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PubMed1987

Correlation of chromosome abnormalities with histologic and immunologic characteristics in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma. Fifth International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia-Lymphoma.

To correlate cytogenetic findings with histology and immunophenotype, 260 newly diagnosed patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 31 with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) were studied at the Fifth International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia-Lymphoma. Clonal chromosome abnormalities were found in 85% of cases of NHL and in all cases of ATL. The most significant associations of histology with cytogenetics involved the 8q24 and 14;18 translocations. Of 23 NHL patients with an 8q24 translocation, 20 (87%) had small noncleaved cell (SNC) lymphoma. Of 57 NHL patients with a t(14;18)(q32;q21), 37 (65%) had a follicular lymphoma, and at least 13 others (23%) had a diffuse lymphoma of follicular center cell origin. Five others including two who also had an 8q24 translocation had SNC lymphoma; tumors in these patients lacked the monomorphic features seen in those with only an 8q24 translocation. The most striking associations of immunology with cytogenetics involved rearrangements of 14q11-13, abnormalities of 1p, trisomy 3, and trisomy 12. Abnormalities of 14q11-13 were correlated with T cell disease. Among 138 NHL and 24 ATL cases that lacked involvement of 8q24, t(14;18), or rearrangements of 14q11-13, abnormalities of 1p and trisomy 3 were significantly associated with the T cell phenotype (P less than .01) and trisomy 12 with the B cell phenotype (P less than .01). No karyotype difference was found between Japanese ATL and non-Japanese T cell lymphomas except that +3 occurred more often in the former (P = .06). Although the 8q24 translocations in 23 patients were distributed relatively equally among geographic regions (United States, ten; Europe, ten; Japan, three), the t(14;18) in 57 patients was much less frequently seen in Japan than in the other parts of the world (United States, 31; Europe, 21; Australia, four; Japan, one). Thirty-nine chromosome bands had breaks in five or more cases; a number of protooncogenes and genes related to lymphocyte function located in these bands are likely to be involved in the development of lymphoma. Thus, besides confirming the close association of particular chromosome abnormalities with histology, we have identified a number of new associations that merit molecular analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

PGM1 system. Report on the international workshop, October 10-11, 1983, Munich, West Germany.

Because of the increase in the number of PGM1 polymorphisms and the existence of four distinct nomenclatures for expressing subtypes by isoelectric focusing, a nomenclature workshop was held in 1983 to compare variants and arrive at a single method for reporting PGM1 data. A total of 30 rare variants were identified and the recommended method for expressing the four common alleles is PGM1*1A, PGM1*1B, PGM1*2A, and PGM1*2B.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

An analysis of myeloma plasma cell phenotype using antibodies defined at the IIIrd International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens.

Fresh bone marrow from 43 cases of myeloma and three cases of plasma cell leukaemia has been phenotyped both by indirect immune-rosetting and, on fixed cytospin preparations, by indirect immunofluorescence. Both clustered and unclustered B cell associated antibodies from the IIIrd International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens were used. The results confirm the lack of many pan-B antigens on the surface of myeloma plasma cells, i.e. CD19-23, 37, 39, w40. Strong surface reactivity is seen with CD38 antibodies and with one CD24 antibody (HB8). Weak reactions are sometimes obtained with CD9, 10 and 45R. On cytospin preparations CD37, 39 and w40 are sometimes weakly positive, and anti-rough endoplasmic reticulum antibodies are always strongly positive. Specific and surface-reacting antiplasma cell antibodies are still lacking.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using linked birth and infant death files for program planning and evaluation: NIMS workshop lessons.

