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PubMed2006

Factors influencing implementation of the Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) Eat Smart School Nutrition Program in Texas.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate factors influencing the implementation of the Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) Eat Smart School Nutrition Program in Texas using data from the CATCH dissemination study. A mail survey was sent to school foodservice personnel (N = 213) who attended a CATCH training from August 2000 through January 2002. A response rate of 40% (n = 85) was achieved. The mean score for the percentage of CATCH Eat Smart guidelines implemented was 80.44. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for age and number of years employed in school foodservice, the following factors were significantly associated with the percentage of CATCH Eat Smart guidelines implemented: utility of CATCH and CATCH Eat Smart in meeting requirements for Coordinated School Health Programs (P = 0.006), school foodservice personnel's satisfaction with food made using the CATCH Eat Smart guidelines (P = 0.008), utility of CATCH in facilitating interschool communication about children's health (P = 0.019), and perceived student satisfaction with food made using the CATCH Eat Smart guidelines (P = 0.046). These results suggest that dissemination approaches for Coordinated School Health Programs should focus on ways to enhance program satisfaction, be consistent with legislated mandates, and increase interschool staff communication to increase program implementation by school foodservice personnel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Family caregivers' perceptions of barriers to and supports of participation in their children's out-of-home treatment.

OBJECTIVE: Although the importance of family caregivers' involvement in their children's mental health treatment is increasingly recognized, factors that influence caregivers' participation are not clearly understood. This study examined the views of family caregivers whose children received out-of-home treatment to determine the amount and types of family caregivers' participation in their children's treatment, the caregivers' perceptions of barriers and supports to participation, and the relationship of barriers and supports to caregivers' participation and satisfaction with care. METHODS: As part of a national survey, a subsample of 102 family caregivers from 31 states whose children were in a residential treatment center, psychiatric unit, or group home answered a questionnaire that included questions about their participation in their children's treatment and about barriers and supports to their participation. RESULTS: Family caregivers identified as barriers concrete factors such as cost of transportation and distance from service providers as well as more intangible factors such as lack of communication between staff members of different programs and negative attitudes of staff members. CONCLUSIONS: Programs seeking to create a more supportive environment for family caregivers' involvement in out-of-home care will need to seek out family members' perceptions of their experience with their children's treatment and their views about factors that would help increase their participation.

Attitude↗
PubMed1984

Sizes, laminar and topographic origins of cortical projections to the major divisions of the red nucleus in the monkey.

The retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to study the topographic and laminar origins of the cortical projections to the parvocellular and the magnocellular divisions of the red nucleus in Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis. Approximately 90% of the corticorubral projection is directed to the parvocellular division of the nucleus. Corticoparvocellular (CRp) neurons are pyramidally shaped, are smaller in size than corticospinal neurons, and are more numerous. They are found principally in sublamina Va of cytoarchitectonic areas 4 and 6, and in moderate quantities in sublamina Vb of posterior area 8 and area 5. In areas 4 and 6, the cells are grouped in clusters of three to 15 neurons each and are arranged in cellular bands of varying rostrocaudal thickness which course mediolaterally. With respect to functionally defined zones, CRp neurons are found throughout the supplementary motor area and the precentral motor cortex. In addition, they are found in parts of areas 5, 6, and 24 that project to these cortical motor areas, and that are thought to have "premotor" or movement-programming functions. The corticomagnocellular (CRm) projection arises principally from cells in sublamina Vb of the precentral arm and leg areas (area 4), and from adjacent parts of posterior area 6, CRm cells are pyramidally shaped, and their size distribution is bimodal, with peaks that correspond, respectively, to the modal diameters of CRp and of corticospinal neurons. These results and those of previous studies suggest that CRm neurons are involved principally in the control of hand and foot movements, with little effect on more proximal musculature. The massive CRp projection, however, is clearly part of a large cerebrocerebellar communication system, with motor and/or movement programming functions that have yet to be clearly defined.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Evaluating the organizational effectiveness of APC implementation efforts.

To optimize revenue under the Medicare outpatient prospective payment system's new coding-based ambulatory payment classifications (APCs), healthcare providers need to ensure several key steps are taken at the organizational level. Individuals who manage coding need to identify areas of overlap and adjust billing systems to reflect changes under the system. Billing managers should develop practices and protocols that provide detailed reviews of claims, implement a formal denial management program, track reasons for denials, and communicate denial information with their staffs. Proper evaluation of financial practices also is important. Financial managers need to develop formal ways to monitor financial performance consistently and on an ongoing basis and ensure the hospital is generating sufficient volume and keeping service costs in line with payments.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1986

Drug testing programs.

