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At least 1,657 records · Page 92Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Interest of biology in the management of pregnancies where a fetal malformation has been detected by ultrasonography.

The results of two French collaborative studies are reported with respect to chromosomal and biochemical analyses following the ultrasonographic detection of a fetal anomaly. Overall, chromosomal anomalies were observed in 14.8%, ranging from 8.6% in isolated single malformations to 40.5% in multiple fetal malformations associated with intrauterine growth retardation. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) electrophoresis was performed on the amniotic fluid of 64 cases of ultrasonographically diagnosed isolated hydrocephalus. 8 cases of previously unsuspected open neural tube defects were diagnosed by AChE. Digestive microvillar enzyme assays were useful in the precise diagnosis of suspected gastrointestinal anomaly. The correlation of the results of ultrasonography and chromosomal and biochemical analyses is the basis for the diagnosis and the prognosis of pregnancy.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1979

Legal opinion on position paper: withholding treatment.

We have reviewed carefully the position paper and wish to provide the Association with our opinion with respect to the legal implications involved. This is one paper which clearly supports the "right to life" of newly born retarded or mentally defective infants. In our opinion, this position is entirely within the law. However, the paper does raise a number of significant legal questions which we believe warrant consideration. It is our respectful opinion that a physician, when faced with a situation of parental choice to withhold treatment, should seek the guidance of the Court and only withhold treatment or administer treatment with the back-up of a Court order.

Down Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

"Who should survive?: one of the choices on our conscience": mental retardation and the history of contemporary bioethics.

The film "Who Should Survive?: One of the Choices on Our Conscience" contains a dramatization of the death of an infant with Down syndrome as the result of the parents' decision not to have a congenital intestinal obstruction surgically corrected. The dramatization was based on two similar cases at The Johns Hopkins Hospital and was financed by the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., Foundation. When "Who Should Survive?" was exhibited in 1971, the public reaction was generally critical of the parents' decision and the physicians' inaction. Although technological developments in medicine were a necessary condition for the production of this film and its unanticipated reception, they were not a sufficient condition. The proximate cause was a changed understanding of the capabilities of individuals with Down syndrome. Part of the impetus for this change was data showing the adverse effects of institutionalization on normal children.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Distention of the fetal duodenum: abnormal finding?

We investigated whether a fluid-filled duodenum is observed in normal fetuses. In part 1 of the study a view in the region of the duodenum was obtained during routine obstetric ultrasonography from 123 low-risk patients. All examinations demonstrated a collapsed duodenum. No gastrointestinal abnormalities were found in these infants. In part 2 of the study, 1163 fetuses (both high-risk and low-risk) were evaluated with real-time scanning, and duodenal fluid without a "double bubble" was seen in one fetus who had a duodenal web. We conclude that a nondistended fetal duodenum is the norm. If fetal duodenal dilation is visualized, this may allow for earlier detection of duodenal obstructions.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1978

[Quality and quantity of the amino acid pattern in protracted total parenteral hyperalimentation of newborns after surgery].

The determination of plasma amino acids is of utmost importance in the newborn, since there is little information about cumulation or chronic deficiency in long-term parenteral nutrition, in particular in the operated neonate. Two patients were investigated, the first of which was subject to total parenteral nutrition for 115, the second for 56 consecutive days. The plasma levels of amino acids are discussed in relation to clinical findings and nitrogen-balances. The importance of an adequate administration of trace minerals is stressed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Intestinal blind pouch- and blind loop- syndrome in children operated previously for congenital duodenal obstruction.

A follow-up study of 27 children operated for congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) in the years 1953--71 is presented. Nine children belonged to the intrinsic and 18 children to the extrinsic group of CDO. A total of 7 retrocolic, isoperistaltic, side-to-side duodeno-jejunostomy, 7 Ladd's operation, 8 duodenolysis, 2 reduction of midgut volvulus, 2 duodenostomy a.m. Morton and one gastro-jejunostomy were performed at the age of 1 day--15 years. The clinical and radiological examinations were performed 3--21 years (mean 10 years 2 months) after these operations. In 3 cases there was a moderate duodenal dilatation, but reoperation was not necessary. During the follow-up period, one boy, now aged 8 years, developed a blind pouch-syndrome in the I portion of the duodenum containing a 5 x 5 cm phytobezoar 4 1/2 years after duodeno-jejunostomy. The frequency of blind pouch-syndrome after duodeno-jejunostomy was thus 1:7 or 14%. One girl, now aged 9 years, developed a blind loop-syndrome in the ileocaecal segment 3 months after side-to-side ileotransversostomy, which was performed from adhesion-obstruction after duodenolysis for malrotation I and CDO. Both the blind pouch- and the blind loop-deformation were resected and the children recovered well. To avoid blind-pouch- and blind loop-deformations in the intestines, the anastomosis must be made wide enough, and especially in the surgery of the jejuno-ileo-colic region an end-to-end anastomosis is preferable.

Bezoars↗
PubMed1998

[Duodenal diaphragm in children (two cases)].

Duodenal diaphragm is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Two pediatric cases are reported in which vomiting of bile-stained material and distension of the epigastrium were the main clinical signs. Roentgenograms and sonograms were highly suggestive. Duodenal bypass was easy to perform and effective. Nevertheless, it must be kept in mind that associated anomalies are frequent and may be severe.

Child, Preschool↗