Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Questionnaire Design”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,675 records · Page 93Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The acceptability of home medical abortion to women in UK settings.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the acceptability of home medical abortion to women in UK settings. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. SETTING: Four NHS gynaecology units in England and Scotland. SUBJECTS: Women undergoing conventional, hospital-based, medical abortion up to nine weeks of gestation. METHODS: A self-complete questionnaire explored the acceptability of abortion in hospital (including pain and bleeding experienced) and at home. Comparisons were made between centres (English and Scottish). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Women's views on home administration of misoprostol for medical abortion; perceived acceptability and perceived ability to cope with the process at home. RESULTS: Sixty-six percent (366/553) of the questionnaires were returned: Edinburgh, 204 (56%); London, 92 (25%); Hull, 43 (12%); and Glasgow, 27 (7%). Individual questionnaire items were answered by varying numbers of women: 228/320 (71%; 95% CI: 66-76%) said there was nothing that happened during abortion in the hospital that they would have been unable to cope with at home; 123/342 (36%; 95% CI: 31-41%) said they would have opted to have home abortion, had that choice been available. However, 219/342 (64%; 95% CI: 59-69%) indicated that they would prefer to have abortion in the hospital. The majority of women said they would have coped at home with bleeding (280/355, 79%; 95% CI: 74-83%) and with pain if given analgesia (203/268, 76%; 95% CI: 70-81%). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that most women would welcome being offered the choice of having medical abortion at home or in hospital. The development of home abortion must be seen as complementary, not an alternative, to hospital services.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed2006

New postnatal urinary incontinence: obstetric and other risk factors in primiparae.

OBJECTIVE: To identify obstetric and other risk factors for urinary incontinence that occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey of women. SETTING: Maternity units in Aberdeen (Scotland), Birmingham (England) and Dunedin (New Zealand). POPULATION: A total of 3405 primiparous women with singleton births delivered during 1 year. METHODS: Questionnaire responses and obstetric case note data were analysed using multivariate analysis to identify associations with urinary incontinence. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Urinary incontinence at 3 months after delivery first starting in pregnancy or after birth. RESULTS: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 29%. New incontinence first beginning after delivery was associated with older maternal age (oldest versus youngest group, OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.35-3.02) and method of delivery (caesarean section versus spontaneous vaginal delivery, OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.19-0.41). There were no significant associations with forceps delivery (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.92-1.51) or vacuum delivery (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.83-1.63). Incontinence first occurring during pregnancy and still present at 3 months was associated with higher maternal body mass index (BMI>25, OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.16-2.43) and heavier babies (birthweight in top quartile, OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.12-2.19). In these women, caesarean section was associated with less incontinence (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.27-0.58) but incontinence was not associated with age. CONCLUSIONS: Women have less urinary incontinence after a first delivery by caesarean section whether or not that first starts during pregnancy. Older maternal age was associated with new postnatal incontinence, and higher BMI and heavier babies with incontinence first starting during pregnancy. The effect of further deliveries may modify these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A survey of the information management and technology training needs of doctors in an acute NHS trust in the United Kingdom.

BACKGROUND: Doctors need information skills to deliver health care in the 21st century. There is concern that those who trained before the 'information age' will be inadequately equipped for their work. OBJECTIVES: To assess doctors' use of computers for clinical tasks, and their knowledge and skills in health information management and technology. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. SETTING: An acute NHS trust in the UK. PARTICIPANTS: 96 (83%) of all doctors in the trust responded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of respondents reporting the following: use of computer-based systems for clinical tasks, knowledge in eight health informatics topics, skills in using specific hardware and software applications. Also comparison of reported skills between senior and junior staff; proportion of doctors identifying specific training needs. RESULTS: All but one (1%) of the responding doctors used a computer regularly. Over three quarters of respondents reported they were semi-skilled or fully skilled in basic office applications, though the juniors scored significantly more highly than the seniors for some applications. However, 44% of doctors reported no skills in database software, identifying this as a training need. Around half of the doctors were unaware of health informatics topics, including electronic patient records, the Caldicott report and data protection law. In each case the senior doctors were significantly more aware than the juniors of the topic in question. CONCLUSION: Both junior and senior doctors have basic computer literacy, but nearly half of this population identify the use of database software as a training need. In addition, there are several health informatics topics of which a large proportion of doctors, particularly the juniors, have little knowledge, but which have not been identified as training needs. Some recommendations are made for provision of in-house health informatics education for doctors.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1994

