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At least 1,657 records · Page 92Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Optimizing skin protection with semipermeable gloves.

BACKGROUND: Occlusion due to gloves is one important cause of glove irritation. Macerated softened skin gives poor protection against microbes and chemical injuries. The introduction of a breathable protective glove material would represent a significant step toward improved prevention of occupational skin disease. OBJECTIVE: Performance levels of semipermeable and occlusive gloves were examined under conditions typical of the hairdressing profession. In two studies, tests comparing breathable semipermeable gloves to single-use gloves made of occlusive materials were conducted. METHODS: In an initial study, a user survey was carried out in conjunction with bioengineering examinations. Values at baseline and values after gloves were worn were recorded by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin humidity (SH), and skin surface hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in 20 healthy volunteers. In a second study, the gloves were tested for penetrability and permeability with three chemical compounds typically used in the hairdressing profession. RESULTS: Bioengineering examination objectively confirmed users' reports of reduced hand perspiration when semipermeable gloves were worn. The TEWL, SH, and skin surface pH values remained largely stable after 20 minutes of wearing semipermeable gloves, in contrast to the reactions observed with gloves of occlusive materials. Permeability tests indicated that the semipermeable material is effective, with some restrictions. Air leakage testing revealed that all 50 gloves tested were not airtight. CONCLUSION: Following the optimization of manufacturing methods, additional tests of the penetrability of semipermeable gloves will be necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The reconstruction aides.

The reconstruction aides, civilian women who served in World War I, are credited with an influential role in the development of occupational therapy. Their task was to provide treatment in the form of occupation to enable servicemen suffering from wounds or battle neurosis to return to the battlefront. Although some occupational therapy aides were occupational therapists, many were teachers, artists, and craftspersons. This paper traces the history of the reconstruction aides, describes the women who served, and recounts their experiences. The relationships between reconstruction aides and other professions suggest the origins of current problems of professional identity and role delineation.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Subjective attitude of myocardial infarct patients to work and its objective occupational medical expert assessment].

The subjective attitude of 283 patients with myocardial infarction toward work was studied and 71.4% of them were found to be psychologically prepared to return to their professional occupation. Most of these patients were intellectuals with higher education. They motivated their wish to work with love for their profession and the attempt to avoid social isolation by working. Negative attitude toward labour showed 81 patients (28.6%) with the motivation that they could not cope with their professional obligations. The subjective attitude of the patients toward labour to a large extent corresponded to the objective evaluation of their fitness for work by the special medical committees.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Increased incidence of malignant tumors of the nose and nasal sinuses in workers in the wood industry and other occupations].

In the period of 1958-1979 in the files of National Cancer Register (NCR) of GDR 1,313 patients with nasal cancer (ICD 160) were registered in seven districts of the GDR. In collaboration with NCR the occupational history of 1,160 patients with nasal cancer was recorded by a questionnaire. The results suggest an increased number of tumors in several professions. Compared to about 19 expected tumors in male woodworkers the number of the observed was 70. This is a statistical significant risk of 3.6.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Policies: our footprints in the past, our signposts for the future.

Clearly established policies can guide our actions and activities and focus our attention. As our beliefs change so do our policies. It is the right as well as the responsibility of each of us as members of the American Occupational Therapy Association to watch for changes in our environment that might affect our thinking or our beliefs regarding our profession's role. Ideas for changes should be brought to the attention of the Representative Assembly, who will then be able to take action on possible policy changes. Our active involvement in this process will ensure that our policies are not just rigid, constraining dictums but are alive and changing with the times and truly reflect our footprints in the past and serve as our signposts for the future.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses and occupational violence: the role of organisational support in moderating professional competence.

OBJECTIVE: Occupational violence as experienced by professional nurses has been extensively researched. However, the majority of studies have focused primarily on psychological and emotional outcomes and have not identified any interventions that may reduce the impact of aggressive behaviour on professional competence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organisational support, occupational violence and perceived professional competence of professional nurses in Australia. DESIGN: A model testing research design was used to test the hypothesis that organisational support, as experienced by nurses, would moderate the relationship between occupational violence and perceived professional competence. SETTING: Nurses registered in Division 1 of the Nurses Board (Victoria, Australia). PARTICIPANTS: A systematic random sample of 380 registered nurses from the target population of nurses in Victoria was identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The relationship between organisational support, occupational violence and perceived professional competence of professional nurses in Australia. RESULTS: The result showed that there was a significant effect of occupational violence on perceived competence. Analysis of the moderating effect of organisational support on the relationship between occupational violence and professional competence showed there was significant organisational support and occupational violence interaction. Overall, the data analysis demonstrated the hypothesis was upheld that the negative effects of occupational violence on perceived professional competence will be moderated by perceived organisational support. CONCLUSIONS: The failure to receive appropriate organisational support may result in lowering professional nurses' competence levels, causing a significant problem for the profession in that a reduction in professional competence has significant implications for patient care. The findings heighten the responsibility of the nursing profession to become more aware of the needs of professional nurses.

Adult↗