Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Splenectomy”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Diagnostic laparotomy with splenectomy in lymphogranulomatosis in children].

Diagnostic laparotomy aimed at identification of the stage of the process and splenectomy were conducted in 370 children (aged 2.5-16 years) suffering from Hodgkin's disease. Preoperatively, the clinical stage distribution of patients was as follows: stage I-34 patients (9.2%), II-210 (56.8%), III-108 (29.2%) and IV-18 (4.9%). Postoperatively, morphological stage I was established in 26, stage II-132, stage III-182 and stage IV-in 30 cases (7.0, 35.7, 49.2 and 8.1%, respectively). Stage was revised in 126 out of 370 patients (34.1%), i. e. in more than a third of cases. Specific lesions of the spleen occurred in 172 cases (46.5%), hepatic lesions--in 22 (5.9%). Explorative laparotomy is of high diagnostic value in stage identification in pediatric Hodgkin's disease. It is instrumental in obtaining bioptates for morphological examination. Splenectomy was not followed by any changes in the frequency of infectious diseases in children patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Candidal splenic abscesses complicating acute leukemia of childhood treated by splenectomy.

Two patients with acute leukemia were found to have candidal splenic abscesses. Both patients were in remission and had normal granulocyte counts at the time the abscesses became evident. Both patients were treated with splenectomy and antifungal therapy with a definite response. The incidence and treatment of fungal splenic abscesses in leukemia patients is discussed with emphasis on the role of splenectomy.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hematological sequelae of splenectomy in a case of chronic myeloid leukemia].

Thrombocytosis is to be expected after splenectomy, but is usually slight and limited to a maximum period of 3-4 months. In contrast, the case reported of splenectomy, following traumatic rupture of the spleen during chronic myeloid leukaemia, figured a fairly substantial increase in platelet count which persisted in spite of treatment and featured haemorrhagic complications. The problems involved are discussed in the light of reports in the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Herpes zoster after splenectomy. A study of patients without malignancy.

Follow-up information was obtained on 102 unselected patients who had undergone splenectomy for nonmalignant disease (ie, trauma, surgical complications, and hematologic indications). In 422 postsplenectomy years, three cases of herpes zoster were observed, two of which were associated with generalized cutaneous dissemination. This incidence is no greater than that reported elsewhere for age-matched normal population. We conclude that in patients without malignancy, splenectomy does not predispose to herpes zoster, but may play a role in cutaneous dissemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

'Chemical' splenectomy and the number of haematopoietic stem cells.

In mice subjected to chemical splenectomy by means of ethyl palmitate the number of CFU-S and CFU-C in bone marrow and spleen was assessed. In the bone marrow of chemically splenectomized mice a rise of CFU-S as well as CFU-C was found. In the spleen of mice after chemical splenectomy the number of CFU-S was reduced, while the number of CFU-C was elevated.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunologic defect of the alternate pathway-of-complement activation postsplenectomy: a possible relation between splenectomy and infection.

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and activation of the alternate mechanism were measured in eight patients before and after splenectomy and compared to similar measurements made in a control group of patients following other abdominal surgery. In the splenectomy group, alternate-pathway-mediated activation of C3 was significantly different from the controls. The mean five-day postsplenectomy value of 16 percent for the immunoelectrophoretic conversion of C3 to C3i was depressed (p<0.001) from the presplenectomy value of 85 percent and five-month postsplenectomy level of 71 percent (p<0.01). The difference between presplenectomy and five-month postsplenectomy values was not significant. Further, activation of C3 in patients five days postsplenectomy was significantly less (p<0.01) than in the five-day postoperative controls. In both the splenectomized patients and control group, five-day postoperative determinations indicated an increase in CH50 values and a decrease in degree of activation of Factor B. The spleen appears to manufacture certain substances required for activation of C3 via the alternate mechanism. That the manufacture is eventually assumed by other immune-competent organs is shown by the eventual increase of activation toward preoperative levels five months postsplenectomy. This defect in C3 activation may account for the tendency of splenectomized patients to have an increased incidence of bacterial infections and sepsis in the postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

BCL1, a murine model of prolymphocytic leukemia. I. Effect of splenectomy on growth kinetics and organ distribution.

BCL1 is a transplantable murine B-cell leukemia that closely resembles human prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL). Syngeneic mice injected with BCL1 cells develop massively enlarged spleens followed by leukemia. Splenectomy performed either prior to BCL1 transplantation or prior to the leukemic phase of transplanted BCL1 results in a markedly altered clinical syndrome: the onset of leukemia is delayed by about 2 months; the leukemia is low-grade; and the lymph nodes, which are not prominently involved in leukemic animals with intact spleens, are massively infiltrated in the splenectomized transplant recipient. The immunologic phenotype of the BCL1 cell is not altered by splenectomy and thus does not appear to account for the altered tissue distribution of BCL1 in the splenectomized host. However, the results indicate a striking dependence of BCL1 on microenvironmental influences of the host lymphoid tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic partial splenectomy.