Headache in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Based on reports of headache in arteriovenous malformations and epilepsy, one would predict that the prevalence of migraine headache in the Sturge-Weber syndrome would be higher than in the general population. A questionnaire designed to determine the prevalence and type of headache by IHS criteria was sent to the 500 members of the Sturge-Weber Foundation. The average age of the patients in this sample (71 patients) was 15 years. The sex ratio was approximately one to one. Headache meeting IHS criteria for migraine occurred in 28% (equally among males and females) compared to 17% in females and 5% in males in the general population. Neurologic deficits occurred in 58% during migraine. The prevalence of migraine in children under the age of 10 (31%) was higher than that reported in the general population (5%) and the age of onset was younger. The mechanism of migraine headache in Sturge-Weber syndrome may be similar to that found in epilepsy and vascular malformations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Epidemiology and symptomatology of migraine among school children: Denizli urban area in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at finding the prevalence, associated factors, and symptomatology of migraine among 5 to 8 grades of secondary and 9 to 11 grades of high school children (age range between 11 and 18 years old) in the Denizli urban area in the western part of Turkey. BACKGROUND: Data from the developed countries indicate that migraine is the most common cause of recurrent headaches in children. Also, childhood migraine is sufficiently severe to prevent the half of the suffering children from carrying on their usual daily activities. METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted between May 2000 and June 2000. There were 2,490 participants selected by a multistage stratified clustered sampling procedure. A validated self-administered questionnaire designed according to the International Headache Society criteria was given to the school children of age between 11 and 18 years. RESULTS: Overall migraine prevalence was 8.8%; it was 6.7% in boys and 11.0% in girls (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.3). Among girls, the highest prevalence (17.7%) occurred at 15 years of age, but among boys, the highest prevalence (11.9%) occurred at 16 years of age. Of children with migraine, 56.5% had a positive family history, and only 29.1% visited a doctor for headache. CONCLUSION: Migraine is a common health problem among school children in Denizli urban area and it often goes underdiagnosed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Monoamine oxidase and homovanillic acid in boys with predispositions to substance abuse.

Both dopaminergic dysregulation and abnormalities in monoamine oxidase (MAO) have been postulated as etiological factors in substance abuse. This study assessed whether MAO activity differed in sons of substance-abusing fathers compared with sons of nonsubstance-abusing fathers. It also assessed the levels of homovanillic acid (HVA), the metabolite of dopamine, and MAO in a group of substance-using/-abusing boys compared with peers without this history in the same setting. Sixty-five boys admitted to a residential center were evaluated on blood tests for HVA and MAO, and on a series of diagnostic instruments and questionnaires designed to elicit information about parental substance abuse and about the subject's own substance use/abuse. The results indicated tentatively that younger (< 12.0 years) sons of substance-abusing fathers had higher levels of MAO than younger sons of nonsubstance-abusing fathers. Levels of MAO in older (> or = 12.0 years) sons of substance-abusing and nonsubstance-abusing fathers did not differ. Boys with histories of significant use/abuse of substances themselves had significantly higher MAO levels and significantly lower HVA levels than peers of the same age without substance use/abuse histories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Are we training future pain specialists?

The purpose of this study was to determine whether pain practices in Tennessee are training future pain specialists. Following IRB approval, a questionnaire designed for the study was administered to members of the TN Pain Society. Results indicate that none of the subjects are training residents at their pain practice and the majority are not training pain fellows. Few attendings reported having trained in a pain fellowship themselves and the majority are reportedly not engaged in continuing pain management education through national or international organizations, such as the American Pain Society (APS) or the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). Of concern is whether or not this sample reflects the nature of pain practices throughout the country. If so, will there be a shortage of pain residents and fellows in the near future? Will pain practices be opened and operated by those who are not trained to treat chronic pain?

Editorial↗
PubMed1979

Sexuality in nursing homes.

