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PubMed2006

Evaluation of wear and subsequent dye penetration of endodontic temporary restorative materials.

This study evaluated the wear resistance and sealing property of endodontic temporary restoratives by means of functional stressing using a wear simulator. The pulp chamber of 28 extracted molars was opened and filled with cotton, and then the cavity was filled with a temporary material--Caviton, Temporary Pack, Neodyne-alpha, or TERM. Specimens were subjected to a wear test, and data for wear and dye penetration were analyzed by one-way ANOVA independently (p < 0.05). Wear values of Neodyne-alpha (0.09 +/- 0.05 mm) and TERM (0.24 +/- 0.06 mm) were significantly less than those of Caviton (1.79 +/- 0.15 mm) and Temporary Pack (1.02 +/- 0.40 mm). In terms of dye penetration, Neodyne-a leaked significantly less than the other materials at 0.40 +/- 0.32 mm. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between TERM (1.30 +/- 0.57 mm) and Temporary Pack (2.10 +/- 0.12 mm), and between Caviton (2.60 +/- 0.41 mm) and Temporary Pack.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Application of nondestructive testing in cyclic fatigue evaluation of endodontic Ni-Ti rotary instruments.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of nondestructive testing in cyclic fatigue evaluation of endodontic ProFile nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments. As-received ProFile instruments were made to rotate freely in sloped metal blocks by a contra-angle handpiece mounted on a testing machine. Rotation was interrupted periodically, and the instrument removed and engaged onto a device to monitor its stiffness by using two strain gauges in four different directions. This monitoring method has the potential to be developed into a convenient, nondestructive turnkey system that allows in situ assessment of the integrity of NiTi instruments in the clinic. Upon fracture, which was indicated by a change in instrument stiffness, the fractured surface would be examined under a scanning electron microscope. Microscopic evaluation indicated a small area of fatigue fracture with a large area of final ductile fracture, whereby the latter was the major cyclic failure mode. Based on the results of this study, we concluded that a potential nondestructive integrity assessment method for NiTi rotary instruments was developed.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A review of endodontic medicaments.

Endodontic intracanal medicaments are often used when root canal therapy cannot be completed in a single visit. Properties of the more commonly used medicaments are outlined, their effectiveness is examined, and recommendations for use are made, based on evidence in the literature reviewed here.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evaluation of apical leakage for three endodontic fill systems.

This study evaluated the apical leakage for three endodontic systems: (1) lateral condensation with Essential Dental System's epoxy adhesive: (2) Thermafil with Thermaseal adhesive; and (3) EZ-Fill Bi-directional spiral with EDS' epoxy adhesive. Five groups of 10 recently extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. Results showed that lateral condensation, and the EDS' EZ-Fill Bi-directional, and Thermafil techniques did not differ from each other, but differed from the no treatment group and the instrumented-unfilled group. In the current study, the EZ-Fill Bi-directional technique produced a tighter apical seal than either lateral condensation or Thermafil obturation techniques, but they all were not significantly different. EZ-Fill Bi-directional is a faster and more economical alternative to lateral condensation and Thermafil obturation.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1999

Anesthesia for endodontic practice.

The ability to provide excellent, high-quality pain control in endodontic practice is based on a practical knowledge of the indications and limits of intraoral local anesthesia. This article reviews clinically relevant aspects of anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology that contribute to the effective use of local anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1999

Applications for guided bone regeneration in endodontic surgery.

Regeneration of apical bony defects remains a significant problem in endodontic surgery. When a resorbable membrane is placed over a defect, it acts as a barrier between the defect and the overlying gingival tissue. This barrier membrane provides sufficient time for bone to regenerate while preventing the faster growing connective tissue from invaginating into the area. When new tissue replicates the structure and function of the lost tissue, then apical regeneration has occurred.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Guided tissue regeneration in endodontics. Part 1].

Over the past twenty years, Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) has become an accepted technique for the treatment of tissue loss consequent to periodontal disease. The principles of GTR have recently begun to be employed in endodontics since pulpal necrosis often leads to periodontal tissue loss as a result of the leakage of noxious irritants through apical foramina and accessory canals. This treatment modality is still in its early days for the management of endo-perio lesions and is most appropriately used in specific types of cases. This article, the first of a two-part series, presents a review of the literature about the mechanisms of action of GTR and discusses some of the products used to bring about GTR.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed1999

[Guided tissue regeneration in endodontics (2)].

