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1,672 records · Page 93Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Influx of antibiotics into diabetic legs with plantar ulcerations: regional and systemic Netilmycin levels compared after retrograde-venous and systemic-venous application.

Retrograde venous perfusions (RVP) of antibiotics were proven to be therapeutically more effective than systemic venous infusions (SVI) in patients with infected diabetic neuropathic plantar ulcers (DNPU: no additional macronagiopathy of leg arteries). In order to study some pharmakokinetic features of RVP application paratibial tissue levels of Netilmycin (NL; from suction blister fluid) and cubital venous NL were compared under each SVI and RVP therapy in 8 patients with DNPU. Tissue (11.6 +/- 6.4 micrograms/l) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) an within the therapeutic range after RVP (SVI: 4.31 +/- 1.68). In ulcer transsudate (RVP only; n = 4) NL mounted to 36.4 +/- 11.6 microgram/ml. Peak and base NL in cubital blood were within the normal range for both SVI and RVP (no significant difference). The date indicate that RVP is superior to SVI application of Netilmycin (and probably other antibiotics) as surmounting the damaged microcirculation in DNPU to achieve effective drug levels in the target tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Post-antibiotic effect of three aminoglycosides against Klebsiella pneumoniae].

This paper introduces a new method to quantify post antibiotic effect. This method was applied to the study of the effect of three aminoglycosides antibiotics on seven strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial was removed by filtration, washing with peptone broth and neutralization by heparin. Growth curves were monitored by automated measurement of optical density with Urimat-ATB (bioMérieux). The inoculum fluctuation bias was eliminated with the help of a mathematical analysis of results. Absence of carry-over was controlled for each bacteria-antibiotic combination. A significant post antibiotic effect was observed with the three antibiotics after 2 hours exposure to a concentration equivalent to 2 x MIC. There was no significant difference between the 3 aminoglycosides tested.

Amikacin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Liver abscess: is drug therapy only possible?].

We describe a case of liver abscess, whose favourable evolution, after the initial medical treatment, started when we didn't know the diagnosis, persuaded us to continue the begun treatment, based on localization of disease and on clinical improvement, instead of carrying out on evacuative puncture. At moment, according to our knowledge, this is the third case of liver abscess which has recovered by on antibiotic rational treatment without surgical punctures. Can we treat the liver abscess like the pneumonia according to features of localization and clinical history?

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1993

[Neonatal listeriosis. A case report].

The author describes a case of early neonatal listeriosis following by a positive outcome. The severity of this infection is underlined as well as the need to examine carefully the role of listeria monocytogenes as a cause of similar influenza-type syndromes in pregnant women.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1993

[Acute pyelonephritis in women. Short-term hospitalization].

One-hundred women suffering from acute pyelonephritis were hospitalized for less than 4 days on average, in order to make a diagnosis based on bacteriology and computerized tomography (CT) and to bring fever down with a 21-day antibiotic therapy. In cases of acute pyelonephritis due to a urinary tract obstacle, endoscopic uereteral drainage was added to the antibiotic treatment. In the absence of obstacle, medical treatment was sufficient to obtain apyrexia. Fluoroquinolone therapy made it possible to reduce the hospital stay to 2 or 3 days, depending on whether the lesions observed at CT were triangular or round.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Massive colorectal hemorrhage in adult Schönlein-Henoch purpura].

Schönlein-Henoch purpura is a well known syndrome, rare in adults, and is seldom accompanied with extensive colorectal haemorrhage. In abdominal purpura, the small bowel is more frequently involved, but cases of oesophageal, gastroduodenal and colorectal localisation also have been reported. The cases with colorectal bleeding, appearing in adulthood and elderly patients, could cause differential diagnostic problems. Described endoscopic features of one patient, who was referred to our department, because of colorectal bleeding. The treatment, course of disease and endoscopic follow-up is presented. No previous endoscopic documentation of this type of localisation has been reported in Hungarian literature, so far.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Spontaneous pubic osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

A 53-year-old woman was admitted because of a two weeks' history of progressive perineal pain, low-grade fever, a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and tenderness over the inferior rami of the pubic bone. Osteomyelitis was suspected. However, bone scanning, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed no evidence of intraosseous disease, but revealed signs of inflammation in the surrounding soft tissue. Conventional antimicrobial therapy was unsuccessful. Biopsy of the bone demonstrated active osteomyelitis and the cultures grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Osteomyelitis of the pubic bone and symphysis is most often a sequel to pelvic surgery but has also been observed in i.v. drug abusers. In both circumstances Pseudomonas aeruginosa has frequently been identified as the causative agent. Pelvic osteomyelitis is extremely rare in patients without predisposing factors. Osteomyelitis can only be differentiated from osteitis pubis, a non-infectious inflammatory disease, by bone biopsy. The treatment of choice for osteomyelitis is a beta-lactam antibiotic effective against pseudomonas in combination with an aminoglycoside for 4-6 weeks. Recent studies have demonstrated that new generation quinolones are also effective.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1995

[Bacterial meningitis caused by the strains of Haemophilus influenzae type B resistant to most penicillins and cephalosporins].