Since so little has been written on the subject of sexuality among the elderly in nursing homes, a study was conducted in some nursing home populations in Wisconsin. Resistance was encountered in certain areas but finally 63 residents (27 men and 36 women) agreed to be interviewed. A recently designed questionnaire was used, followed by a relaxed conversational period. Our findings indicate that the aged interviewees believed that sexual activity was appropriate for other elderly people in the homes; they personally were not involved, chiefly because of lack of opportunity. Most of them admitted having sexual thoughts and feelings. Medical and behavioral personnel showed great reluctance to discuss the subject. It would seem that, if the quality of life in old age is to be improved, there should be some provision in nursing homes for those who desire appropriate sexual activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Attitudes of physicians toward elderly drivers and driving policy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine physicians' attitudes toward and knowledge concerning driving in older persons. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. MEASUREMENTS: A questionnaire was sent to physician members of the American Geriatrics Society (n = 5009). The questionnaire explored physicians' practice characteristics, general approach to record keeping, frequency of behavior toward educating, counseling, and reporting patients to authorities when deemed appropriate, and their personal understanding of driving issues and physician responsibilities within the state in which they practice. RESULTS: A response rate of 48% was obtained. There was a lack of consensus among physicians, with a broad range of attitudes and practices dealing with this growing public health concern. Physicians generally believed that they had a legal responsibility to assess driving ability but were uncertain about how to assess driving competence and their responsibility toward their senior patients who drive. CONCLUSIONS: Physician practices concerning the appropriate management of older drivers vary widely. Physicians should be aware that medical literature is available to aid in the evaluation of the elderly driver with medical impairments. In addition, physicians should consider referring their elderly patients to driver refresher courses to improve or maintain their driving skills. More research is needed to help guide health professionals in assessing the frail elder with multiple medical impairments and decreasing the crash risk for the older driver.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Projecting patients' preferences from living wills: an invalid strategy for management of dementia with life-threatening illness.

OBJECTIVE: To examine variation in elders' choices of therapies in different clinical scenarios and to assess the validity of extending preferences expressed in scenarios of usual health, terminal illness, and coma to preferences in a scenario of moderately advanced Alzheimer disease. DESIGN: Questionnaire study of community-dwelling elders. SETTING: Houston metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS: 218 community-dwellers age 60 years and older. MEASUREMENTS: Responses regarding choices of 10 interventions in 4 scenarios. Interventions were: cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), ventilator, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), i.v. medication and hydration, any medication, enteral feeding, dialysis, ICU admission, hospitalization, and antibiotics. Interventions were selected "never", "always," or a "trial of intervention to assess efficacy." Independent variables were responses in scenarios of usual state of health with a life-threatening illness, irreversible coma, and terminal illness causing pain. Dependent variables were responses in a scenario of moderately advanced Alzheimer disease with a life-threatening illness. Frequencies of responses were calculated using "never," "trial," and "always." Subsequently "trial" and "always" were collapsed into a category of "accepting intervention" for dichotomous analysis with "refusing intervention" (the "never" category). Logistic regression was used to assess validity of predicting responses in one scenario from the others. MAIN RESULTS: Preferences regarding medical therapies varied across scenarios (P < 0.01). In the Usual Health scenario, all interventions were accepted more frequently than refused. In Terminal Illness and Coma scenarios, CPR, ventilator, TPN, enteral feedings and dialysis were refused more frequently than accepted. In the Alzheimer scenario, medications, ICU admission, hospitalization, and antibiotics were accepted more often than rejected. Trial was preferred to always in 90% of all choices across all scenarios. Preferences expressed in Terminal Illness, Coma, and Usual Health scenarios predicted choices in the Alzheimer disease scenario poorly. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Use of a scenario-based advance directive may be limited to the precise scenario described. (2) The common acceptance of interventions in the Alzheimer disease scenario differs from findings in earlier studies, possibly because of differences in populations surveyed or the stage of the disease described, highlighting the variability of preferences in this scenario. (3) Trial of intervention is attractive to many respondents, perhaps because it allows the advantage of potentially beneficial therapies without commitment to a course of therapy not leading to cure. (4) Results of this study should be interpreted in light of the study population, consisting largely of well educated, healthy Caucasians. Findings are likely not to be generalizable to other populations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Anxiety and anger in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Responses after automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator implantation.

