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PubMed1984

[Peripheral arteriography at an advanced age using a new contrast agent].

A new non-ionic contrast agent containing 300 mg iodine/ml ( Jopamidol ) was used in angiographic examination of over 200 patients with a median age of about 70 years. A total of 492 arterial injections was performed. There were no serious side-effects, especially, there were no cardio-vascular disturbances nor any renal dysfunctions. It was remarkable though to note, the lack of subjective discomfort in most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Contrast media and pain in peripheral arteriography. Randomized, intra-individual double-blind trial: ioglicinate, ioglicinate-lidocaine, ioxaglate].

The intravasal application of contrast media (CM) can induce pain and heat. We assessed these local side effects by an intraindividual comparison in 60 patients with occlusive arterial disease. A dolorimeter and calorimeter (graduated scales) were employed to register and differentiate the subjective sensations experienced by the patient, while objective reactions (peripheral motoric reactions, circulatory parameters) were recorded by the trial list at the same time. Ioxaglate, an ionic dimer, was distinctly superior to Ioglicinate, an ionic CM. However, the differences were less marked in the comparison with a Ioglicinate-Lidocaine-mixture. Emphasis is given to the fact osmolality is the most important parameter in the generation of pain. Potential points at which the intraarterially administered local anaesthetic could attack are discussed. The clinical conclusions include consideration of the cost-effectivity ratios of the tested CM's and a discussion of whether or not modern standards still justify general anaesthesia for peripheral angiography.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical trial of iopamidol for lumbosacral myelography.

The results of the initial North American trial of the nonionic, water-soluble contrast medium iopamidol for lumbosacral myelography are reported. The iopamidol was easily visualized by fluoroscopy during introduction, and the radiographic quality of all 12 conventional myelographic examinations was excellent. The diagnoses were herniated nucleus pulposus (seven), traumatic dislocation (one), metastasis (one), and normal (three). One patient had a repeat myelogram with a different hydrosoluble contrast medium 2 months after his iopamidol examination and surgery and showed no radiographic evidence of arachnoiditis. The adverse reactions were all mild and transient: headache (four cases), nausea (two), and leg pain (one). There were no diaphoresis, fever, seizures, hallucinations, agitation, or vital sign changes. Electrocardiography, hematology, and blood chemistries were all normal. In two patients, electroencephalogram changes, three to four bursts of diffuse intermittent rhythmic delta activity with no spiking, were present at 6 hr with return to normal at 24 hr.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1982

[Side effects and contrast medium resorption of iopamidol and iocarmate in lumbar myelography].

Lumbar myelographies were carried out with lopamidol and locarmat of identical concentrations of iodine in 2 groups of 20 patients each. In about one-third of the cases, clinical side effects and EEG changes were found after the examination without difference with the exception of one seizure and one state of confusion which occurred only after locarmat. Resorption of the contrast media was judged by CT examinations of the lumbar spine and the head. There was a more rapid decrease of lumbar contrast density in patients with a narrow lumbar sac which was accompanied by a more rapid intracranial accumulation of the contrast medium. This may be due to a more active transport of cerebrospinal fluid in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Early diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome by computed tomography and ultrasonography: report of five cases.

In 5 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome, computed tomography after intravenous bolus injection of iodinated contrast agents demonstrated images not previously seen in other diseases. The images are compatible with stagnation of contrast material at the periphery of the liver. In 3 of the 5 cases, grey-scale ultrasonography failed to document the normal hepatic veins draining into the inferior caval vein, but showed an intrahepatic network of comma-shaped venous structures. It is proposed that these two noninvasive approaches can help in establishing an early diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[1st experience with Solutrast, a new contrast medium for myelography].

Following a brief survey of myelographic results with aqueous contrast media, the article reports on the results obtained in 150 myelographies with the new contrast medium Lopamidol = Solutrast. This substance was found to be very well tolerated, involving low risk, and is suitable for examining the entire vertebral canal. The image quality is faultless.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1983

[New contrast agents of the ionic group (Rayvist 300 and Rayvist 350)].

