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At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Orthopedic expansion and protraction of the maxilla in cleft palate patients--a new treatment rationale.

This preliminary report presents a treatment rationale for cleft lip and palate patients who display underdevelopment of the midfacial complex in the deciduous dentition. In order to create more favorable conditions for midfacial growth, transverse expansion followed by anterior orthopedic traction of the maxillary complex is performed in the deciduous dentition, applying principles introduced by Delaire. A clinical procedure, based on fixed appliances and compatible with edgewise technique has been developed. A treated patient with indicator implants is presented.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical and orthopedic treatment methods in orbital defects and deformities].

On the basis of their own clinical material the authors distinguish five kinds of defects and deformations of the orbit and give well-grounded recommendations for choosing the methods of prosthetics and plastic operations for each of them. The authors emphasize that the necessary condition of successful elimination of defects of the orbit is the joint work of a maxillofacial surgeon and an orthopedist. Good cosmetic results were obtained when using complex surgical and orthopedic treatment of 12 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of bone cysts by intracavity injection of methylprednisolone acetate: a message to orthopedic surgeons.

Treating bone cysts by injection with MPA is simple and effective. While the biological effect of MPA is still being researched, solitary bone cysts treated with injections of MPA have been shown to heal by complete ossification, sometimes with normal regeneration without "scarring" the bone or the medullary canal. As Scaglietti writes, "It is now up to the pharmacoligists, biochemists, and biophysicists to reexamine the formula of Depo-Medrol and the effects of its ingredients on bone..." It is also up to the orthopedic community to test and report the effectiveness of this new method.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthopedic injuries in water-skiing: etiology and prevention.

The inherent danger of orthopedic injury is little recognized in the extremely popular sport of water-skiing. The water-skiing equipment, the speed at which the boat is driven and the experience of the skier play a major role in the severe injuries reported here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Application of the hydrogen washout technique to orthopedic research (author's transl)].

Since the first description by Aukland and co-authors in 1964, the hydrogen washout has been shown to be an accurate method in determining regional tissue blood flow. The presence of hydrogen molecules within the tissue is detected with a platinum electrode where a small amount of current is generated by oxidation of molecular hydrogen to hydrogen ions. Therefore, construction of the suitable electrode for the tissue to be measured is essential. The author applied the hydrogen washout technique to the blood flow measurement of bone, muscle, skin, digit and peripheral nerve, and found that the technique was valuable in basic and clinical studies in orthopedics. As a typical experimental study using the hydrogen washout technique, the study on the effect of adrenaline on bone blood flow was presented and the experimental method was explained in detail. Although the hydrogen washout technique has been developed to measure the blood flow, the technique has been found useful in detecting the pathways of microcirculation between different tissues. As an example, the study on nutritional pathways of the intervertebral disk was described. Since the hydrogen gas is harmless, it is possible to apply the technique to the clinical studies including the blood flow measurement of replanted digits, diagnosis of the compartment syndrome and the blood flow measurement of skin flaps. Furthermore, several problems in the hydrogen washout technique were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[X-ray transparency of common orthopedic casts].

X-ray permeability is one of the important criterions which qualify a material as orthopedic cast. By using a phantom (amputated human lower leg) standardized conditions were created to compare the five customary casts: Cellamin, Lightcase II, Hexcelite, Neofrakt and Baycast. For judging the perceptibility of osseous structures, especially the details of the fracture, the lower and the upper number of clinically used layers were considered. The blank tested valuation showed the well-known advantages of the plastic materials in comparison with plaster of Paris. Within the group of the plastic materials distinct differences were also found.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The orthopedic aspects of Gaucher disease.

Orthopedic problems are an important feature of the adult, chronic or non-neuropathic form of Gaucher disease. Thirty-five South African patients have been investigated and of these 29 had significant skeletal complications. Twenty-one had nonspecific bone pains, 14 had episodes of pseudoosteomyelitis and 2 had acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. Twenty experienced collapse of femoral heads and in 9, prosthetic joint replacement had been successfully undertaken. Four had kyphoscoliosis due to wedging of vertebral bodies and three had pathological fractures of tubular bones. Twenty-eight of the patients were of Askhenazi Jewish stock and the minimum prevalence of the disorder in this group in South Africa is one in 4,300. If skeletal problems and splenomegally coexist in a Jewish patient, the diagnosis of Gaucher disease warrants serious consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Glenohumeral instabilities and the role of magnetic resonance imaging techniques. The orthopedic surgeon's perspective.

Orthopedic surgeons often have different philosophies regarding the diagnosis and treatment of glenohumeral instability. Some surgeons will rely extensively on imaging studies to ascertain pathology relevant to a specific method of treatment; others will only use imaging in cases where the diagnosis is uncertain. This article reviews the concept of glenohumeral instability and its treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Office orthopedics: thumb spica casting for scaphoid fractures.

Fracture of the scaphoid bone of the wrist is a common orthopedic problem and is accurately diagnosed by determining the mechanism of injury based on the history, performing a specific physical examination maneuvers and interpreting radiographic findings. Skill in the application of the thumb spica cast enables the family physician to provide appropriate and definitive care for many of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Palliative orthopedic therapy in tumor-induced osteopathies].

