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At least 1,657 records · Page 92Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Plant growth processes in Arabidopsis under microgravity conditions simulated by a clinostat.

The life cycle of Arabidopsis plants was examined by growing them on a horizontal clinostat. Seeds on agar media were allowed to germinate and seedlings were grown under a simulated microgravity on a horizontal clinostat. Clinorotation (3 rpm) did not appear to interfere with germination of plant seeds and development of cotyledons and leaves. Stress relaxation parameters of the cell wall, the minimum relaxation time and the relaxation rate did not appear to be affected by clinostat rotation. On the other hand, the length of inflorescences was reduced to 61-62% by clinostat rotation. Rotation was found to inhibit the polar transport of auxin, although inflorescence growth and auxin transport were not completely inhibited. From these facts, it is possible that the life cycle in Arabidopsis plants could be accomplished in space, although growth phenomena involving auxin transport and its action may be disturbed. Plants may have a capacity to grow in space and we may be able to cultivate crops in space.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1978

Pineal and suprasellar germinomas. Results of radiation treatment.

The results of radiation treatment of 52 patients with a tumor in the pineal region or a suprasellar germinoma are analyzed. The overall 5-year survival rate was 59%. Ten patients in whom initial biopsy confirmed pineal germinoma were all alive 2 to 121 months from diagnosis, although two developed meningeal seeding at 2 and 7 months. Twelve of 15 patients 25 years old or younger with an unbiopsied tumor in the pineal region were alive 12 to 225 months after irradiation, with a 5-year survival rate of 81%. In comparison only five of 16 patients older than 25 years with a pineal region tumor survived, a 5-year survival rate of 37%. This marked age dependence in survival rates was attributed to a high proportion of germinomas in the younger patients and gliomas in the older patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Apical pattern of fruit production in the racemes of Ceratonia siliqua (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae): role of pollinators.

Fruit production and arrangement within the raceme were studied in two dioecious populations of Ceratonia siliqua (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae), an arboreal species that produces caulogenous racemes (emerging only from the old branches) with numerous flowers. Fruit production per raceme was low and similar between years and populations and even between individuals. During flowering, there were considerable flower losses from predation and lack of pollination. A mean of nine flowers per raceme began the transformation into fruits, of which 77% aborted. The final fruit production per raceme increased significantly following hand pollination, but was always very much lower than the availability of flowers in the raceme. The results suggest that fruit production of each raceme is limited by both availability of resources and a deficient pollination. In racemes setting fruit arrangement follows a definite pattern that remains constant between years and populations: fruit production was significantly higher in the apical zone of the raceme and lower in the basal zone. The pollinators of C. siliqua (flies and wasps) showed a clear preference for beginning their visits at the apex of a raceme. As a result, the pollen load deposited on the stigmas decreased from apex to base of the raceme. In most of the flowers situated in the central and basal zone of the raceme, the number of pollen grains deposited on their stigmas was lower than the number of their ovules. The high number of seeds in developed fruits suggests that the plant selectively aborts flowers that receive a smaller pollen load. The results indicate that the final pattern of fruit arrangement within the raceme is a direct result of pollinator activity.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Pollen dispersal in Yucca filamentosa (Agavaceae): the paradox of self-pollination behavior by Tegeticula yuccasella (Prodoxidae).

We investigated pollen dispersal in an obligate pollination mutualism between Yucca filamentosa and Tegeticula yuccasella. Yucca moths are the only documented pollinator of yuccas, and moth larvae feed solely on developing yucca seeds. The quality of pollination by a female moth affects larval survival because flowers receiving small amounts of pollen or self-pollen have a high abscission probability, and larvae die in abscised flowers. We tested the prediction that yucca moths primarily perform outcross pollinations by using fluorescent dye to track pollen dispersal in five populations of Y. filamentosa. Dye transfers within plants were common in all populations (mean ± 1 SE, 55 ± 3.0%), indicating that moths frequently deposit self-pollen. Distance of dye transfers ranged from 0 to 50 m, and the mean number of flowering plants between the pollen donor and recipient was 5 (median = 0), suggesting that most pollen was transferred among near neighbors. A multilocus genetic estimate of outcrossing based on seedlings matured from open-pollinated fruits at one site was 94 ± 6% (mean ± 1 SD). We discuss why moths frequently deposit self-pollen to the detriment of their offspring and compare the yucca-yucca moth interaction with other obligate pollinator mutualisms in which neither pollinator nor plant benefit from self-pollination.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implantation metastasis following external biliary drainage in biliary tract cancers--cause for concern!

Three patients with periampullary cancer developed tumor seedings along the T-tube choledochostomy tract, thus precluding curative resection in two patients and an early recurrence at the choledochostomy exit site in the third patient. External biliary drainage and intraoperative bile spill should be avoided in patients with curable biliary tract neoplasms.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

The involvement of phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases in triacylglycerol production.