Part I of this article (J Can Dent Assoc 65:394-8) looked at the application of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in endodontics, the mechanisms of action of GTR and its various presentations. Part II examines the technique for surgically inserting a membrane for GTR, based on a review of the current literature.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Instrumentation enhances today's endodontic care.

The field of endodontics has virtually exploded in the last several years with technological advances and improvements in many areas. The largest change has occurred with the introduction of nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation, warm gutta-percha obturation, microscopes, and digital imaging. Prominent new devices and instruments are presented with a brief overview of items listed with a source.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed1975

[X-rays findings within the frame of endodontics].

Radiograms and radiological findings are indispensable in endodontic treatment in the following cases: 1. for diagnosing diseases of the pulp and the apical periodontium. 2. for determining the length of the root canal 3. when via falsa is suspected. 4. after the root canal was filled.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1997

Local and systemic therapeutics for the control of endodontic pain.

Endodontic pain is best managed by eliminating the source as completely as possible. When it is determined that drugs are required, judicious use of local anesthetics and nonopioid analgesics can be beneficial and provide the first course of action. When it is determined that the pain will not be managed by these measures alone, the addition of an opioid analgesic may be considered with the understanding that more adverse side effects attend their use.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1999

Bond strengths to endodontically-treated teeth.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the bond strengths of three different types of resin bonding systems to teeth prepared for endodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Access cavity preparation and removal of pulpal tissue were performed in bovine incisors. The root canals were chemically irrigated with saline (control), 5% sodium hypochlorite, 3% hydrogen peroxide, or combinations of both for 60 s. After storage in water for 1 d, the dentin surface was ground to a flat surface with 600-grit SiC under water. The area for bonding was demarcated with a vinyl tape (4 mm-in-diameter hole), and bonded using either Clearfil Liner Bond II, Single Bond, or Superbond C&B. After storage in 37 degrees C water for 1 d, tensile bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. Ten teeth were tested for each group. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test revealed that Single Bond and Superbond C&B had a statistically lower (P < 0.05) bond strengths in the chemical irrigation groups compared with the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A general dentist's viewpoint of two new endodontic techniques.

Over 3 years ago, two new endodontic techniques were developed. The first was a straightforward, comprehensive approach for root canal instrumentation. The second was a simple and predictable obturation system. The combination of these systems lead to impressive results that were easily attained. The instrumentation method uses existing armamentarium, allowing nearly any canal to be shaped to ideal form to precisely match a tapered gutta percha point. The root canal sealer technique incorporates controlled placement of a modified epoxy-resin cement that allows for a thoroughly sealed, single-cone root canal fill. The results rival other available systems. This article presents a stepwise guide to achieve stress-free, successful case results that general dentists and endodontists desire.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

[Long term evaluation of results of endodontic treatments of dental pulp necrosis (74 cases obturated by the monoconal technique].

Various factors may affect the outcome of root canal therapy. In this study 74 endodontocally treated pulpless teeth were evaluated: (43 with periapical radiolucency and 31 without periapical lesions). These 74 non surgical treatment were performed in 60 patients (26 men and 34 women) by undergraduated students. The overall success rate was 71.62%; the rate of success for cases with no periapical radiolucency exceeded 80% whereas only 62.8% of the cases with perapical radiolucency had undergone partial resolution or complete resolution. Only 17.1% of lesions demonstrated complete radiographic resolution 12 to 16 months after the endodontic treatment. Reasons that may explain the low success rate are lake of asepty, root canal preparation and root canal filling technique.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed2000

[Use of the TRI AUTO ZX instrument in clinical endodontics].

The aim of this study was to test the clinical reliability and applicability of TRI AUTO ZX (TAZX) instrument for working length determination and shaping as well as widening of root canals. Thirty teeth were treated by the means of TAZX instruments. A close correlation was found between working length data obtained by TAZX instrument and by conventional radiography. Using TAZX no failure (file separation, apical foramen transposition, etc.) was observed. According to our experiences TRAZX instrument seems to be a valuable tool for endodontic procedures.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1999

Two radicular cysts associated with endodontically treated primary teeth: rationale for long-term follow-up.

Although radicular cysts are relatively rare, they do occur. In addition, it appears that these lesions present in association with endodontically treated primary teeth. As shown in this paper and previous reports, cysts can be associated with a variety of pulp therapies. These lesions can lead to bony expansion and resorption. Radicular cysts may also cause displacement and damage to the developing permanent dentition. Given the severity of these sequelae it is prudent to recommend regular radiographic examination of primary teeth that have undergone pulp therapy.

Child↗