In order to assess the psychological profile of patients with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias, eight patients who underwent implantation of the automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator for refractory arrhythmias were evaluated. Six men and two women with a mean age of 53 years were examined with the Symptom Checklist-90, the State Trait Personality Inventory and a specifically designed questionnaire about the automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator. The group studied manifested high degrees of both anger and anxiety compared to normal controls or to other medically ill populations. The trait scores remained essentially unchanged before and after the AICD implantation. The state of anxiety was markedly reduced by 26 percentage points after implantation (P less than 0.01), while the state of anger remained unchanged. In evaluating the number of AICD discharges, it was observed that the number of discharges in the first 6 months was higher than that observed in the subsequent follow-up period (mean 30 months). The reduction in AICD discharges demonstrated a trend (P = 0.094). Patient acceptance of the automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator was high. They became accustomed to the pulse generator after a mean of 3.6 months. The defibrillator permitted resumption of normal activities. If the device became battery depleted, all patients would insist on replacement. The evaluation of this group of patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias indicates a high degree of anxiety and anger, which potentially may influence outcome. The reduction in defibrillator discharges after the first 6 months in addition to a reduced state of anxiety is a relationship that merits further investigation.

Anger↗
PubMed1993

Patient acceptance of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator in ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

Besides surgical problems, recipients of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are faced with psychological and social adjustments. Successful ICD therapy is influenced by the patients' perceived concerns regarding device, discharge, changes in life style, and complications. In order to assess patients' acceptance of the ICD, the psychological profile of 57 consecutive patients was evaluated using a specifically designed questionnaire and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The results showed that 20 patients stated fear of ICD discharge, 12 patients revealed physical discomfort due to the device, and limited quality-of-life occurred in 8 patients. Fifty-five of 57 patients answered that it was worth having an ICD device implanted, 30 (53%) patients returned to active life, and 56 (98%) would advise another patient to undergo implantation if necessary. Overall, there was only a slight, but insignificant, decrease in the level of anxiety within the total patient population after ICD implantation. However, a comparison of two subgroups indicated that the state of anxiety was significantly higher in patients < 50 years of age as well as in patients having received > 5 shocks versus those > 50 years of age and having experienced < 5 shocks. In general, the acceptance of the ICD as a tool in managing life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias is high. Besides the increased survival rate, quality-of-life and patient acceptance are important criteria for successful ICD therapy.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2000

American nursing scholars abroad, 1985-1995.

PURPOSE: To explore the international activities of American nursing scholars from 1985 to 1995, as indicated by their international teaching, scholarship, and consultation. METHODS: All faculty (N = 2,254) teaching in nursing doctoral programs in the United States were surveyed using an investigator-designed questionnaire. The professional characteristics of American nursing scholars who worked abroad and the dates, nature, and types of international activities they undertook were ascertained. From a total of 928 usable returns, 247 described international activity. FINDINGS: Data indicated a three-fold increase in international activity from 1985 to 1995 in the three major areas investigated. Universities in Western Europe and Asia were the most frequent recipients of nursing scholarly activity. The scholars or representatives of the host institutions made approximately half the initial contacts. The international hosts or U.S. universities were the predominant providers of funding. Nurses most likely to participate in international scholarly activity were senior faculty who were full professors in doctoral-granting institutions, published in international journals, presented educational topics, and were recognized by peers through membership in honorary organizations. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial increase in international nursing scholarship occurred during the decade studied, particularly related to teaching.

Faculty, Nursing↗
PubMed2005

Cancer risk factors of Vietnamese Americans in rural south Alabama.

PURPOSE: To identify aggregate-specific cancer risk factors of Vietnamese Americans in south Alabama and present a comparison with available national data and Healthy People 2010 targets. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: A convenience sample of 284 Vietnamese community residents 18 years and over completed an investigator-designed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive correlational analysis. FINDINGS: Aggregate-specific cancer risk factors included high prevalence of hepatitis, high smoking and drinking rates in men, extended sun exposure without protection, knowledge deficit of cancer and cancer screenings, and low cancer screening rates. Educational level was significantly related to many cancer risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Significant cancer risk factors exist in the target population in comparison to available national data and Healthy People 2010 targets. More focused cancer prevention and early detection efforts should be initiated for this underserved population. Future research is needed to (a) determine the effect of acculturation on cancer risk factors and (b) develop culturally appropriate interventions to improve the effectiveness of cancer prevention and early detection interventions in this subgroup of Asian Americans.