We describe use of the ultrasonic scalpel to perform three partial splenectomies expeditiously, with control, and with excellent hemostasis. This new powered instrument has a tip that vibrates at ultrasonic frequencies and cuts through mesenchymal tissue, sparing blood vessels. On the basis of experience in the laboratory and the cases presented, we believe that the technique of ultrasonic partial splenectomy may overcome problems inherent in methods now used.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of anesthesia and splenectomy on antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide immunization.

Whether anesthesia-induced immunosuppression and postsplenectomy decreased antibody response are important in the timing of postsplenectomy pneumococcal vaccination was tested in 57 inbred 150 to 175 gm Fischer 344 rats immunized three weeks preoperatively (Group 1), immediately after anesthesia (Group II), and three weeks postoperatively (Group III). Groups IV and V were not immunized. All rats had splenectomy and one hour of 1 per cent halothane anesthesia. After intraperitoneal immunization of the rats with 5 mu g of Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide, weekly serum antibody levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Six weeks postoperatively, Groups I through IV received an intravenous LD50 dose of Type III pneumococcus; Group V was challenged one week after operation. Survival was assessed every 12 hours for one week. Antibody responses among the groups were statistically equal, except on day 4 and day 26 postimmunization. On day 4, Group I had higher levels than Groups II and III (P less than .05), showing the spleen's role in early antibody production, and on day 26, Group I had much lower levels than Group II (P less than .05), indicating a short-term depressive effect of anesthesia and operation on ongoing antibody formation. Survival was equal among Groups I through IV. Survival in Group V was poorer than in Group IV (P less than 0.5), probably indicating that nonsplenic sites had acquired an enhanced ability to clear pneumococcus. The study shows, therefore, that anesthesia and splenectomy do not affect the timing of pneumococcal vaccination postsplenectomy.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1982

Fulminating pneumococcal septicaemia and meningitis in an adult twenty years after splenectomy for a ruptured spleen.

A nearly fatal course of pneumococcal septicaemia and meningitis in a previously healthy adult, 20 years after splenectomy for a ruptured spleen, is described. This underlines the important role of the spleen in the defence mechanism of the body against pathogenic micro-organisms. Awareness of the existence of this syndrome of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI) is clinically important. Several aspects of prevention and treatment are discussed in a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Splenectomy; its results (author's transl)].

270 patients underwent splenectomy for different indications. The rate of complications amounts to 18,8%. Prognosis after splenectomy depends on the basic disease, accompanying illness and the quality of pre- and postoperative care.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Effects of the spleen, epinephrine, and splenectomy on determination of blood volume in cats.

Blood volume (BV), RBC mass, plasma protein (PP), and PCV were determined in (i) awake, nonsplenectomized (NSPX) cats before and after splenic contraction was induced by IV administration of epinephrine, (ii) in pentobarbital-anesthetized, NSPX cats before and after splenic contraction was induced by epinephrine and splenectomy, and (iii) in awake, splenectomized (SPX) cats before and after epinephrine was administered. Blood volume, absolute RBC mass in the spleen could not be determined accurately in awake or anesthetized, NSPX cats. Accurate BV and RBC mass determinations could only be obtained in cats without the spleen; mean BV and RBC mass of awake or anesthetized, SPX cats were 4.1% and 1.4% or body weight, respectively. The spleen was a dynamic sequestering organ for feline erythrocytes (RBC). Epinephrine (0.1 ml of 1:1,000) given IV resulted in the observed contraction of the spleen within 2 minutes. Relaxation of the spleen with RBC uptake began 3 minutes after epinephrine was given and it proceeded at a rate of approximately 0.93% of circulating PCV/min. At 20 minutes after epinephrine was given, a steady state of PCV occurred, and 20% of the maximum circulating PCV observed after the administration of epinephrine was stored within the spleen. At 60 minutes after epinephrine was given to awake, SPX cats, intravascular fluid influx of 4 ml/kg resulted in a decrease of PCV and PP. At 3 hours after splenectomy was done, intravascular fluid efflux resulted in hemoconcentration--a calculated fluid deficit of 2.5 ml/kg/hr occurring during the 3 hours after surgical removal of the spleen.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1980

Splenectomy for thrombocytopenia.

