnaires about pain immediately and 24 h after each treatment. RESULTS: Immediately and 24 h after each of the six treatments, pain intensity was significantly higher in warts treated with ALA-PDT than in warts treated with placebo-PDT (P<0.028). Severe or unbearable pain was reported from a median of 17% (6-31%) of the ALA -treated warts and from a median of 2% (0-15%) from the placebo-treated warts immediately after the treatments. With increasing treatments, no significant change in pain intensity was observed and no significant relation was found between the pain intensity and the relative change in wart area. The pain was primarily characterized as burning and shooting. The pain lasted about 30 h (range: 1-96 h). CONCLUSION: We conclude that pain induced by ALA-PDT is of such intensity in about one-fifth of the warts that pain relief is indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Type III and type IV hypersensitivity reactions due to mitomycin C.

A 71-year-old man developed an exfoliative dermatitis of the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, and a generalized itch, during treatment with intravesical instillations of mitomycin C for an undifferentiated carcinoma of the bladder. Patch tests with mitomycin C 0.03%, 0.1% and 0.3% aq. were positive. Because of the serious consequences of this finding, the patient was retested with mitomycin C in pet. (same concentrations), a more stable preparation. This showed clear positive reactions. During this last series of patch tests, he developed palpable purpura on the legs. We postulated that this reaction was an immune-complex-mediated reaction, caused by the 2nd series of patch tests with mitomycin C. To prove this, we performed histopathological and immunofluorescence investigations, and these showed the reaction to be consistent with Henoch-Schonlein-type purpura. We therefore conclude that this patient developed systemic reactions to mitomycin C, characterized by an eczematous dermatitis as well as purpuric reactions. The intravesical installations with mitomycin C have been stopped. The patient's skin problems (the purpura as well as the eczema) have completely resolved and have not recurred.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed2005

A case of mixed bullous disease of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and linear IgA bullous dermatosis.

A 75-year-old Japanese male visited us with bullous eruptions on the extremities. Physical examination revealed large bullae on the hands, lower legs and feet. The oral mucosa was also involved. Histology disclosed subepidermal blister with inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of IgG and IgA at the cutaneous basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence on 1 M NaCl-split human skin sections demonstrated that the patient's IgG antibodies reacted with the dermal side of the split, while IgA antibodies reacted with the epidermal side. Immunoblotting showed that the patient's serum reacted with the NC1 domain of type VII collagen (290-kDa epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen) as well as the 120-kDa linear IgA bullous dermatosis antigen, LAD-1. Systemic prednisolone resulted in a favorable response. From the clinicopathological findings, the present case is not consistent with either epidermolysis bullosa acquisita or IgA bullous dermatosis. Therefore, we regarded the case as mixed bullous disease of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and linear IgA bullous dermatosis. Such a case has not been previously reported.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

The juvenile variant of papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome and its association with viral infections.

BACKGROUND: Papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome (PPGSS) occurs mostly in adults and has been shown to be related to several possible viral infections. However, childhood-onset PPGSS seems to be not so rare as previously thought in our clinical experience. OBJECTIVES: To survey the general characteristics of childhood-onset PPGSS and to determine the possible association between this juvenile variant of PPGSS and various viral infections. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three children with erythematopurpuric papular eruptions on the hands and/or feet were enrolled. Detailed history-taking and physical examination were performed on all of them. Blood samples were obtained from 25 patients about 1-5 weeks after the appearance of cutaneous eruptions to check complete blood counts, differential white blood cell counts, and IgM and IgG antibodies to parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus (CMV), viral capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and measles. RESULTS: The median age of these 33 patients was 23 months. The mean duration of the skin eruption was 4.8 weeks (SD 2.7, 95% CI 3.9-5.0). Lymphocytosis was present in 13 patients (52%) while mild eosinophilia occurred in only three patients (12%). Five patients (20%) were positive for IgM antibodies against CMV and seven (28%) were positive for IgM antibodies against EBV. Only one patient (4%) was detected to have IgM antibodies against parvovirus B19. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood-onset PPGSS shows somewhat different clinical features from the adult type. It may represent a nonspecific manifestation of several viral infections, including CMV, EBV and parvovirus B19 infections.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1995

