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PubMedDate not supplied

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast. Report of a case with fine needle aspiration cytology and histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural correlation.

A case of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast was studied by cytology, histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Aspiration cytology of the tumor showed sheets and tubular-type clusters of cohesive, regular polygonal cells with abundant, fairly well preserved, pale, granular to finely vacuolated, clear cytoplasma and a low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. The nuclei were small, round and monotonous, with dispersed chromatin and small or inconspicuous nucleoli. Acinus formation was striking: an occasional gland showed a suggestion of an inner layer of cells with denser cytoplasm surrounded by an outer mantle of paler cells. The histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings confirmed the two cell populations, constituting an inner epithelial and outer myoepithelial component, both participating in the neoplastic process. The differential diagnoses of various breast lesions with somewhat similar cytologic features are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[The influence of thyroid and antithyroid preparations on the development of induced breast cancer].

Research Institute of Endocrinology and Hormone Chemistry, Khar'kov It was shown that realization of a neoplastic process in the breast is determined, in particular, by the chemical structure of agents employed and their dosage. So 1-thyroxine, depending on the dosage used, may stimulate the development of tumor process in mammary glands, but exert no influence on it (an effect of "the effect extinction"), and finely suppress tumor development. Among the determining factors the activity of thyreotropic function of the hypophysis and a concentration of an albumin bound form of thyroxine in blood are of special importance.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1993

[Diagnostic difficulties in a 32-year old patient with cardiac tamponade].

At present the most frequent cause of cardiac tamponade is neoplasma. A case of a 32-year-old male with recurrent cardiac tamponade caused by pericardium mesothelioma is described. Despite advanced neoplastic process in the pericardium, pleura and mediastinum, neither radiologic examinations of the chest, echocardiography, nor repeated cytologic examination of the pericardial exudate, could establish the etiology of the tamponade. Only after a pericardial window had been performed was it possible to: 1) establish the diagnosis and introduce causal treatment; 2) prevent recurrence of the tamponade; 3) perform cytoreduction of the tumor. It seems that in cases of chronic exudative pericarditis of unknown cause it is proper to perform an early pericardial window as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Human papilloma virus in the etiology of cervicouterine cancer].

The objectives of this study were to confirm the hypothesis that invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix and the precursors of that condition are most often caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, and to determine whether or not other risk factors are involved in the neoplastic process. For this purpose, four concurrent case-control studies were carried out. Two included cases of invasive cervical cancer and population-based controls. The other two included cases of in situ carcinoma and controls. Research was carried out in nine provinces of Spain and in Cali, Colombia. The identification of cases took place between June 1985 and June 1988. The studies included 436 incident cases of invasive carcinoma and 387 controls, selected at random from the corresponding populations, and 525 cases of in situ carcinoma and 512 controls paired by age, place of recruitment, and date that cytological specimens were taken from the women participating in cytological screening programs. Exposure to HPV was detected through hybridization tests after amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in exfoliated cervical cells from cases and controls. Exposure to HPV was the principal risk factor in the four studies. For invasive carcinoma, the relative risk and 95% confidence interval were 46.2 (18.5-115.1) in Spain and 15.6 (6.9-34.7) in Colombia. For in situ carcinoma, the figures were 56.9 (24.8-130.6) in Spain and 15.5 (8.2-29.4) in Colombia. This strong association was specific for types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35 as well as still-unclassified HPV types.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1993

[Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy and "hot foot"].

Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy is a frequent and disabling complication in subjects with cancer. Its clinical presentation is characterized by pain, muscle weakness, sensory complaints in one or occasionally both limbs associated with the tumoral symptoms. The presence of autonomic symptoms is less frequent; one of these is the "hot and dry foot". We present two patients, one with prostatic cancer and the other with myxoid liposarcoma, who developed a lumbosacral plexopathy as a manifestation of the extension of the neoplastic process; in both cases there was in addition a clear difference in the temperature of the affected limb. Although infrequent, the "hot and dry foot" it constitutes an early sign of metastatic plexopathy which facilitates the differential diagnosis with preforaminal lumbosciatic radiculopathies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The surgical treatment of patients with mechanical jaundice].