Acculturation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternity nurses' knowledge of factors promoting successful breastfeeding. A survey at two hospitals.

An investigator-designed questionnaire was used to survey 53 RNs and LPNs at two urban hospitals concerning knowledge for support of breastfeeding mothers. Maternity nurses demonstrated limited knowledge, especially in drugs, maternal emotions, and neonatal physiology as related to breastfeeding. Level of education affected test scores positively; length of experience affected test scores negatively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sibling visitation: effects on newborn infection rates.

This study compared signs and symptoms of infection in term infants who had direct contact with their siblings with infants who had contact only with an adult visitor as part of a postpartum hospital visitation program (N = 150). Following sibling visitation, mothers assessed their infants for signs and symptoms of infection using a questionnaire designed for this study. No increase in signs and symptoms of infection associated with direct sibling visitation in this setting was identified.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1999

Research utilization and interdisciplinary collaboration in emergency care.

OBJECTIVES: To examine perceptions of nurse-physician collaboration and research utilization in a large, county medical center with an emergency medicine (EM) residency program, to assess differences among nurses, residents, and attending physicians, and to explore the relationship between collaboration and research utilization. METHODS: A cross-sectional, exploratory, correlational design. Questionnaires measuring four aspects of collaboration-leadership, communication, problem solving, and coordination-and four aspects of research utilization-support, attitude, availability, and use-were distributed to 115 nurses, 18 attending physicians, and 33 EM residents (n = 166). A 59% response rate was achieved. RESULTS: The survey instruments demonstrated acceptable reliability at 0.70 or better Cronbach's alpha except for communication timeliness (alpha = 0.64) and predictive validity. Overall, physicians and nurses rated measures of collaboration and research favorably. However, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between physicians and nurses on four measures of collaboration (i.e., physician leadership, communication openness within group, communication openness between groups, and problem solving within group) and research utilization (research use), with physicians holding more favorable views than nurses. Three measures of collaboration predicted 47% of the variance in research use for physicians; only one measure of collaboration was important for nurses, explaining 9.3% of the variance in research use. CONCLUSION: Interdisciplinary collaboration showed some significance in promoting research use in the ED, especially for physicians. However, nurse-physician differences in perceptions of collaboration and research use should be examined more fully.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Upper GI malignancy, uncomplicated dyspepsia, and the age threshold for early endoscopy.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the frequency with which patients with upper GI malignancies present with uncomplicated dyspepsia and to determine the impact of changing the threshold for early endoscopy from 45 to 55 yr, as has recently been recommended in European studies. METHODS: Three hundred forty-one patients with upper GI malignancies at two Milwaukee teaching hospitals were identified from electronic databases. Trained physician-investigators reviewed the charts using a specifically designed questionnaire. Staging of GI cancers was performed using the TNM classification to determine operability. Uncomplicated dyspepsia was defined as dyspepsia without alarm symptoms/signs (dysphagia, vomiting, weight loss, early satiety, GI bleeding, or anemia). RESULTS: There were 341 patients with upper GI malignancies with a mean age of 68 yr (range = 22-94). Twenty-one patients were younger than 45 and 65 were under 55. Uncomplicated dyspepsia was the presenting symptom in five of 65 (7.7%) patients younger than 55 and one of 21 (4.8%) patients under 45 (p = 0.99). Five patients 55 or younger presented with uncomplicated dyspepsia. All had advanced, inoperable disease (stage III or higher). CONCLUSIONS: 1) In a racially diverse United States population, upper GI malignancy presenting without alarm symptoms is uncommon. 2) Raising the threshold for immediate endoscopy in uncomplicated dyspepsia from age 45 to 55 increases the risk of missing an underlying malignancy but may not affect outcome, as incurable disease was present at diagnosis within a few weeks of the onset of symptoms.

Adult↗