Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Communication Programs”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Aphasic patients in a rehabilitation program: scheduling speech and language services.

Eleven 10-item tests from the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (PICA), were administered to 14 aphasic adults participating in a rehabilitation program. Tests were given once in the morning and once in the afternoon. Results indicate that overall communicative functioning was significantly higher for morning assessments, although some individual patients did better in the afternoon. The primary implication of these results is the importance of consistency in scheduling patient contacts when measuring the effects of treatments rendered. Considerations in determining optimum schedules and aiding individual patients in compensating for reduced efficiency due to time of day are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Health communication in the prevention of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use.

Research on substance abuse prevention programs indicates that effectiveness is greater when multiple intervention approaches that address the specific vocabulary, perceptions, and values of the target population are employed. The field of health communication provides unique perspectives on media that can be applied to increase the salience and effectiveness of substance abuse prevention programs. Well-designed and well-delivered health communications have the capacity for reaching remote audiences, changing health attitudes and behavior, shaping social norms, changing the way health issues are portrayed by the popular media, and influencing decisions about legislation and policies. Health communication approaches are generally employed within the broad context of health promotion programs, along with education, community development, empowerment, and social change approaches. This article describes the role of health communication in substance abuse prevention, reviews major conceptualizations of health communication, and introduces the unique features of the four articles included in this special section of Health Education & Behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

An interactive method of assessing the characteristics of softcopy display using observer performance tests.

An interactive computer program has been developed to assess the quality of softcopy display by measuring the contrast sensitivity, spatial resolution, and spatial uniformity at various backgrounds and objects. This program runs on Microsoft Window or NT platform and is easy to use. It has been shown to be a sensitive and accurate tool to measure the characteristics of monitors of any kind. It can be used for routine QA as well as for the acceptance testing of picture archiving and communication systems. Data obtained using this program on monitors can be plotted chronologically so as to monitor any trend of deterioration. By introducing a randomization of the location of the test objects, this program eliminates the guessing error often associated with psychophysical measurements.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1992

Implementing an infection control program for the community-based healthcare facility.

With the rampant increase in patients with communicable diseases, including AIDS and Hepatitis B, a sound infection control program is vital. Focusing on the needs of administrators in community healthcare agencies such as home health agencies, long-term care facilities, and public health departments, the authors discuss infection control concepts and the primary components of an infection control program.

Community Health Centers↗
PubMed1992

Home chemotherapy for children with cancer.

A program was established in which the parents of children with cancer were trained to administer intravenous chemotherapy to the children in their homes. The main objectives of this program (Home Intravenous Chemotherapy by Parents [HICP]) were to improve the quality of life for children with cancer and their parents and to decrease the cost of medical care for these children by decreasing the number of clinic visits and hospital stays intended solely for the administration of chemotherapy. Twenty-four months of experience with this program indicates that with a close communication network and a good working relationship among a home care organization (HCO), the parents of the patient, a pediatric oncology nurse, and an attending pediatric oncologist, many chemotherapeutic agents can be safely administered to these children by their parents in their homes. The patients and their parents are enthusiastic about this program because of the valuable time saved and the increased participation in care. In addition, this program greatly decreased the cost of medical care for these children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Infection control and hazards management. Economics of regulatory compliance.

Dentistry has become subject to rapid change in office safety, including infection control and hazards management. This change includes increasingly diverse governmental regulations and compliance with such regulations, influencing the very basics of dental practice. As all practitioners are moving toward compliance, costs are increasing substantially. Various sources estimate such increases at between 12.5% and 19%, and it is doubtful whether third-party reimbursement will offset these additional costs. As practitioners plan methods for offsetting the costs of office safety, consideration should be given to providing patients oral and printed information to preclude misinterpretation of the reasons for fee escalation caused by implementation of chemical hazards communication, infection control, and waste disposal programs mandated by OSHA, EPA, and state or other regulatory authorities. The decade of the 1990s may well become the period of meeting the formidable microbiological and regulatory challenges of the 1980s.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed2002

Condom use and correlates of African American adolescent females' infrequent communication with sex partners about preventing sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy.

This study of 522 African American female adolescents, ages 14 to 18, investigated associations between condom use and infrequently communicating with sex partners about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and pregnancy prevention. Correlates of infrequent communication were identified. Sexually active adolescents were recruited from schools and adolescent medicine clinics in low-income neighborhoods of Birmingham, Alabama. Adolescents completed a self-administered survey and face-to-face interview. Communication frequency was assessed using a five-item scale. Infrequent communication was significantly associated with lower odds of condom use. Multivariate correlates of infrequent communication were less frequent communication with parents about STD/pregnancy prevention, recent sex with a nonsteady partner, low perceived ability to negotiate condom use and fear of this negotiation, and low motivation to use condoms. Given the importance of partner communication in promoting safer sex behaviors, STD and pregnancy prevention programs may benefit adolescents by addressing the identified psychosocial correlates of infrequent communication with their partners.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The study of emotional processes in communication: I. Measuring emotionalization in everyday face-to-face communicative interaction.

