Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Verbal Behavior”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The predisposition toward alcohol-related interpersonal aggression in men.

Men social drinkers participated in experimental "parties' which were videotaped and coded for instances of interpersonal aggression. Participants with a history of arguments and other aggressive acts and low scores on measures of socialization, self-control and responsibility demonstrated interpersonal aggression after heavy drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Measuring alcohol intoxication: the development, reliability and validity of an observational instrument.

This study presents an observational instrument designed to assess the presence or absence of alcohol intoxication as well as the level of intoxication. The Alcohol Symptom Checklist (ASC) was validated by comparing the blood alcohol level (BAL) of 672 subjects with the ASC score. The correlation between BAL and ASC for the final version of the scale was .84; alpha reliability = .92; interrater reliability = .93; and mean interitem correlation = .51. These results confirm the scale's reliability, its interrater consistency and its predictive validity. This instrument may be used in place of BAL measures in situations where it would be impractical to obtain samples of blood or alveolar air. The ASC will facilitate naturalistic studies of drinking behavior which previously have been limited by the lack of an unobtrusive method for assessing symptoms of intoxication. In addition, it has potential for use by law enforcement officials in situations where persons suspected of driving while intoxicated refuse to take an evidential breath test. This article examines requirements for training in the use of the ASC, and discusses other potential uses of the instrument.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Using intermittent reinforcement to program maintenance of verbal/nonverbal correspondence.

We investigated the effects of an intermittent reinforcement procedure on maintenance of verbal/nonverbal correspondence with nutritious snack choices in a day-care setting. Nutritious snack choices were first established using correspondence training procedures in a multiple baseline across three children. Withdrawal of the procedures with one subject led to loss of appropriate responding, suggesting the need for a maintenance strategy. The intermittent reinforcement procedure was implemented in a multiple baseline across subjects. Nutritious snack choices were observed consistently during the intermittent reinforcement condition and the subsequent extinction condition.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Slang knowledge as an indicator of a general social deviancy subcultural factor.

Evidence for a general social deviancy subcultural factor was found using the Kulik, Sarbin, and Stein (1971) slang test on drugs, gangs, law enforcement, and general words. The slang scores of 68 confirmed opiate addicts exceeded those of normals and young delinquents reported by Kulik, et al. (1971), including delinquents who were recidivists. Addicts knew more drug and alcohol slang than slang in the three other categories. It was recommended that more attempts should be made to subdivide measures of social deviancy by means of slang as there is some evidence of possible further differentiation of subcultural types by means of slang.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The treatment of avoidance behaviour following severe brain injury by satiation through negative practice.

Brain-injured patients may frequently develop behaviour disorders in order to avoid participating in rehabilitation activities. In recent years, the use of behaviour modification techniques, particularly the use of positive reinforcement and time-out, has been increasingly reported in the literature as a means of remediating behaviour disturbance in this population. However, reward- or extinction-based programmes are generally not effective in the treatment of avoidance behaviours as they may be ineffective or, at worst, encourage further avoidance of rehabilitation activities. This paper, describes the use of satiation through negative practice in the successful treatment of a severely brain-injured patient whose behaviour, in the form of prolonged shouting, had previously not responded to the range of behavioural techniques used previously with this population. Two successive treatment programmes that were used in an attempt to satiate shouting are presented. Significant reductions in both the frequency and duration of shouting were found, enabling physical and functional gains to be made through successful participation in previously avoided rehabilitation activities. The validity of the use of this technique in the treatment of avoidance behaviour in brain-injured patients is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Behavioral phenotypes and cognitive characteristics in mental retardation].

The authors in a review article deal with characteristic cognitive and behavioral features appearing in mental retardations, which later are referred as behavioral phenotypes. Nyhan (1972) introduced the term "behavioral phenotype" to describe outwardly observable behavior so characteristic of children with genetic disorders that its presence suggests the underlying genetic condition. The behavioral phenotype is a characteristic pattern of motor, cognitive, linguistic and social abnormalities that is consistently associated with a biological/neurodevelopmental disorder. This does not mean that the behavior is present in all instances but that the probability of its occurrence is increased. In the future, more may be learned about brain mechanisms and gene-brain interactions by comparing those with behavioral involvement with others with the same syndrome but without the behavioral features.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

The effect of personal relevance on psychological inference: a developmental analysis.

The effect of personal relevance was examined as a motivational alternative to capacity-based explanations of young children's failure to describe others in terms of psychological characteristics. In Study 1, children at 2 age levels (5-6 and 9-10 years) were asked to describe actors exhibiting different behaviors and to select partners for different games. As predicted, children who expected to interact with the actors were much more likely to describe them in psychological terms. Older children selected partners based on instrumental goals, maximizing their own outcomes, whereas younger children selected partners based on liking. The findings were replicated in Study 2, and expecting interaction was also found to affect behavior (toy allocation). The results suggest that the verbal inferencing skills of young children have been underestimated in the past, and that younger children may be more oriented than older children toward affective relative to instrumental goals in anticipating interaction with a peer.

Attention↗