Skeletal instabilities due to neoplastic diseases in the aged are most often of metastatic nature. Pathologic fractures are observed most frequently with breast-, lung- and prostatic primaries. Palliative orthopedic surgery by stabilisation of a pathologic fracture (osteosynthesis, endoprosthesis) or by decompression and spondylodesis of vertebral manifestations alleviate pain considerably. The mean survival time of patients mobilized after such surgery is approximately 9 months.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis, to reduce the incidence of postoperative infections, has been a controversial subject. The administration of antibiotics just prior to and up to 3 hours after operation has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing experimental staphylococcal wound infection in animals. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics in orthopedic surgery has been tested in appropriate clinical trials only in the treatment of fractured hip. In that setting, prophylactic antibiotics were found to be efficacious. Although used extensively in other procedures such as total hip replacement, statistically valid evidence of the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics has not been produced. Suggestions are offered for the conduct of clinical trials to study this important question.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

[Orthopedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Studying their subject the authors have been found that among the orthopedic surgical interventions the most frequently applied procedure were the alloarthroplasty and the synovectomy. Half of the operations are performed on the hand and the knee. Because of the polyarticular and multilocular characteristic of the disease very often more than one operations are necessary in case of rheumatoid patients. In case of sequence operations attention is called constant communication with rheumatologist and individual assessment of each case.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of the holding power of 3.5-mm cortical versus 4.0-mm cancellous orthopedic screws in the pelvis of immature dogs (cadavers).

A 3.5-mm cortical orthopedic screw was compared with a 4.0-mm cancellous screw for maximal load to failure in the pelvis of immature dogs. The pelvis from young cadavers (7 to 13 months old) was divided into hemipelves and used for testing of the 2 screw types. Two sites in each hemipelvis were used, mid-shaft of the ilium and mid-sacrum, including the wing of the ilium. The screws were extracted, and maximal load to failure and mode of failure were recorded. Maximal load to failure per millimeter of engaged thread was calculated. In either pelvic site, the 4.0-mm cancellous screw required a significantly (P < 0.05) higher pullout force per millimeter of engaged screw threads than did the 3.5-mm cortical bone screw.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Surgical orthopedic correction of hemophilic hemarthrosis at Ramathibodi Hospital.

During 1982-1992, 15 major surgical orthopedic correction (SOC) were performed in 12 hemophiliacs. There were 11 synovectomy, 2 osteotomy, 1 currettage and suture wound, 1 release of multiple joint contracture and 1 removal of pseudotumour. During 1982-1989, frozen cryoprecipitate was entirely used for replacement therapy in 5 cases who had 7 SOC. During 1990-1992, 7 cases received SOC by using factor VIII concentrate (Emoclot or Profilate) alone or combined with cryoprecipitate in 8 SOC. Multiple surgical procedures could be performed by using factor VIII concentrates. The orthopedist could operate 3 joints in one setting ie right knee, left knee and right middle finger. There are many advantages of factor VIII concentrates over those of cryoprecipitate, especially in the aspect of HIV transmission by HIV seronegative blood products. The disadvantage is the extremely high cost of factor concentrates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Characteristics of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: its medical and orthopedic management.

The characteristics of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have been presented and the important features of its medical and orthopedic management described. Surgical experience in a carefully studied group of 200 patients has been recounted. The increasing importance of reconstructive joint surgery is noted, preferably performed after growth has stopped.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthopedic complications of dwarfism.

Of 248 dwarfs with Achondroplasia, Pseudoachondroplastic dysplasia, Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia. Diastrophic dwarfism, Morquio syndrome, and Spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia Congenita, 85 were managed by orthopedic methods. Experience with bracing is generally unsatisfactory. Surgical lengthening of the lower extremities is not recommended. A number of other surgical procedures are advisable in selected cases.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1993

[A comparative evaluation of the subfractional composition of the blood plasma by using laser correlation spectroscopy in orthopedic-traumatological diseases].

Analysis presented by the authors confirms that laser correlative spectroscopy may be in principle a method for a study of plasma homeostasis on subfractional level in various orthopedic and traumatological diseases. The method allows to assess changes in the inner environment of the body with regard to diversity of structural and functional reorganization induced by various pathological processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Epidemiology of proximal femur fracture and results of therapy in patients treated at the Orthopedic-Trauma Ward of the Railway Hospital in Warsaw in the years 1986-1990].

A retrospective analysis included 441 hospitalized patients with fractures of the proximal femoral bone, treated at the orthopedic-traumatology ward in 1986-1990. Such patients constituted 9.12% of all patients treated during those years. There were 313 women aged between 26 and 99 years (mean 77.4 years) and 128 men aged between 30 and 95 years (mean 68.3 years). Fractures were more frequent in women than in men (rate 2.4:1). Four hundred four patients (91.6%) were treated surgically. Mortality rate in this group was about 10% whereas in patients treated conservatively--approximately 66%. Locomotive functions were restored in the majority of patients under 80 years of age. Mean hospitalization time was 22 days. Mean cost per patient in zlotys treated surgically was 4.97 million in 1990, and 8.3 million in 1992.

Adult↗