Lumisight table: an interactive view-dependent tabletop display.
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Computer Peripherals↗
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Results for “Data Storage And Retrieval”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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Performance analysis of motion-compensated de-interlacing systems.
A lot of research has been conducted on motion-compensated (MC) de-interlacing, but there are very few publications that discuss the performances of de-interlacing quantatively. The various methods are compared through their performance on known video sequences. Linear system analysis of interlaced video and de-interlacer are proposed in. It is well established that the performance of the MC methods outperform the fixed or motion-adaptive methods when the motion vectors used are reliable and true to the scene content. Being an open-loop process the performance of the MC de-interlacers degrade drastically when there are motion vector errors. In this paper, a linear system analysis of MC video upconversion systems is presented and the effects of motion vector accuracy on system performance are analyzed. We investigate the various factors that contribute to the motion vector inaccuracy, such as incorrect motion modelling, acceleration between the frames, and insufficient interpolation kernel.
Algorithms↗
Visualization of geologic stress perturbations using Mohr diagrams.
Huge salt formations, trapping large untapped oil and gas reservoirs, lie in the deepwater region of the Gulf of Mexico. Drilling in this region is high-risk and drilling failures have led to well abandonments, with each costing tens of millions of dollars. Salt tectonics plays a central role in these failures. To explore the geomechanical interactions between salt and the surrounding sand and shale formations, scientists have simulated the stresses in and around salt diapirs in the Gulf of Mexico using nonlinear finite element geomechanical modeling. In this paper, we describe novel techniques developed to visualize the simulated subsurface stress field. We present an adaptation of the Mohr diagram, a traditional paper-and-pencil graphical method long used by the material mechanics community for estimating coordinate transformations for stress tensors, as a new tensor glyph for dynamically exploring tensor variables within three-dimensional finite element models. This interactive glyph can be used as either a probe or a filter through brushing and linking.
Algorithms↗
Designing for social data analysis.
The NameVoyager, a Web-based visualization of historical trends in baby naming, has proven remarkably popular. We describe design decisions behind the application and lessons learned in creating an application that makes do-it-yourself data mining popular. The prime lesson, it is hypothesized, is that an information visualization tool may be fruitfully viewed not as a tool but as part of an online social environment. In other words, to design a successful exploratory data analysis tool, one good strategy is to create a system that enables "social" data analysis. We end by discussing the design of an extension of the NameVoyager to a more complex data set, in which the principles of social data analysis played a guiding role.
Computer Graphics↗
Data mining in spontaneous reports.
The increasing size of spontaneous report data sets and the increasing capability for screening such data due to increases in computational power has led to a recent increase in interest and use of data mining on such data. While data mining plays an important role in the analysis of spontaneous reports, there is general debate on how and when data mining should be best performed. While the cornerstone principles for data mining of spontaneous reports have been in place since the 1960s, several significant changes have occurred to make their use widespread. Superficially the Bayesian methods seem unnecessarily complex, particularly given the nature of the data, but in practice implementation in Bayesian framework gives clear benefits. There are difficulties evaluating the performance of the methods, but they work and save resources in managing large data sets. The use of neural networks allows more sophisticated pattern recognition to be performed.
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
General database for ground water site information.
In most cases, analysis and modeling of flow and transport dynamics in ground water systems require long-term, high-quality, and multisource data sets. This paper discusses the structure of a multisite database (the H+ database) developed within the scope of the ERO program (French Environmental Research Observatory, http://www.ore.fr). The database provides an interface between field experimentalists and modelers, which can be used on a daily basis. The database structure enables the storage of a large number of data and data types collected from a given site or multiple-site network. The database is well suited to the integration, backup, and retrieval of data for flow and transport modeling in heterogeneous aquifers. It relies on the definition of standards and uses a templated structure, such that any type of geolocalized data obtained from wells, hydrological stations, and meteorological stations can be handled. New types of platforms other than wells, hydrological stations, and meteorological stations, and new types of experiments and/or parameters could easily be added without modifying the database structure. Thus, we propose that the database structure could be used as a template for designing databases for complex sites. An example application is the H+ database, which gathers data collected from a network of hydrogeological sites associated with the French Environmental Research Observatory.
Databases, Factual↗
A design for a relational database for the calculation and storage of greenhouse gas emissions.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published guidelines for the development of national greenhouse gas-emissions inventories and recommendations for collecting data necessary to calculate greenhouse gas emissions. Many regional and local jurisdictions will be performing inventories of greenhouse gas emissions and estimating the benefits of mitigation strategies to reduce emissions. This article advocates the development of relational databases to calculate and store emissions estimates based on IPCC guidelines and quantities of precursors of greenhouse gases. Specific examples of tables and queries are used to illustrate calculation methods and formulae, the choice of database keys, and the choice of methods for joining tables to construct queries.
Carbon Dioxide↗
The Social Security Administration "presumed living" search.
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Breast Neoplasms↗
Enquiry-based learning: an introductory guide.
Enquiry-based learning uses real life situations to analyse and possibly refine nursing practice. Bob Price discusses the process.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Implementation and deployment of healthcare management information system.
In the following article we present development of the Management Information System, an implementation of our own Data Warehouse, build on top of the existing Healthcare Information System. We discuss requirements and phases of development of the system, we present the structure of the system, the experiences with end users and obstacles that we met, as well as possible improvements end extensions of the system. The system is designed as a framework that works with workload measurement sub-systems, which are defined as multidimensional arrays, and are observed through different units of time. Each of the axis has several hierarchical structures build on top of it. Setting up the system is a difficult task, because it requires a good knowledge of organisational structure of a particular hospital. We used an incremental approach in defining the organisational structure. On top of the framework we build a user customisable graphical user interface, which enables different types of end users to efficiently use the system.