Using the newest ionic contrast agents Rayvist 300 and Rayvist 350, investigations were made which factors contribute to the quality of an urogram. The parameters (ml contrast medium/kg, mg iodine/sq. meter, mg iodine/kg, ml contrast medium/m2) were calculated. The results showed that high doses of the contrast agent do not guarantee good quality of urograms. A higher concentrated contrast agent (in this series Rayvist 350) gave better urograms and contrast respectively. High iodine dosage, associated with low concentration did produce worse results. Dose recommendations are given for children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Jopamidol, a non-ionic x-ray contrast medium--tolerance from a neurological viewpoint].

A double-blind trial was carried out in 80 patients, whereby jopamidol, the first stabilized non-ionic contrast medium, and meglumine iodamine were compared in 40 patients undergoing cranial computed tomography and 40 patients subjected to cerebral angiography. There was no difference in the quality of the radiographs. Jopamidol was better tolerated and caused significantly fewer side effects or complications than meglumine iodamine. Our evidence suggests that jopamidol has significant advantages over currently employed contrast media for cranial computed tomography and cerebral angiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Neurotoxicologic effects of the nonionic contrast agent iopamidol on the leptomeninges of the dog.

The effect of iopamidol on the leptomeninges was tested and compared with that of metrizamide and normal saline solution in 18 dogs. Pathologic and clinical effects were evaluated at 24 hours and 14 days after cisternal injection of iopamidol, metrizamide, or normal saline solution. Pathologic changes were evaluated by microscopic examination of serial CSF samples and of sections of brain and spinal cord with the leptomeninges intact. Clinical changes were subjectively evaluated. Electromyograms and EEG were performed on each dog after physical and neurologic examination. There were no changes seen in neurologic status, electromyogram, or EEG in any of the dogs immediately after subarachnoid injection nor at 24 hours or 14 days later. Pathologic changes were limited to mild, moderate, or severe patchy hemorrhagic leptomeningitis seen at 24 hours after iopamidol or metrizamide was injected. The severity of changes were judged to be similar with both these agents. The CSF analysis and histologic evaluation of brain and spinal cord sections revealed a neutrophilic response to iopamidol and a mononuclear response to metrizamide. These findings indicate that iopamidol has minimal neurotoxicologic effect on the leptomeninges and therefore has merit as a myelographic agent.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Objective evaluation of tolerance of ventriculography with different x-ray contrast media (according to the results of nystagmography)].

The vestibulo-oculomotor reflex (nystagmus) was recorded by means of electronystagmography in 33 neurosurgical patients in dynamics prior to and after ventriculography. For contrasting the ventricular system a water-soluble medium (Conrey, dimer-X or Amipak) was used in 18 patients and contrast mixtures of water-soluble agents in combination with Myodil emulsion in 15. It was established that after ventriculography with water-soluble media the nystagmus hardly changed, while after the use of mixtures of radiocontrast media the trunk vestibular reactions in all types of nystagmus grew frequently and sharply and the vestibulovegetative reactions increased markedly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Neuroradiological experiences iopamidol, a new non-ionic hydro-soluble contrast medium. Comparison to metrizamide with special considerations of side effects and pharmacodynamics with regard to clinical use (author's transl)].

A report is given about the non-ionic hydrosoluble contrast medium Iopamidol, which is compared to metrizamide for lumbosacral radiculography and computed tomography cisternography (CTC). The side effects are discussed. A raised attenuation value of brain parenchyma is the effect of a migration of contrast medium into extracellular space. A quantitative measurement is possible through density profiles at different times after the contrast application together with planimetry, which are characteristic for the normal and the various pathologic kinds of CSF dynamics. These results and the simultaneously registered EEG-changes are giving informations of the pathophysiology of intrathecally used contrast media. Therefore is indispensable to keep the amount of contrast substance as low as possible. The paper gives hints for the dosage.

Adult↗