We have characterized three CoA-independent types of enzyme, phospholipases, phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) and cholinephosphotransferases, responsible for the removal of unusual fatty acids from phosphatidylcholine (PC) in microsomal preparations from developing oil seeds. The metabolism of sn-2-[(14)C]acyl-PC was monitored in microsomal preparations from various oilseeds having either medium-chain, acetylenic, epoxy or hydroxy fatty acids as their major fatty acids in the oil. The results indicate that PDAT plays a major role in removing ricinoleic acid and vernolic acid from phospholipids in Ricinus communis and Crepis palaestina seeds, respectively. However, vernolic, crepenynic and capric acids are primarily removed from phospholipids by phospholipases in Euphorbia lagascae, Crepis rubra and elm seeds, respectively. Further, we show that significant PDAT activity is also present in vegetative tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed2000

Temperature and oxygen regulation of microsomal oleate desaturase (FAD2) from sunflower.

The effect of temperature and oxygen on the in vivo oleate desaturation and microsomal oleate desaturase (FAD2) activity was studied in peeled developing sunflower seeds. Using an oxygen concentration that was saturating for FAD2 enzyme, the amount of linoleic acid increased for all studied temperatures, being maximal at 20 degrees C. Under these conditions, FAD2 activity increased at the beginning of the incubation, remaining constant for the rest of the time, but reaching a lower level at 30 degrees C. Anoxia brought about a decrease in the FAD2 activity for all studied temperatures, becoming faster as the temperature increased. All these data suggest that temperature and oxygen control the level of FAD2 activity by separate mechanisms.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed2003

In vitro propagation of emetic nut Randia dumetorum (Lamb.).

An efficient protocol for in vitro shoot multiplication of Randia dumetorum (Emetic nut) has been developed. The seeds of R. dumetorum were germinated in vitro in MS medium in 5 weeks. Subsequent propagation using shoot tip as an explant was carried out in MS medium along with different concentrations and combinations of BAP (0.5-2.0) and NAA (0.0-2.0). Maximum shoot multiplication was obtained (12.7 shoots per shoot tip) in MS medium containing 1 mg/L BAP and 1 mg/L NAA. Micropropagated shoots were rooted in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IBA. This is the first report of in vitro plant propagation of R. dumetorum. In vitro grown plantlets showed a survival rate of 70% after 2 months of transplantation to natural environment.

Culture Media↗
PubMed2005

[General remarks on brachytherapy].

Brachytherapy has long been used because its therapeutic gain factor is high. The high-dose-rate remote after loading system (RALS) that enables therapists to treat patients without any radiation exposure recently has become the mainstream method and has been used in preference to low-dose-rate brachytherapy. 192Ir fine seeds were developed to expand the number of diseases treated and to increase the precision of treatment through computerization. However, because of new adaptations of brachytherapy and its use with external irradiation and other techniques, new issues have been generated as a result of the technological advances in external beam radiotherapy. The current status of brachytherapy is summarized, and information on the cautions and future views for developments and problems in brachytherapy are given in this report.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoassay as an analytical tool in agricultural biotechnology.

Immunoassays for biotechnology engineered proteins are used by AgBiotech companies at numerous points in product development and by feed and food suppliers for compliance and contractual purposes. Although AgBiotech companies use the technology during product development and seed production, other stakeholders from the food and feed supply chains, such as commodity, food, and feed companies, as well as third-party diagnostic testing companies, also rely on immunoassays for a number of purposes. The primary use of immunoassays is to verify the presence or absence of genetically modified (GM) material in a product or to quantify the amount of GM material present in a product. This article describes the fundamental elements of GM analysis using immunoassays and especially its application to the testing of grains. The 2 most commonly used formats are lateral flow devices (LFD) and plate-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The main applications of both formats are discussed in general, and the benefits and drawbacks are discussed in detail. The document highlights the many areas to which attention must be paid in order to produce reliable test results. These include sample preparation, method validation, choice of appropriate reference materials, and biological and instrumental sources of error. The article also discusses issues related to the analysis of different matrixes and the effects they may have on the accuracy of the immunoassays.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2006

Teaching undergraduate nursing students critical thinking: An innovative informatics strategy.

Simulated e-Health Delivery System (SEEDS) uses a clinical information system (CIS) to teach students how to process data from virtual patient case studies and work with information technology. SEEDS was developed in response to the Institute of Medicine recommendation that students be taught about information systems in order to improve quality patient care and reduce errors. Curriculum implications, implementation of the system, and technology challenges are discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

Intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation for a patient having wide-spread embryonal carcinoma in the central nervous system.

A patient with an intracranial embryonal carcinoma, which was resistant to cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, developed spinal seeding. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and the beta chain of HCG (NCG beta) in serum or cerebrospinal fluid immediately returned to elevated levels despite sequential chemotherapy and resection. Accordingly, we treated this patient with spinal irradiation and intensive combination chemotherapy (cisplatin etoposide, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide and actinomycin D) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. With this treatment, the clinical manifestations showed a tendency to improve and, furthermore, the serum levels of AFP and HCG returned to normal. These findings suggest autologous bone marrow transplantation to be a potential approach to the treatment of patients with embryonal carcinomas.

Adult↗