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At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Catabolism of cholesterol by bovine adrenal-cortex enzymes: in vitro formation of oxygenated sterols and side-chain cleavage products.

The identification of sterols and steroids formed by incubation of [7alph-3H, 26-14C]cholesterol with mitochondrial enzymes from bovine adrenal cortex is reported. Only 17% of the radioactivity associated with cholesterol metabolites was found in pregnenolone, whereas 15% was reliable to oxygenated sterols and 6% to steroid compounds. The significance of the formation of these compounds is discussed particularly as regards oxygenated cholesterol derivatives.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1986

Effects of estradiol on adrenal cortex and medulla of the rat. Morphometric studies.

Eight-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley rats are treated with 10 micrograms estradiol daily i.p. for 2 and 4 weeks respectively. Under treatment pituitary and adrenal weight increases in males and similates to those of females. As a relative measure for the cell sizes in the different zones of the adrenal cortex the number of nuclei/constant area is determined. In the outer zona fasciculata estradiol leads to a feminization of cell pattern in males with increase of cell sizes and partly also development of a female liposome pattern. An increase of cell sizes in the zona reticularis between the second and fourth week of treatment is restricted to male animals. In the zona glomerulosa cell sizes increase in males between the 10th and 12th week of life, independent of estradiol. In both sexes estradiol causes a significant dilatation of sinusoids of adrenal medulla. Most of the findings can be explained by known biochemical aspects of corticosterone metabolism of the rat.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

[Reparative processes in the liver and adrenal cortex of rats following an experimental vascular crisis].

Reparative processes in the liver and the adrenal cortex of hemiadrenalectomized female rats, which sustained an acute circulatory disturbance as a result of orthostasis, were investigated by means of quantitative methods (cytometry, kariometry, nucleolometry, determination of cell content calculation of nucleo-cytoplasmic, nucleolo-nuclear ratios). Common features in regeneration of the organs under study were found. During the first days of the experiments the count of the dying cells increased and simultaneously the quantity of amitoses and binucleated cells in the liver grew. The cell composition of the organs was stabilized by the 15th day in the adrenal gland and by the 45th day in the liver. During the first week after orthostasis mitotic activity of epithelial cells rose in both the organs. Later the regeneration took place at the intracellular level (activation of the nuclear apparatus and hypertrophy of the cell cytoplasm).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Long-term trophic action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex.

The effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on the rat adrenal cortex were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term alpha-MSH administration provoked a significant increase in the aldosterone plasma level along with a notable lipid droplet depletion in zona glomerulosa cells. Long-term alpha-MSH treatment induced a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a further rise in the blood concentration of aldosterone. alpha-MSH did not affect zona fasciculata morphology and corticosterone plasma level. The possibility is discussed that alpha-MSH may be specifically involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1999

The expression of inhibin/activin subunits in the human adrenal cortex and its tumours.

Inhibins and activins are dimeric proteins of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily which have been shown to be expressed in the adrenal cortex. Recent studies have suggested a role for these peptides in the pathogenesis and/or function of adrenal tumours. To investigate further their physiological and pathological roles, we have documented immunoreactivity for inhibin alpha, betaA and betaB subunits in normal adult and fetal human adrenals, in hyperplastic adrenals and in adrenal tumours. In the normal and hyperplastic adult gland, diffuse immunopositivity was demonstrated for beta subunits, suggesting that activins (beta beta dimers) can be expressed in all zones. Inhibin alpha was limited to the zona reticularis and the innermost zona fasciculata in the normal gland, extending centripetally into the zona fasciculata in hyperplasia, supporting a role for ACTH in the regulation of expression, and suggesting that expression of inhibins (alpha beta dimers) is restricted. Immunopositivity for all three subunits was seen in both fetal and definitive zones of the fetal cortex, indicating that both inhibins and activins could be expressed in both. Immunopositivity for all three subunits was seen in most adrenocortical tumours. Loss of immunopositivity for inhibin alpha in a subgroup of carcinomas might indicate a role in tumour progression. The greater intensity of staining for inhibin alpha in tumours associated with Cushing's syndrome again suggests a link with cortisol production.

Activins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic regulation of border zone formation in female mastomys (Praomys coucha) adrenal cortex.

The unique border zone between the zona fasciculata and z. reticularis of the female adrenal cortex is formed in the wild-colored inbred mastomys (Praomys coucha) strain, MWC, but never in the chamois-colored inbred strain, MCC. This clear strain-specific trait was genetically analyzed using F1, F2, and backcross progenies produced between MWC and MCC. Reciprocal crosses gave no significant differences in the phenotypic ratio of F1 or F2 progeny. Border zone formation was detected in 0% of F1 females, 25.8% of F2 females, 0% of backcross females between F1 and MCC, and 47.7% of backcross females between F1 and MWC. From these results, it was concluded that border zone formation in the female MWC adrenal is regulated by a single autosomal recessive gene and this gene was named bzf (border zone formation).

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1988

[Malignant non-functioning adrenal cortex carcinoma. Apropos of a case].

A rare case of non-functional carcinoma of adrenal cortex is reported. After a review of the relevant literature, clinical characteristics and diagnostic methods are discussed and surgical treatment and chemotherapy prescribed in this case outlined. Based on personal experience, limitations of diagnostic imaging technics are presented and the importance of conventional radiologic investigations (urography and selective arteriography) re-evaluated, while emphasizing the reciprocal complementarity of all these methods for exploration of retroperitoneal lesions.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

[Adrenal cortex extract in the supportive therapy of neoplasm patients].

A high-title (2000 UCD) adrenal cortex extract was used in the support management of 30 neoplastic patients. Evaluation was based on performance status (PS) according to Karnofsky and symptom incidence before and after the treatment. PS improved in 30%. There was a marked reduction in asthenia and anorexia, with significant changes in headache, nausea, and vomiting. Blood pressure, heart rate, and the blood chemistry picture were not altered.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