Bile-diverting operations in 386 patients with obstructive jaundice are analysed. It was caused by benign diseases in 202 patients (group 1) and by malignant tumors of the biliary tract and pancreas in 184 patients (group 2). Laparoscopic cholecystostomy was carried out in the first stage of treatment in each third patient. In patients of group 1 choledocholithotomy was the main operation performed for restoration of the flow of bile, it was combined with external drainage of the biliary tract in 54 patients, supplemented by transduodenal papillosphincterotomy in 30 patients, choledochoduodenostomy was carried out in 30 patients. The flow of bile was restored in group 2 patients by forming biliodigestive anastomoses. The most frequent among them were cholecystojejunostomy (38) and choledochoduodenostomy (31). Laparoscopic cholecystostomy was the most expedient operation in 61 patients with a spreading neoplastic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Desmoplastic small cell tumor with multi-phenotypic differentiation.

Desmoplastic small cell tumor (DSCT) is a distinctive, poorly understood malignant tumor with a complex phenotype. The main features of the 46 cases presented here include a mean age of 20.8 years (range 7-48), male predominance (37 M:9 F), primary intraabdominal location (except for 2 cases), characteristic histologic pattern consisting of tumor cell nests surrounded by a cellular desmoplastic stroma, immunohistochemical reactivity for markers of epithelial, muscle and neural differentiation, and association with a unique cytogenetic abnormality. These findings suggest that this tumor is a distinct neoplastic process and that it probably belongs to the family of primitive small round cell developmental tumors. It is proposed that DSCT arises during development from a progenitor cell with potential for multiphenotypic differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Loose body of the elbow mimicking tumor.

Distinguishing between calcific soft-tissue masses and intra-articular loose bodies about the elbow can be difficult. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman with a slowly enlarging soft-tissue mass about the elbow. History, physical examination, and diagnostic studies did not establish a definite diagnosis, nor did they rule out the possibility of a neoplastic process. Excisional biopsy revealed a loose body contained in a cystic mass with elbow joint communication.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

Investigation of the role of the ras protooncogene point mutation in human uveal melanomas.

PURPOSE: Genetic alterations have been observed in a wide variety of neoplastic processes, including Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, promyelocytic leukemia, and solid tumors of the colon, skin, and breast. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), dot blotting, and direct double-stranded DNA sequencing were used to assess ras gene activation in human uveal melanomas for three candidate genes: c-Ha-ras1, c-Ki-ras2, and N-ras at codons 12, 13, and 61. METHODS: Samples of 49 human uveal melanomas were obtained. Amplifiable high molecular weight DNA was obtained from 39 of these. PCR amplification of regions centering on three candidate ras genes was performed. PCR-amplified DNA was evaluated by dot blot and double-stranded DNA sequencing utilizing standard methods. RESULTS: No point mutations were identified in screening the c-Ha-ras gene nor were any genetic alterations found in the c-Ki-ras2 gene at codons 12 and 13. Only wild-type sequences were found at codon 61. No ras mutations were detected in any uveal melanomas studied. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides no evidence to support an association between ras protooncogene mutations and human uveal melanomas at codons 12, 13, or 61.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Vacuum aspiration: an efficient outpatient screening technic for endometrial disease.

In an effort to find a safe, efficient, and inexpensive means of ruling out the existence of a neoplastic process causing abnormal vaginal bleeding form the uterine cavity, 103 patients over 34 years of age had preoperative aspiration (Vabra aspirator) of the endometrial cavity. The tissue obtained at the time of D&C and hysterectomy was correlated with that obtained by the outpatient diagnostic procedure. In this pilot study, the aspirator was 98% accurate in evaluating high-risk women with abnormal uterine bleeding for malignant disease. In the two neoplasms missed, both women had had a recent D&C.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

Noninvasive detection of putative biomarkers for colon cancer using fecal messenger RNA.

