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PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on brain biogenic amines in methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed treated mice.

The methanolic extract of both Cuscuta reflexa stem and Corchorus olitorius seed showed marked protection against convulsion induced by chemoconvulsive agents in mice. The catecholamines contained were significantly increased in the processed extract treated mice. The amount of GABA, which is most likely to be involved in seizure activity, was increased significantly in mice brain after a six week treatment. Results of the present study revealed that both the processed extracts showed a significant anticonvulsive property by altering the level of catecholamines and brain amino acids in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Changes of biogenic amines in the thymus cell system after T-activin administration].

The aim of this work was to study the dynamics of the neurotransmitter (cateholamine, serotonin, histamine) content in the thymic structures, as well as of heparin maturation degree and degranulation in the thymic mast cells population by means of Falck, Cross and Unna luminescent-histochemical methods 1-30 days following daily T-activinum injections. Concentration of the neurotransmitters in all the bioamine-containing thymic structures was found to fall by day 7, but after day 14 it began to increase, reaching a high level by day 30 that significantly exceeded the initial values. The degree of heparin maturation in mast cells was increased at days 21 and 30. Long-term T-activinum administration (for more than 7 days) is not justified, since an excessive increase in bioamine and heparin content suppresses immune reactions. Degranulating mast cells, surrounded by the zones of microenvironment, that were saturated with the bioamines capable of suppressing thymocytes, were found to predominate at the late stages of an experiment with T-activinum injections.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Indirect biochemical evidence that reserpine methiodide produces selective depletion of peripheral biogenic amines in rats.

Reserpine, an alkaloid from Rauwolfia serpentina was widely used for its antihypertensive action in the past. In the present investigation, reserpine methiodide (RMI), a quaternary analogue of reserpine was synthesised and evaluated biochemically for its central and peripheral amine depleting actions in rats and compared with reserpine. The 24 h urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA), the respective metabolites of noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine were estimated and considered as indirect biochemical indices for the amine depleting action of reserpine and RMI. The results indicate that RMI at doses of equal to and double the equimolar doses of reserpine was found to deplete the peripheral amines without affecting the central stores of the amines. The results further suggest that the quaternization of reserpine might restrict its transfer across the blood-brain barrier and could be the reason for its selective peripheral action.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effect of diethyl carbamazine on neurotransmitter amino acids, biogenic amines and certain related enzymes in Setaria digitata.

Effect of diethyl carbamazine (DEC) on the levels of neurotransmitter amino acids and on the activities of related enzymes of S. digitata have been studied. When the worms were incubated in DEC, substances known to have neurotransmitter effect were found increased except glycine. Among the amines the level of serotonin, dihydroxy phenyl alanine and epinephrine were increased and that of histamine remained the same. DEC inhibited activities of monoamine oxidase, aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase and enhanced those of cathepsin and glutamate dehydrogenase. The effect of DEC on the activities of the enzymes appear to account for the increased level of amino acids and amines. Results indicate that the reversible paralysis caused by DEC is due to the accumulation of neurostimulants and associated decrease in the concentration of inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evaluation of the efficacy of carbamazepine and valproic acid in the alcohol postintoxication syndrome based on ethanol and acetaldehyde kinetics and the content of biogenic monoamines].

The effects of carbamazepine and valproic acid on disturbances of behaviour, elimination of ethanol, acetaldehyde from the blood, the contents of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and histamine in the brain and blood in alcoholic postintoxication syndrome were studied on male albino rats. Carbamazepine and valproic acid were shown to reduce the behavioural manifestations of the syndrome, to increase elimination of ethanol and acetaldehyde, to normalize the levels of the mediators in the brain tissues, particularly in the thalamus.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in kinetics of deaminated biogenic amines in spontaneous hypertension].

Rate of serotonin and benzylamine deamination was increased in liver tissue of rats with spontaneous hypertension. The increase was due to elevation in Vmax value for monoamine oxidases of the A and B types as compared with the corresponding values of control animals. The Vmax value was increased in kidney of hypertensive animals for MAO of the B type (benzylamine as a substrate). At the same time, Km for MAO of the B type was increased in liver tissue, while Km for MAO of the A type was decreased in brain of hypertensive animals. Titration of the MAO active sites exhibited their increased concentration in the B type MAO in liver mitochondria of experimental animals. The data obtained suggest an important role of alterations in the MAO catalytic activity in pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension.

Amines↗