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Physical exercise program for children with bronchial asthma.

A long-term physical exercise program was established for a large number of children with bronchial asthma. Asthmatic children were first taught to swim on their backs to prevent breathing problems customary for beginners using other strokes. They concurrently participated in gymnasium exercises, and the program was later completed with outdoor running. Program effectiveness was evaluated by monitoring asthmatic symptoms, changes in medication, and changes in the activity and physical fitness of the children. Data collected from 121 children showed that during the first year in the program the number of days with asthmatic symptoms decreased in a large majority of the patients while medication was decreased. School absenteeism and hospitalization dropped markedly. Parental evaluation of the children indicated much improvement in 51.2%, improvement in 40.5%, unchanged condition in 7.4%, and deterioration of general health was only reported in one child (0.8%). The same extent of improvement continued during the second year. The Cooper test was applied for the first time to such an exercise program and indicated that the participating asthmatic children performed as well as a control group of nonasthmatic children, and the cardiovascular efficiency of the asthmatics was actually better.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Motor behavior underlying the control of an upside-down vertical posture.

The present study examines the control of equilibrium by trained acrobats standing balanced upside-down on their hands. The focus of the experiment was to analyze the postural attitudes of various body segments and the underlying motor activity, and to evaluate the influence of vision. We found a strong correlation between the motor activity of two antagonist muscles of the forearm and the anteriorposterior position of the center of gravity. The upside-down standing posture was most stable when the neck was dorsiflexed, indicating that the tonic neck reflex and the tonic labyrinthine reflex play an important role in the stability of this posture. Comparison between known data about the normal standing posture, on the feet, and the upside-down standing posture, on the hands, shows that motor behavior of the two postures is similarly organized.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1977

[The lateral tension band--a method of osteosynthesis of patella fractures for immediate carrying capacity (author's transl)].

The tensions caused by means of flexors and tensors on the intact and by various procedures operated fractured patella have been determined. The disadvantages of the cerclage and the eccentric ventral tension band, both of them mainly usual, are exposed. Interfragmentary measurements of pression power in a corpse knee as well as breaking tests with a model patella and first experiences by operation with a new method confirm the reflexions. Principles for a modus of osteosynthesis for fractures of the patella are realized by the lateral tension-band. All loading inclined fragment distractive powers thereby are taken up by production a high-level interfragmentary compression, so that immediate postoperative loading is possible.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Which investigations are required in stress fracture of the great toe sesamoids?

For the athlete a stress fracture of the great toe sesamoid is an injury of fundamental significance. As radiographic findings and bone scintigraphy are not specific, these fractures have the longest delay between first symptoms and definitive diagnosis. Apart from magnetic resonance imaging, the only accurate investigation for early diagnosis is the longitudinal bone scan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Fitness changes of Naval women following aerobic based programs featuring calisthenic or circuit weight training exercises.

Two research investigations were undertaken to determine the effects of experimental aerobic/circuit weight training (A/CWT) and standard Navy aerobic/calisthenic (A/CAL) training on fitness parameters. Study I Subjects were 22 female officer and enlisted personnel aged 24 to 34 years (mean = 28.2). The women followed a 10-week A/CWT program working at an intensity of 60% of determined one repetition maximum (1RM). These women showed significant (p less than 0.05) improvements in dynamic muscular strength, muscular endurance, and stamina. Only upper torso static strength was unaffected by training. Study II Participants were 115 female recruits aged 17 to 34 years (mean = 20.4). They were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: 1) aerobic/calisthenic training (A/CAL) (N = 58); 2) aerobic/circuit weight training at 40% (A/CWT-40) of maximum strength determined for a single repetition (1RM) of the lifting exercises (N = 26); and 3) aerobic/circuit weight training at 70% (A/CWT-70) of determined 1RM (N = 30). Results showed that standard recruit A/CAL training did not significantly (p less than 0.05) enhance upper torso dynamic strength (except the lat-pulldown test) or stamina. A/CWT-70 elicited significantly (p less than 0.05) higher gains in several tests of upper torso strength than A/CAL or A/CWT-40. These results suggest that A/CWT offers a way to develop the required upper torso strength of Navy women.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ossification in the patellar tendon and patella alta following sports injuries in children. Complications of sleeve fractures after conservative treatment.

Two patients with sleeve fractures of the patella and tibial tuberosity respectively are described. Our two cases demonstrate that the diagnosis can be difficult; patella alta and ossification in the patellar tendon are complications of conservative treatment. Early diagnosis and operative reduction and fixation are mandatory.

Adolescent↗