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At least 1,657 records · Page 92Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[The role of nitric oxide in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats].

The relationship between blood pressure(BP) and nitric oxide(NO) in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats (2K1C) was investigated. Although urinary NO2- + NO3-(NOx) excretion (UNOX V) increased 2 weeks after surgery (2W-2K1C), UNOX V decreased 4 weeks after surgery (4W-2K1C) compared with that of the control. UNOX V levels were restored 2 weeks after unclipping (U2K1C). BP and UNOX V did not change in 2K1C after treatment with L-arginine (Arg-2K1C). Aorta from 4W-2K1C and Arg-2K1C showed significantly decreased relaxation responses to acetylcholine(Ach), but Ach-induced relaxation of aorta in U2K1C returned to control-level responses. De-endothelialized aorta from 4W-2K1C, Arg-2K1C, and U2K1C had significantly decreased relaxation responses to lipopolysaccharide. These data suggest that: (1) transient increase of NO synthesis is accompanied by elevation of BP, but long-term elevation of BP decreases NO synthesis in endothelium and smooth muscle cells: (2) L-arginine supplement has no effect on the development of hypertension and on NO production by endothelium and smooth muscle cells in 2K1C.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1998

[A patient with EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia who underwent emergent clipping surgery for a ruptured aneurysm].

A 42-year-old female with EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia underwent emergent clipping surgery for a ruptured aneurysm. On admission, the platelet count was low, but bleeding time and coagulation test were within normal limits. The blood smear anticoagulated with EDTA revealed remarkable agglutination of platelets, while heparinized blood showed a normal level. Diagnosis of EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia was made. The progressive drop in platelet count occurred within 10 minutes in the presence of EDTA. The autocounter misjudged the agglutination of platelets as red or white blood cells. The earlier study reported the incidence of this diseases as 0.07%. This disease is often misdiagnosed. Therefore, thrombocytopenia without any clinical symptom should be considered as showing a possible symptom of EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Restriction digest of PCR-amplified mtDNA from fin clips is an assay for sequence genetic "tags" among hundreds of fish in wild populations.

We tested the feasibility of recovering from wild populations mitochondrial DNA genetic "tags" that might result from release of hatchery-reared fingerlings for marine stock enhancement. A practical, nondestructive method of genetic "tag" recovery would allow quantitative assessment of the efficacy of such programs. A rare mtDNA variant with two sites each instead of one for TaqI and RsaI in the control region was used as a mock genetic "tag" in snook (Centropomus undecimalis). We assayed for the variant among nearly 900 fish by restriction digests of DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) obtained from fin-clip extracts, finding only a single second example of the variant. Thus, mtDNA "tags" can be nondestructively assayed for with specificity among hundreds of individuals.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Mechanical vascular clips with an automatic stapler in reconstructive microsurgery. Apropos of 16 clinical cases].

From October 1995 through March 1997, we performed 30 microsurgical reconstructions and achieved microvascular anastomoses in 16 with an automatic stapler (VCS) which allows insertion of titanium clips in the everted vessel walls. The mean age of the patients (15 men, 1 woman) was 42 years. Mean vessel diameter of the donor and recipient sites was 2 mm for the arteries and 3 mm for the veins. Recipient vessels had suffered radiation damage in 3 cases. Micro-anastomoses were performed in 26 cases, with end-to-end sutures in 24 and end-to side sutures in 2. There were 11 arterial procedures including 3 bypasses and 15 venous procedures with 1 bypass. Peroperative thrombosis occurred in 2 cases and were treated by undoing the anastomoses and resuturing manually. There were no early or late postoperative vascular complications. This clinical experience confirms the advantages of this mechanical approach to microanastomotic procedures for small vessels as previously demonstrated in experimental work: a system avoiding transfixation, rapid procedure, reliability.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Two cases of clipping surgery of cerebral aneurysm under profound hypothermia with closed-chest extracorporeal circulation].

A 68-year-old female and a 47-year-old male patients underwent clipping surgery for giant basilar arterial and thrombotic internal carotid arterial aneurysms respectively with closed-chest extracorporeal circulation (femoro-femoral bypass). Profound hypothermia and continuous infusion of thiamylal were used to prevent brain damage. Blood outflow via the femoral vein was sufficient to induce profound hypothermia down to 20 degrees C. Hemodynamics were controllable without catecholamines during closed-chest extracorporeal circulation. Preoperative symptoms significantly improved and no neurological complication was observed in either case postoperatively. Right femoral phlebothrombosis was, however, observed in one case. In conclusion, profound hypothermia with closed-chest extracorporeal circulation is a safe technique to reduce the complications induced by open-chest technique, but special attention should be given to postoperative phlebothrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Atrial natriuretic factor in two kidney--two clip renovascular hypertension in the rat.

Hig levels of circulating atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been reported in several physiopathologic conditions like hypertension, heart and renal failure, pregnancy and high sodium intake. Nevertheless, neither relationships with water-sodium space regulation nor the role of an ANF vascular relaxant effect have been yet defined. The aim of present experiments was to characterize the contribution of circulating ANF and its vascular relaxing effects in the two kidney-two clip (2K2C) experimental model of renovascular hypertension. Complementary, plasma metabolites nitrite/nitrate of nitric oxide (NO) was examined because of mediation for both (NO an ANF) through cGMP. Three results showed (two-four weeks after surgery): indirect systolic blood pressure (mmHg), 186 +/- 4 in HT and 122 +/- 1 in SH (p < 0.001); a significant increase of plasma ANF (fmol/ml) in HT (n = 7, 1221 +/- 253) vs. SH (n = 9, 476 +/- 82; p < 0.02). Nitrate/nitrite plasma concentrations (mumol/l) were mpt different between SH and. The relaxant effect of ANF (10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) M) on phenylephrine (3,5 x 10(-6) M) contracted rings from HT rats was smaller than SH rats (10(-8) M, p < 0.05). Contractions to phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (seven weeks after surgery) were significantly higher in rings from HT rats (p < 0.001). We conclude: 1) in addition to decreased granularity in atrial myocardiocytes, high circulating values of ANF here described suggest an increased turnover of the peptide in 2K2C hypertensive rats; 2) lower significant vascular relaxant effects in HT rats would indicate down regulation of ANF receptors in this model; the latter would derive from high plasma ANF concentration and, tentatively, because of greater activity of protein kinase C in the vascular wall; 39 similar values of plasma nitrite/nitrate in SH and HT rats would indicate a comparable NO circulating availability in both groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Treatment of aneurysms unsuitable for clipping or endovascular therapy.

A small percentage of aneurysms cannot be treated by traditional techniques. The majority of these are giant aneurysms, whose dimensions exceed 2.5 cm, which are particularly difficult to treat because of their anatomical characteristics. Clinically, they may present with compressive, ischemic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Treatment of intracavernous aneurysms and those of the pre- and intrapetrous segment of the internal carotid artery represent a challenge for the neurosurgeon and on occasion may not be suitable for clipping or endovascular techniques. This is true for aneurysms without a well-defined neck and fusiform aneurysms, for which extra-intracranial bypass using a graft of saphenous vein plays a fundamental role. The method used for bypass depends on whether there is sufficient collateral flow. The authors emphasize that it is not possible to identify patients who can be submitted to therapeutic occlusion of the internal carotid artery without the risk of late ischemic attacks or de novo aneurysm formation.

Cerebral Revascularization↗