Many Federal agencies and private companies are conducting drug tests on job applicants and employees. Although the reasons for testing and the circumstances under which testing is conducted vary considerably, the main intent of these programs is to provide a drug-free environment for other employees and a safe service to the public. The programs that have been most successful usually include a clear communication to all employees and applicants as to the nature of the drug program and the consequences of detected drug use. Also, successful programs usually afford employees some type of assistance and a second chance. Finally, it is essential for successful programs to provide a reasonable and fair approach that includes procedures for due process, that is, a line of review and appeal.

Government Agencies↗
PubMed1993

[Significance and availability of small scale quality control programs].

Characteristics of small scale or regional quality control (QC) programs are quick responses to resolving QC problems and cooperation. In this paper, we illustrated and discussed the positive results of the regional QC program in Shizuoka prefecture as a model for small scale QC assurance programs. Kitamura's allowable limitations for analytical error in internal QC were estimated from the physiological and technical variation of individual assays and compared with the coefficient of variation (CV) of each analyte in clinical laboratories. CV of analytes in 80% of the laboratories cleared Kitamura's allowable limitation with the exception of alkaline phosphatase and calcium. Many laboratories are now making extensive efforts toward clearing the allowable limitation in these two items. Many working groups (WG), such as enzymes, immunochemistry, and ion selective electrode WG, are very active in resolving problems found by QC programs. The results obtained in these working groups were effectively communicated to the clinical laboratories and bedside physicians. These responses in small QC program are surely complementary to large scale QC programs such as the QC program of the Japan Medical Association.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

An innovative program to augment community preceptors' practice and teaching skills.

Medical students currently interface more and more with community-based physicians, many of whom have little training or experience as educators. They also start their ambulatory experiences from the beginning of their medical school training, not just at the clerkship year. This has prompted substantial literature on the need for improved faculty development for community preceptors, which is widely believed to be inadequate at present. The authors describe a novel program, designed to augment community preceptor teaching skills and practice behaviors, focusing on topics relating to humanism, communication, and psychosocial issues common in primary care. The program was conducted for four years beginning in 1999 and organized around acknowledged attributes of successful adult learning, and used case-based, small-group sessions, where individual community preceptors were each asked to "teach" a series of standardized students, in front of the group, regarding issues raised by a number of hypothetical patient cases. The standardized students had in turn been trained by the authors to interact with the participating faculty in a defined manner. The small-group sessions were led by community "opinion leaders" who had been chosen for this role by the participants, and who themselves first underwent training by the authors to familiarize them with core concepts felt to be essential to the program. At the conclusion of the entire process, surveys of the opinion leaders, the other community preceptor participants, and the standardized students suggested that the program did stimulate significant changes in attitude and behavior, although further research is needed to confirm this.

Communication↗
PubMed2002

Perceptions of quality and value in state and local pharmacy professional organizations.

Officer and member perceptions of the quality and value of the services provided by American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) state affiliates and local chapters were studied. A survey was mailed in December 2000 to all 249 state society and local-chapter officers in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Minnesota, and Illinois and a random sample of 1191 members. The survey solicited ratings of the quality and value of programs and services related to continuing education, communications, community service, and membership benefits. Of 1440 surveys mailed, 26 were returned as undeliverable; 308 were returned in usable form, for a total response rate of 22%. The most frequent job categories were hospital staff pharmacist (n = 74), hospital pharmacy manager (n = 66), and hospital clinical pharmacist (n = 49). Overall, members perceived lower quality than officers in clinical and administrative continuing-education programs offered by their local chapters. Members also perceived less value in administrative continuing-education programs than did officers. Member and officer perceptions were similar in the areas of communication and community services. Neither members nor officers appeared to value social functions highly as a membership benefit. A survey of state and local affiliates of ASHP in five states identified several areas where officers and members had different perceptions of the quality and value of services provided by these organizations.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1976

On a shoestring: a consumer-based source of personpower for mental health education.

This paper outlines a program for promoting mental health in the population by "giving away our skills" as mental health professionals. This kind of program can be started on a shoestring by a community mental health center, family service agency, or adult education program. It consists of teaching parent-child communication courses, with selected parents then becoming instructors to build a network of nonprofessional personpower. The paper explores strategies of setting up programs. It explores the shifting role of the professional toward a colleague relationship with nonprofessionals. Finally, it presents research on the program's effectiveness with parents and the impact on the lives and self-images of the nonprofessional instructors themselves.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexuality and COPD.

Persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who wish to remain sexually active must make adaptations to compensate for their diminishing activity tolerance, increasing dyspnea, role and sexual self-image changes, anxiety, and increased need for communication. This article describes a support group program designed to help persons with COPD become more knowledgeable and comfortable discussing sexual matters.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Our interest is swelling: a collaborative venture to establish the world's first free public screening for lymphoedema.

This article describes the collaborative processes involved in the implementation of a free public health screening program for people at risk of lymphoedema following the removal of lymph nodes during surgery to control breast, prostate and other cancers, or injury. The planning phase of the program is described with emphasis on the need to secure a well situated venue, the commitment of a cohort of key health professionals, service club and lay volunteers, and the need to carefully target and publicise the event widely. The implementation phase requires careful consideration of the physical layout of the event, the direction and management of the flow of human traffic, information and equipment requirements, and recognition that screening programs place people in vulnerable positions. Effective communication skills are essential, as is a knowledge of where people can be referred should the need arise. A budget is provided together with discussion regarding the success of the program and recommendations for future consideration such as the need to target men to attend screening and for long term follow up of the outcomes.

Australia↗
PubMed1993

Parish nursing: a system approach. Suggestions for planning and implementing parish partnerships.

The Parish Nurse Program at Chicago-based Resurrection Health Care Corporation (RHCC) sponsors partnerships between the corporation and parishes in the Chicago area to provide holistic, preventive healthcare services; access to appropriate resources; and witness to Jesus' healing mission. In RHCC's program, a parish nurse's role includes acting as a personal health counselor, discussing health concerns with parishioners and visiting them at home, in hospitals, and in nursing homes. The parish nurse also serves as a health educator, referral source for community resources, and facilitator for volunteer and support groups. The first step in introducing a parish nurse program is alerting staff within the organization and the surrounding community about the program. One way the parish nurse program director can do this is by developing a communications plan with the system's marketing and public relations staff. Members of a parish nurse program steering committee, the system's vice president for mission effectiveness, and professional peers should then work together to create supporting documents (e.g., job descriptions and pay grades) and an implementation plan. After the program basics are in place, partners can be sought and assessed. When a partnership is established, recruitment and orientation of the parish nurse begins. Once hired, the parish nurse should participate in the system's and the parish's orientation and continuing education sessions. A parish nurse with no previous experience as such should meet with an experienced parish nurse to get advice on interacting with parishioners and hospital and parish staff.

Catholicism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A practical approach to 64-slice coronary CT angiography.

Coronary computed tomography angiography with 64-slice multidetector CT scanners allows reproducible and accurate non-invasive evaluation of coronary atherosclerotic disease in most patients. These coronary CT angiography studies are very promising and exciting. However, the start-up phase of such a coronary CTA program can be challenging. We discuss the problems that one can encounter during start up of such a coronary CTA program and possible solutions. Training of the technologist, time-management and communication with the referring physician are key aspects of a successful coronary CTA program.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Award-winning tips for PR success. Getting your message across.

Remember your first attempt at taking a patient's blood pressure or the first time you held an IV catheter a few inches from your patient's arm? You now routinely perform those skills with confidence, and just as these procedures play an invaluable role in patient care, implementing a quality public information program can play a crucial role in community care. The public message of EMS providers should be, "We are the best at what we do and we are a vital link in the health care chain." Let's get that message out and fulfill the all-too-often forgotten role EMS plays in communities throughout the United States.

Awards and Prizes↗
PubMed2000

TongaSat: its obligation to Tonga and the Pacific region.

TongaSat, otherwise known as the Friendly Islands Satellite Communications Ltd., reckons itself as a toddler in the world of telecommunications. But since TongaSat has taken Tonga, a small Pacific island nation to the galaxies, it has also made it its responsibility to include other Pacific countries in its share of the 'glitter'. This short paper is to put TongaSat within the context of the Pacific region with the challenges to the rest of the world powers on telecommunications.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

The influence of communicator weight on psychoeducational message acceptance in females with high vs. low levels of body image disturbance.

Researchers have yet to examine the effect of the communicator's weight status on participants' responses to an eating disorder or body dissatisfaction prevention program. It is plausible that participants may be reactive to the weight of the communicator (e.g., therapist), which might adversely affect acceptance of the message contained in the program. In the current study, 217 college females were randomly assigned to three communicator weight conditions (underweight, average weight, and overweight). Participants in each group were subdivided by trait body dissatisfaction level, based on a median split. The procedure involved the implementation of a well-established psychoeducational intervention designed to decrease endorsement of the thin-ideal. Results supported the overall efficacy of the intervention but indicated a minimal effect for participant's trait dissatisfaction level and communicator weight status on a variety of outcome measures. Limitations of the current study are provided, as well as recommendations for future research.

Adolescent↗