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At least 1,657 records · Page 92Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Modification of dysfunctional patterns of sexual response through autonomic arousal and false physiological feedback.

Effects of autonomic arousal and positive-false vaginal blood volume (VBV) feedback were examined to identify how cognitive and physiological mechanisms mediate sexual arousal, and can be modified to reverse dysfunctional processes. Sixty-four matched sexually dysfunctional women were randomly assigned to 4 conditions: autonomic arousal-evoking or neutral-control preexposure film stimulus paired with an erotic stimulus, and positive-false VBV feedback or no feedback. Results revealed the following: (a) general autonomic arousal enhanced genital arousal; false feedback increased (b) expectations of sexual arousal, (c) actual vasocongestive response, and (d) the subsequent experience of sexual arousal; (e) heightened expectations with false feedback were followed by an increase in actual genital response within 30 s, and (f) the combined effects of autonomic arousal and false feedback enhanced expectations and subsequent genital arousal to levels comparable with those of sexually functional women (E.M. Palace & B.B. Gorzalka, 1990) within 3 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Waning sexual function--the most important disease-specific distress for patients with prostate cancer.

The objective was to investigate how prostate cancer and its treatment affects sexual, urinary and bowel functions and to what extent eventual complications cause distress. A questionnaire was sent to 431 men aged 50-80 years with prostate cancer diagnosed in 1992 in the Stockholm area (Sweden) and 435 randomly selected men with a similar age distribution. Sexual function, as compared with their youth, was diminished in a majority of all men. The prostate cancer patients were, however, more likely to report low frequency and/or intensity in all aspects of sexual function. A majority of the men were distressed by a waning sexual capacity. The proportion of men with prostate cancer who were severely distressed owing to a decline in sexual function was larger than in the reference group. The willingness to trade off an intact sexual function for long-term survival varied considerably among the men in the reference group. Urinary and bowel symptoms were less common than a waning sexual function in both groups, and few appeared to be severely distressed by urinary or bowel symptoms. A decline in sexual functions was the most common cause of disease-specific distress in men with prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Sex hormones and sexual function in obese men losing weight.

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of a weight-loss program on sex hormones and sexual function among 38 middle-aged obese men (BMI >or=35 kg/m(2)). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. The treatment group (n = 19) participated in a 4-month weight-loss program including 10 weeks on a very-low-energy diet (VLED) and 17 behavior modification visits. There was no intervention in the control group (n = 19). Both groups were followed for 8 months, i.e., 22 weeks after the active weight loss in the treatment group. The outcome measures (weight, sex hormones, sexual function, leptin, and metabolic variables) were obtained at baseline and at three time-points during follow-up. RESULTS: The mean weight loss in the treatment group was 21 kg at the end of the 10-week VLED. At the end of follow-up, the maintained weight loss was 17 kg of baseline weight. The control group was weight stable throughout the study. In the treatment group, increases in sex hormone-binding globulin, testosterone, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as decreases in insulin and leptin, were maintained until the end of follow-up, although with VLED, the level of several hormones and metabolic variables improved transiently during the rapid weight loss. There were no significant changes in the questionnaire scores on sexual function in either group. DISCUSSION: We conclude that obese men lose weight and increase their serum testosterone level on a weight-loss program with VLED and behavior modification. However, they do not change their sexual function scores.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1989

The sexuality of spinal cord injured women: physiology and pathophysiology. A review.

After a review of the literature concerning sexuality in spinal cord injured women, the authors studied the female paraplegic sexual responses, dependent on the different levels of injury, above thoracic 10; between thoracic 10 and thoracic 12; and distal to thoracic 12. Allowing for specific sexual differences, genito-sexual innervation appears to be analogous in males and in females. Sexual behaviour is, above all, determined by several neuro-psychological reactions. Pregnancy and delivery are also discussed according to the different levels of spinal cord injury. It is noted that the paraplegic mother and the fetus are exposed to additional risks during pregnancy. During delivery, two problems are considered, autonomous dysreflexia and caesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Factors associated with sexual functioning in women following spinal cord injury.

Research into sexuality following spinal cord injury (SCI) has tended to concentrate on male experiences and the physical capabilities for sexual intercourse. The sexuality of women following SCI has only recently been addressed and studies are limited to small numbers and the use of non-standardised measures. The present investigation utilised standard measures of affective state and body satisfaction together with pre and post-injury questionnaire information of sexual dysfunction, feelings about sex and importance of sexual activity in a group of 85 women with SCI. Sexual dysfunction increased significantly post-injury, whilst feelings about sex and it's importance were unaffected. Sexual dysfunction and the importance of sex were inversely correlated. General and Head satisfaction estimates were not significantly different to control samples, whilst Body Satisfaction was increased for women with disabilities. None of the body satisfaction measures were related to the sexual functioning measure. General dissatisfaction was associated depression. Both anxiety and depression were experienced by the same individuals, and anxiety related to current sexual dysfunction. Qualitative data supported previous findings concerning the effects of social and attitudinal barriers on sexual functioning.

Adolescent↗