Data Collection↗
Matters to consider when implementing direct digital radiography in the dental office.
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Alveolar Process↗
Issues in pooling administrative data for economic evaluation.
Managed care, in particular the health maintenance organization (HMO), now dominates US healthcare delivery, and economic evaluation is receiving increasing attention as a management tool that can be tailored to its perceived business needs. This encourages use of HMO administrative data as an efficient source of resource utilization and cost measures. Use of administrative data coincides with growing research interest in multisite analyses that increase external validity. The best alternative to a nationally representative data set is to pool administrative data from multiple sites within one database. However, pooling administrative data is problematic because HMO data sources reflect differences in systems of care, costing, and coding. This paper describes issues inherent in the pooling of HMO administrative cost data for use in multisite economic evaluations. We describe the attributes of administrative data that are relevant to costing and discuss their implications for multisite economic evaluations. We then briefly describe our experience with pooling multisite cost data, discuss lessons learned, and offer suggestions for researchers working with such data, followed by concluding comments. Multisite administrative data provide unique opportunities to conduct population-based clinical and economic research.
Community Health Planning↗
Picture archiving and communication in radiology.
After over 80 years of exclusive archiving of radiologic films, at present, in Radiology, digital archiving is increasingly gaining ground. Digital archiving allows a considerable reduction in costs and space saving, but most importantly, immediate or remote consultation of all examinations and reports in the hospital clinical wards, is feasible. The RIS system, in this case, is the starting point of the process of electronic archiving which however is the task of PACS. The latter can be used as radiologic archive in accordance with the law provided that it is in conformance with some specifications as the use of optical long-term storage media or with electronic track of change. PACS archives, in a hierarchical system, all digital images produced by each diagnostic imaging modality. Images and patient data can be retrieved and used for consultation or remote consultation by the reporting radiologist who requires images and reports of previous radiologic examinations or by the referring physician of the ward. Modern PACS owing to the WEB server allow remote access to extremely simplified images and data however ensuring the due regulations and access protections. Since the PACS enables a simpler data communication within the hospital, security and patient privacy should be protected. A secure and reliable PACS should be able to minimize the risk of accidental data destruction, and should prevent non authorized access to the archive with adequate security measures in relation to the acquired knowledge and based on the technological advances. Archiving of data produced by modern digital imaging is a problem now present also in small Radiology services. The technology is able to readily solve problems which were extremely complex up to some years ago as the connection between equipment and archiving system owing also to the universalization of the DICOM 3.0 standard. The evolution of communication networks and the use of standard protocols as TCP/IP can minimize problems of data and image remote transmission within the healthcare enterprise as well as over the territory. However, new problems are appearing as that of digital data security profiles and of the different systems which should ensure it. Among these, algorithms of electronic signature should be mentioned. In Italy they are validated by law and therefore can be used in digital archives in accordance with the law.
Algorithms↗
[The ideal form of laboratory information management].
In a clinical laboratory, not many staff can point out the problems of laboratory information management. Although the clinical laboratory introduced information systems in early stage, no organization supplies specialists to this field. Much knowledge is hidden in the clinical laboratory data, which can be discovered by data-mining technology. We can contribute to medical development with this technology. Moreover, the cost of routine work and research work may also be mitigated. However, data-mining technology including structurally recorded data and diversified analytic systems are required to build such capability. The laboratory information management division should make sufficient use of the formal information with non-fixed data base searching. This section should become an important section in the hospital by supplying advanced knowledge discovery and strategic decision-making. In this paper, we discuss the necessity of the information education in the clinical laboratory field and describe the importance of information management in a clinical laboratory.
Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
[Some technical problems in setting up hospital PACS].
Having introduced PACS in brief, this paper presents some technical problems such as the selection of scale, function, database and monitor. And many solutions for these problems are given and compared with each other.
Data Collection↗
Computer storage of toxicology methods and postmortem drug determinations.
Two data bases have been developed by toxicologists from the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in New Zealand. The data bases are designed to store and retrieve postmortem drug and poison levels (TOXFILE) and methods used in drug and poison determinations (TOXMETH). TOXFILE contains a list of all the analytical results determined in toxicological cases received by the three laboratories. This method of storing the data has been found superior to the previously used card systems. The file also contains a reference to the analytical method which is very important for the interpretation of the results. TOXMETH contains a list of the analytical methods which have been developed and are in use in one or more of the three Chemistry Division toxicology laboratories. Methods can be added, modified and superseded as approaches change. A Chemistry Division Report (Pannell, L.K. et al., Chemistry Division Report No. CD: 2195, 1983) has been published containing all the programs and instructions. Copies of this are available from the authors on request. Computer magnetic tapes of the programs, the report and the data are also available. The names of the deceased on the TOXFILE data file are encrypted to provide increased security of the information. The TOXFILE data file which will be supplied on magnetic tape to overseas laboratories will have the name file on all records changed to 'CD' to provide complete confidentiality.
Autopsy↗
ICD data storage: value in arrhythmia management.
Sophisticated diagnostic information is provided by the latest generation of implantable defibrillators. The success of therapy and the type of therapy successful in terminating ventricular arrhythmias is provided by interrogating the ICD device. In addition, R to R interval information can be retrieved. In selected devices, either local bipolar electrograms from the rate sensing leads or wide bipolar electrograms from the energy delivering leads provide visual confirmation of the presence of ventricular tachyarrthythmic events leading to therapy. The value and limitations of this sophisticated diagnostic information in providing insight into the electrical events triggering therapy and the events triggering ventricular arrhythmias are discussed.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