In recent years bacterial meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae appears to have occurred more frequently in Poland. In this paper the author presents three specific cases treated in one typical month at the Department of Neuroinfections at John Paul the II Hospital, Kraków. Each of the cases in question proved difficulty to treat because the strains of bacteria encountered were resistant to the most of penicilins and cephalosporins.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of three different approaches to perform excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for myopia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of myopic excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) performed using three different ablation approaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Using the Apex excimer laser (Summit Technology, Inc., Waltham MA), we have treated 75 eyes. Twenty-five of them were treated by a single ablation zone (SA, 6.5 mm diameter) to correct myopia of -4.50 +/- 2.10 D (mean +/- SD); 25 eyes underwent PRK for the correction of myopia of -4.98 +/- 2.17 D using a multipass multizone technique (MP, 3 zones); and 25 eyes were corrected for myopia of -5.03 +/- 1.98 D using new software which enables the creation of three ablation zones in a single-pass fashion (MZ). RESULTS: Mean refractive error (+/-SD) at the first post-operative month was +1.34 +/- 1.00 D for SA, +1.78 +/- 1.49 D for MP, and +0.90 +/- 0.75 D for MZ. Eyes treated by MZ had significantly better uncorrected visual acuity than those treated by SA (P=0.04). Corneal topography revealed a central island in 14 eyes (56%) of those treated by SA and 2 eyes (8%) of those treated by MZ, but in no eyes treated by MP. Six months after treatment, mean refractive error was +0.28 +/- 0.75 D for SA, +0.36 +/- 0.92 D for MP, and - 0.07 +/- 0.77 D for MZ. CONCLUSION: MZ ablation induced less hyperopic shift at 1 month, thus leading to a faster visual recovery and better uncorrected visual acuity. MP and MZ ablations proved effective in preventing central island formation, thus inducing less visual disturbances than SA ablations. These results suggest that MZ ablation may be preferable to the other techniques in performing myopic PRK.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cefazolin and netilmycin versus vancomycin and ceftazidime in the treatment of CAPD peritonitis.

In spite of several recommendations, choosing the initial antibiotic to treat continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis remains difficult. In our prospective randomized study we attempted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of less toxic combinations of cephalosporins with vancomycin or netilmycin. From November 1993 to September 1996 we treated 52 episodes of peritonitis in 34 patients. Peritonitis was diagnosed according to the valid criteria. Patients were treated for 14 - 28 days with a combination of either cefazolin plus netilmycin or vancomycin plus ceftazidime. The most frequent bacteria causing peritonitis in the two groups were comparable. The efficacy of the cefazolin/netilmycin combination was 91.6% (22/24) without yeasts and 84.0% (21/25) in the vancomycin/ceftazidime combination. There were no statistically significant differences between the two otherwise efficient combinations of antibiotics. No side effects were observed. We believe that the frequent use of vancomycin could be avoided thus reducing the risks of resistance and ototoxicity.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1997

Severe haemorrhagic diathesis in an adult patient with cystic fibrosis after long-term antibiotic treatment of pulmonary infection.

We describe the case of a 22 yr old male patient with cystic fibrosis, who, after long-term antibiotic treatment of pulmonary infection, developed a haemorrhagic diathesis with severe bleeding from the mucus membrane of the mouth, and haematuria. Rapid recovery was observed after infusion of vitamin K. During 8 months of follow-up, no evidence of recurrence of the clotting disturbances and anaemia were noted. The combination of impaired absorption of vitamin K due to underlying disease with the antibiotic-induced suppression of vitamin K synthesis by intestinal bacteria could be a possible explanation for this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Neonatal type 1 pneumococcal meningitis and maternal septicemia].

The most common organisms in neonatal meningitis are group B streptococcus and Gram negative enteric bacteriae. Although Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most frequent causes of meningitis in infancy and childhood, they are uncommon in newborns. We report one case of neonatal meningitis and maternal septicemia.

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pleuropulmonary staphylococcal infection in newborn infants].

Pulmonary pleural staphylococcal infection is common in sub-Saharan Africa. It is rare in temperate zones and occurs in different epidemiological conditions. In African regions, very few staphylococcal infections are hospital-acquired, with most cases resulting from infection in everyday life. Pulmonary pleural staphylococcal infection typically affects infants. The frequency of neonatal forms is unknown. We describe here in the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of a case of pulmonary pleural staphylococcal infection in a newborn. The symptoms of our patient were typical, involving predominantly mechanical and hematological problems. The prevention of infection in very young children and early treatment of such infections could reduce the morbidity of this disease.

Administration, Oral↗