The drawbacks of traditional research into emotional processes have led us to develop a set of methodologies for investigating them in everyday face-to-face communication. The conceptual basis of these procedures is a model of the eliciting conditions of emotional processes as well as a conceptualization of the emotional processes themselves. On the basis of the assumption of conversation as a rule-governed process, one can describe its default temporal, formal, and functional features, for which we use the MAS EDIT and SEQ programs, and the minimal model of communicative exchange, respectively. Violations of these default rules can be identified as unexpected/temporally unpredictable events eliciting emotionalization. The nature of emotionalization is determined by the psychological principle of "standard and deviation." Its investigation under natural conditions requires the following: A noninvasive method of data acquisition (including procedures for rejecting faulty or missing values), measurement (high-resolution recording of physiological, psychomotor, and vocal variables), and the (nonstatistical) construction of an inventory or "relevant effects" (contrastive and template analysis). Finally, we depict three routes of investigating time courses of activation changes as dependent and independent variables and as a target of modification and reflection.

Affect↗
PubMed1995

Fostering multiculturalism: the English Conversation Pairs Program.

Exposure to and personal interactions with people of diverse cultures foster an acceptance of multiculturalism. To this end, the English Conversation Pairs Program provides weekly conversation sessions between students who are native speakers of English (NSE) and students who speak English as a second language (ESL). Attitudes of twenty-two NSE students are surveyed before and after participation in the Conversation Pairs Program. This paper discusses (a) NSE students' perceptions of the program, (b) perceived changes in cultural sensitivity of NSE students, (c) activities which enhance and/or hamper program effectiveness, and (d) variables which influence program effectiveness.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1989

Relationships among behavioral, environmental, and affective communication variables: a canonical analysis of the CPHI.

Relationships among the four content domains assessed by the Communication Profile for the Hearing Imparied (Demorest & Erdman, 1986, 1987) were examined in two samples (N = 433 and N = 486) drawn from the Aural Rehabilitation Program at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Communication performance was weakly related to communication environment, communication strategies, and personal adjustment (average canonical r = .34). However, strong associations were observed among the latter three areas (average canonical r = .59). Eight specific relationships were identified. The nature of these relationships and implications for clinical intervention are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Social interactions and communication patterns in mentally retarded children.

An observational approach and videorecordings were used to investigate a group of four mentally retarded kindergarten children with minimal language development. Results showed that when a facilitator (teacher) was present, there were more social interactions and vocalizations, but there was no significant increase in meaningful verbal content. Nonverbal communication rose sharply in the presence of the facilitator. The findings indicate that an observational analysis of patterns of interaction is useful in planning intervention programs in the area of social and communication development.

Aggression↗
PubMed2002

Communication support: a challenge for ICT in health care.

Communication makes up a very important part of the daily practice of health professionals. Current trends in health care indicate that this will even increase. However, the explicit application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in order to support communication is relatively rare. This leaves a great potential of ICT in health care unused. The clinical informatics group at the Leiden University Medical Centre has established a research program which aims at eliciting, analysing, and specifying requirements for communication supporting ICT-applications in health care. Several research projects are part of this program already. Two of these, that focus on supporting a specific kind of health professional/client communication, are discussed in this paper against the background of the research program.

Communication↗
PubMed1986

The development and implementation of a rural consortium program to provide early, preventive school mental health services.

This article describes the development and implementation of a rural consortium of school-based programs for early detection and prevention of maladjustment. The program expanded considerably the reach of early services to young children. It also stimulated communication, interaction and support among professionals in participating districts. Program evaluation data provided evidence of its efficacy. Extensions of the consortium model to other rural districts are reported and the utility of the approach for addressing the mental health problems of children in under-resourced rural school districts is considered.

Acting Out↗
PubMed2000

A model for faculty mentoring in academic radiology.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this report is to describe the development and implementation of a faculty mentoring program in radiology designed to promote the career development of junior faculty and enhance communication in the department. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mentoring program was implemented in five stages: organizational readiness, participant recruitment, mentor matching and orientation, implementation, and evaluation. Evaluations were based on Likert scale ratings and qualitative feedback. A retrospective analysis was also conducted of the annual performance reviews of junior faculty in the areas of research, teaching, patient care, and overall performance. RESULTS: An average of 83% (19 of 23) of the junior faculty participated in the pilot phase of the mentoring program. During five rounds of testing, the median rating (1 indicates not important; 10, extremely important) from responding junior faculty was 10 for overall value of individual mentoring meetings; the median rating for the mentors responding was 8.75. Research and academic development were identified as the areas of greatest importance to the faculty. Research and patient care were most improved as assessed by faculty peers during performance reviews. The schedule of semiannual formal mentoring meetings was reported to be optimal. CONCLUSION: The program was implemented to the satisfaction of junior faculty and mentors, and longitudinal performance suggests positive effects. Issues to be contended with include confidentiality and the time needed for mentoring beyond already saturated schedules. Overall, the authors propose that mentoring programs can be an asset to academic radiology departments and a key factor in maintaining their vitality.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2006

A typology of middle school girls: audience segmentation related to physical activity.

The Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG) combines social ecological and social marketing approaches to promote girls' participation in physical activity programs implemented at 18 middle schools throughout the United States. Key to the TAAG approach is targeting materials to a variety of audience segments. TAAG segments are individuals who share one or more common characteristic that is expected to correlate with physical activity. Thirteen focus groups with seventh and eighth grade girls were conducted to identify and characterize segments. Potential messages and channels of communication were discussed for each segment. Based on participant responses, six primary segments were identified: athletic, preppy, quiet, rebel, smart, and tough. The focus group information was used to develop targeted promotional tools to appeal to a diversity of girls. Using audience segmentation for targeting persuasive communication is potentially useful for intervention programs but may be sensitive; therefore, ethical issues must be critically examined.

Adolescent↗