Of 478 patients who underwent splenectomy for hematologic disease between 1947 and 1978, 142 had thrombocytopenia as the dominant indication, while in 32 this was an associated preoperative factor. Of 120 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) 88% had long-term remission subsequent to removal of the spleen. Ninety percent of the responders had normal platelet counts at the end of 1 week subsequent to the operation. Six of 13 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) were long-term survivors and were considered cured. Thrombocytopenia, associated with a variety of disorders, as a dominant indication for splenectomy was improved significantly in the majority of cases. The same results were noted when thrombocytopenia was an associated factor. Postoperative death usually was related to intracerebral bleeding, and no increased incidence of thromboembolic disease or sepsis was noted. Electron microscopic evaluations of the spleens defined marked platelet sequestration in patients with ITP and TTP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Splenectomy in Werlhof disease without thrombocyte substitution. Prospective study of 7 consecutive cases].

As a prophylaxis against the risk of postoperative bleeding platelet mass transfusions or transfusions of whole fresh blood are recommended for splenectomy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. As the efficacy of this treatment is uncertain, seven consecutive patients with platelet counts of 4000/mm3 (2000-16000) were splenectomized without this prophylaxis. Platelet counts rose to 152500/mm3 (70000--305000) 18 h after operation, in every case the critical lower limit of 50000 was exceeded. Apart from one case of transient fever of undetected origin and one small pleural effusion there were no complications. Even in patients with extremely low platelet counts splenectomy can be performed without platelet mass transfusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Splenectomy in idiopathic thrombopenic purpura and in myelofibrosis. A retrospective study of platelet increase, hemorrhagic complications and mortality].

In a retrospective study of 39 splenectomies, patients with increased blood cell breakdown (13 cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), 5 cases of hereditary spherocytosis, 2 of Felty's syndrome and 2 of autoimmune hemolytic anemia) were compared with those patients also presenting decreased blood cell production [14 cases of myelofibrosis (MF) with splenomegaly and 3 cases of advanced chronic myelogeneous leukemia (CML)]. Platelet regeneration post-operatively was significantly (p less than 0.01) more rapid in the ITP than in the MF group. Only 1/22 patients in the ITP group had major post-operative complications as compared to 10/17 in the MF group. None of the patients in the ITP group died within 25 days of operation as compared to 5/17 in the MF group. Only 3/22 patients in the ITP group lost more than 800 ml of blood during the operation as compared to 8/17 with MF. No statistically significant higher blood loss was found in patients with less than 30 x 10(9) platelets/l preoperatively, compared to those with higher platelet counts. However, correlation between the splenic weights and amount of blood loss was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Thus, splenectomy seems much better tolerated in patients with ITP, even if platelets are low, than in patients with myelofibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Complications after therapeutic splenectomy for hematologic disease in adults.

221 patients were treated by splenectomy for various hematologic disorders, including immunologic thrombocytopenia (80 cases), hereditary spherocytosis (15 cases), immune hemolytic anemia (25 cases), chronic lymphatic leukemia (27 cases), lymphosarcoma (27 cases), myelofibrosis (11 cases) and pancytopenia/aplastic anemia (14 cases). There were 8 postoperative deaths (3.6%), and 49 patients (22%) had postoperative complications, mainly infections and bleeding. Complications were more frequent in cases of massive splenomegaly (greater than or equal to 1 000 g) (65 cases), severe thrombocytopenia (less than 20 X 10(6)/1) (51 cases), and leukemia. Late postsplenectomy fulminant infection was seen in 8 patients (3.6%) for a mean follow up of 5.3 years. We conclude that splenectomy is sufficiently well tolerated even by severely ill patients to make it applicable as a therapeutic modality in the various hematologic disorders presently studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Dynamics of the immunological indices in lymphogranulomatosis following splenectomy and radiation therapy].

The dynamics of immune indices in 38 patients with Hodgkin's disease, following splenectomy and radiation therapy is discussed. The early stage of the disease is found to involve changes in immune response which become more pronounced in the course of generalization of tumor process and development of intoxication symptoms. Correlations between the frequency of spleen and lymph nodes lesions below the diaphragm, histological pattern of tumor and decline in immunological vigor are shown. Also, indications for splenectomy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The influence of splenic tissue implantation upon platelet population in rabbits after splenectomy.

An investigation of the behavior of the blood platelet population following splenectomy and autologous splenic tissue implantation has been done on the rabbit. A bimodal rise in platelet size and count is observed in the postoperative period. After splenectomy, a 722 per cent increase in the platelet count and a 21.9 percent rise in the platelet size are found. These increases are abolished by the implantation of splenic tissue. The existence of a splenic humoral factor that controls platelet production in the bone marrow is possible.

Animals↗