Deaths from colon cancer number over 60,000 each year in the United States. Because early detection results in a high cure rate, development of noninvasive techniques for detection of colon cancer has received much interest. The ability to detect early changes in colonocyte genes and gene expression would provide valuable information. We have shown previously that alterations in protein kinase C (PKC) isoform expression are associated with changes in colonic cell proliferation, a key intermediate marker for the prediction of tumorigenesis. Here, we describe a method for the quantitative detection of mRNAs for select PKC isoforms isolated from rat feces containing exfoliated colonocytes. After total RNA extraction from fresh fecal material, polyadenylated RNA was selectively purified and quantitated with slot blotting and hybridization to oligodeoxythymidylic acid. Fecal polyadenylated RNA was used for semiquantitative (mimic) RT-PCR to quantitate PKC isoform mRNA expression. We detected mRNA for PKC-alpha, PKC-delta, PKC-epsilon, and PKC-sigma, but not for PKC-beta or PKC-gamma, which is consistent with the profile of isoforms detected previously in scraped colonic mucosa using immunoblot analysis. This noninvasive method, utilizing feces containing exfoliated colonocytes, is a sensitive noninvasive technique for quantitating luminal mRNAs. This provides a means to monitor gene expression of colonic epithelial cells, which may have predictive value in monitoring the neoplastic process.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parotid tuberculosis].

Two rare cases of parotid gland tuberculosis are presented, which confirms the rising incidence of tuberculosis in Spain. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, as the disease may be mistaken for a neoplastic process, and complementary tests, fine needle aspiration biopsy, CAT, analyses and chest X-rays are frequently nonspecific, particularly in the absence of a history of lung tuberculosis. As the diagnosis is histopathological, surgery in the form of a parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve is the treatment of choice, followed by 9 months of tuberculostatic medication. Only in cases in which the preoperative evidence (antecedents, chest X-rays) suggests the specific origin of the disease may antituberculosis treatment be given. Positive patient response is diagnostic.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reccurrent lingual hemiatrophy].

The author reported a 45-year-old woman with numerous developmental anomalies in whom lingual hemiatrophy preceded by strong occipital headaches followed tonsillectomy. After treatment considerable regeneration of tongue nuscle took place. The course of the disease was recurrent. In the differential diagnosis the author considered inflammatory processes, neoplastic diseases, developmental anomalies and toxic effect of procaine used in tonsillectomy as well as the possibility of deeply situated adhaesions in the vicinity of the hypoglossal nerve.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1977

[Reasons for the untimely diagnosis of bronchial cancer].

The work deals with the study of the causes of diagnosing advanced bronchial cancer. Based on a retrospective analysis of case reports and roentgenological findings in 200 patients, it is believed to be mandatory to carry on complete roentgenological examination of patients at early stages of patients' address for medical aid, and also to take into account the topography of neoplastic process and roentgenological manifestations of different stages of impaired bronchial patency.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Imaging of post-transplant spindle cell tumors.

Spindle/smooth muscle cell proliferation is an additional neoplastic process related to immunosuppression and EBV infection. We describe four post transplant children with this diagnosis. Multiple organ systems may be involved, particularly the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. Lesions are radiographically, clinically, and endoscopically indistinguishable from those of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD).

Child↗
PubMed1977

Localized tumor-like lesions in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon.

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon may manifest roentgenographically as localized tumor-like lesions of the colon. Such lesions are often of inflammatory origin but are likely to be mistaken for polypoid carcinoma or infiltrating submucosal malignancy. Four patients with localized inflammatory lesions of the colon that mimicked a neoplastic process are reported. The clinical features and the radiological-pathological correlation of such lesions are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Monoclonal B-cell population mimicking lymphoma in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of intraparenchymal brain lesions has usually required invasive diagnostic procedures, because too few cells are shed into cerebrospinal fluid to permit cytologic diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction technology makes it possible to identify cell populations that are present at a much lower frequency than traditional techniques. CASE REPORT: A young woman presented with multiple brain lesions raised the question of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of cerebrospinal fluid showed evidence of a monoclonal B-cell population heightening suspicion of lymphoma. Brain biopsy showed acute demyelination most consistent with multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION: Although T-cell restriction has been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis lesions, the finding of a monoclonal B-cell population was unexpected and to our knowledge has not been previously reported. This case emphasizes that monoclonality is not always indicative of a neoplastic process, particularly in the central nervous system.

Adult↗