Liposomal doxorubicin: antitumor activity and unique toxicities during two complementary phase I studies.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our studies was to define the maximal-tolerated dose of liposomal doxorubicin (DOX-SL; Liposome Technology Inc, Menlo Park, CA), a doxorubicin formulation of polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes, characterize the toxicities associated with this formulation, and evaluate any indication of antitumor activity within a phase I setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two separate phase I studies were conducted following the initial human pharmacokinetic testing at one of the sites (Hadassah). The starting dose of 20 mg/m2 at the University of Southern California was just below the dose without toxicity in the pharmacokinetic study. At Hadassah, the phase I starting dose was just above their earlier safe single doses, 60 mg/m2. Both studies involved cohorts of at least three patients and redosing every 3 to 4 weeks. To determine the recommended dose for phase II trials, an additional level of 50 mg/m2 every 3 weeks was explored, and the level of 60 mg/m2 every 4 weeks was expanded. RESULTS: A total of 56 patients receiving 281 courses of DOX-SL was accrued and evaluated for toxicity. Hand-foot (H-F) syndrome and stomatitis are the two main dose-limiting factors of DOX-SL. Stomatitis was dose-limiting for high single doses of DOX-SL greater than 70 mg/m2. Skin toxicity manifested primarily as H-F syndrome was dose-limiting for repetitive dosing, but acceptable at either 50 mg/m2 every 3 weeks or 60 mg/m2 every 4 weeks. Attenuation of acute subjective symptoms and lack of alopecia were generally observed. Patients with carcinomas of the breast, ovary, prostate, and head and neck were among those showing objective antitumor responses or improvement based, in part, on blood levels of tumor markers. CONCLUSION: The toxicity profile of DOX-SL differs prominently from that of the free drug administered by bolus or rapid infusion and with some differences, resembles that of prolonged continuous infusion. This finding, as well as the antitumor activity observed, supports wide phase II testing of DOX-SL in solid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Efficacy and tolerance of terbinafine (Lamisil) in a series of 50 cases of dermatophyte onychomycoses].

Terbinafine is an antifungal agent of the allylamine class, which is fungicidal when administered per os. Because of its pharmacokinetic properties, terbinafine proved successful in onychomycoses. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of terbinafine efficacy and tolerance in dermatophyte onychomycoses, in a monocenter open study. Fifty patients have been treated with 250 mg terbinafine daily. Feet were involved in 43 cases, hands and feet in 6 cas, and hand alone in 1 case. Trichophyton rubrum has been isolated in 46 malades, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 4 patients. The severity of onychomycoses has been evaluated as follows: involvement of the first toenail (44 cases), total involvement of the nail plate (38 cases), ineffective or non tolerated previous antifungal treatments (37 cases), chronic evolution (mean duration 6.5 years), multiple nails involved (average 6). The mean duration of treatment was 22.2 weeks (range 4 to 8 months). Mycological cure rate was 92 p. 100, and complete cure rate was 86 p. 100. The mean time to mycological cure was 22.4 weeks and the mean time to complete cure was 31.5 weeks. Tolerance was good: minor side effects were noted in 3 patients, and 1 developed reversible agueusia; a moderate elevation of ALAT and ASAT occurred in 1 case. Other drugs were simultaneously administered in 15 patients: no side effects due to drug interactions have been observed. Terbinafine proved highly successful and well tolerated even in those onychomycoses which were difficult to treat. High cure rates were obtained with an average of 5 month-treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Treatment of chronic palmoplantar eczema with local bath-PUVA therapy.

BACKGROUND: Systemic PUVA therapy may be useful in the treatment of chronic palmoplantar eczema. Topical PUVA-paint avoids some of the unwanted side effects of systemic psoralens and has been used successfully in the treatment of palmoplantar eczema and psoriasis. However, few data are available on the effectiveness of local bath-PUVA therapy in palmoplantar eczema. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the effectiveness of local bath-PUVA therapy in 28 patients with chronic palmar or plantar eczema or both who were resistant to conventional topical treatment. METHODS: After fungal or bacterial infection had been excluded in all patients, hands or feet or both were soaked for 15 minutes in warm water containing 1 mg/L 8-methoxypsoralen. Immediately after, the skin was irradiated with increasing doses of UVA, starting with 0.5 J/cm2. PUVA-bath therapy was performed 4 times a week up to a total of 25 treatments. No additional therapy was allowed except emollients. RESULTS: Excellent or good effects were achieved in 93% of the patients with dyshidrotic and in 86% of the patients with hyperkeratotic eczema. In the patients with dyshidrotic eczema, the cumulative doses and the highest single doses of UVA were lower than those in the patients with hyperkeratotic eczema (21.4 vs 27.9 J/cm2 and 2.4 vs 3.0 J/cm2 of UVA), but this was not statistically significant. No phototoxic reactions were observed. CONCLUSION: Local bath-PUVA therapy is of value in the management of chronic palmoplantar eczema resistant to standard modes of topical treatment. Compared with topical PUVA-paint, local bath-PUVA therapy has several advantages, particularly the absence of phototoxic reactions, severe hyperpigmentation, and protracted photosensitivity.

Adolescent↗