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Concentrations of cyclic AMP in rabbit ovarian tissue during the preovulatory period and pseudopregnancy after induction of ovulation by administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin.

Concentrations of cyclic AMP were measured in rabbit ovaries at various times after injection of an ovulatory dose of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). A biphasic increase in cyclic AMP concentration occurred during the preovulatory period, with peaks 30 min and 3-4 h after HCG injection. Concentrations of cyclic AMP had returned to those observed in ovaries of control oestrous animals before the onset of ovulation 10-12 h after administration of HCG, and remained low throughout the period of pseudopregnancy. Concentrations of cyclic AMP in the newly formed and developing corpora lutea were similar to the concentrations observed in the remainder of the tissue during this period. No significant increase in cyclic AMP concentration was observed 7-9 days after initiation of ovulation. Concentrations of ATP were also investigated during the preovulatory period. The dose-response relationship of HCG to cyclic AMP production in oestrous rabbit ovaries was investigated.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

Induction of ovulation.

Ovulation has been induced by clomiphene citrate and human gonadotropins in infertile women. Clomiphene should be the first choice in anovulatory women with active ovaries as indicated by basic levels of estrogens in blood or urine, in women with post-pill amenorrhea even if their ovaries are quiescent and in women with functional abnormalities of the hypothalamus or pituitary. Human gonadotrophins should be used as a second alternative when clomiphene fails. It should also be used as a first choice in women with primary amenorrhea and quiescent ovaries and in women with gross anatomical changes in the pituitary or hypothalamus. If no result is obtained after two courses of gonadotropic therapy, further treatment should be reconsidered and the infertile couple reinvestigated.

Adult↗

Induction of ovulation with pulsatile LH-RH in infertile women.

In five women who had demonstrated repeatedly ovulatory cycles with insufficient luteal phases ovulation was supported by continuous intermittent administration of LH-RH, 5 micrograms per 90 min, intravenously by means of a portable pump. All 18 induced cycles were ovulatory. The production of progesterone rose by 75% to 51 nM/l during the midluteal phase. The duration of the luteal phase increased with 49% to 14 days. One patient became pregnant, but aborted spontaneously 20 days postovulatory. The only major side effect seen was an occasional superficial thrombophlebitis.

Adult↗