Health planners should base program decisions on the best information available. Combining information from different sources can be valuable in identifying problems--the essential first step in program planning. To facilitate this process, a workshop was conducted during the National Infant Mortality Surveillance Conference in Atlanta, GA. Maternal and child health directors explored the use of linked birth and infant death data for program planning and evaluation. Linked birth and infant death certificate files permit evaluation of infant mortality by birth weight and other infant and maternal characteristics, thus providing more detailed information than birth or death certificates alone. An assessment of the birth weight distribution of live births, birth weight specific-mortality risks, distribution of deaths by birth weight, and birth weight-specific causes of death can help identify problems in the childbearing population and with the delivery of health services. Once the infant health problems are defined clearly, the selection and delivery of services can be better targeted and evaluated for the reduction of these problems.

Birth Certificates↗
PubMed1988

[Porphyria cutanea tarda (chronic hepatic porphyria): new aspects on pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy with a review of the workshop, "Cutaneous porphyrias" at the 17th World Congress of Dermatology in Berlin 1987].

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the most frequent type of porphyria. As a rule, it is associated with chronic liver disease. The disturbance of the hepatic porphyrin metabolism is regarded as the cause and center of the disease. Thus PCT is also designated as chronic hepatic porphyria. Reduced activity of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase is considered the most important prerequisite for the development of PCT. The cutaneous manifestations are preceded by non-cutaneous latent phases of various degrees. These phases may be proved by urinary porphyrin studies, especially by the increase of uro- and heptacarboxyporphyrins. The hereditary form of PCT can be identified by the determination of the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in erythrocytes. The enzyme deficiency in red blood cells follows dominant autosomal inheritance. Alcohol and estrogens are the predominant factors of clinical manifestation. The application of chloroquine in low doses has proved an effective treatment. The present review includes a report on the workshop "Cutaneous Porphyrias", which reflects the clinical, toxic, pharmacogenetic, pathophysiological, enzymologic, and molecular aspects from the authors' point of view.

Chloroquine↗
PubMed1986

Morphologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic (MIC) working classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Report of the workshop held in Leuven, Belgium, April 22-23, 1985. First MIC Cooperative Study Group.

The classification of the acute leukemias requires close collaboration among several disciplines, including cytomorphology, immunology, and cytogenetics. Continual investigations in the subtyping of acute lymphocytic and acute myelogenous leukemias, utilizing a common language, may be valuable in furthering our understanding of the pathobiology of these neoplasms as well as being of utmost importance to clinicians. The results of a Workshop held in Leuven, Belgium, have been summarized and are presented herein, taking into account the various approaches, and presenting criteria for the classification of various subtypes of B- and T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Immunological aspects of the prevention of viral diseases. WHO Workshop.

This article summarizes the conclusions of a WHO Workshop which reviewed the role of immunological mechanisms in protection against and recovery from virus diseases. Antibodies are important for preventing infection from some viruses, e.g., influenza virus. In contrast, cell-mediated immunity is more important in the process of recovery from an already established infection. Furthermore, while antibodies are extremely specific in their action, cell-mediated immunity exhibits a greater degree of cross-reactivity. This finding could be useful in designing potential vaccines, particularly attenuated virus vaccines using molecular biological methods. Such an approach could be valuable for poliomyelitis vaccine, whose RNA sequence has now been determined. The possibility of using recombinant vaccinia viruses as a potential vector for other virus antigens is also discussed.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the anti-cardiolipin antibody test: report of an international workshop held 4 April 1986.

Thirty laboratories from institutions in Britain, France, Italy, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden and the USA participated in a workshop to evaluate the anti-cardiolipin (aCL) test. Participants were asked to measure IgG and IgM aCL in seven samples on each of three separate days. The seven samples were prepared so that IgG and IgM aCL concentrations were known before distribution. Twenty-three of 30 laboratories measuring IgG aCL had significant regression slopes (P less than 0.001) when optical absorbance readings or counts per minute were compared with IgG aCL concentration. Twenty-four of 28 laboratories measuring IgM aCL had significant regression slopes (P less than 0.001). Coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 81.1% to 98.7% for laboratories with valid IgG aCL assays and from 48.0% to 96.7% for valid IgM aCL assays. Valid assays had in common the use of 10% fetal calf or 10% adult bovine serum in PBS. Assays that were not valid had in common the use of PBS, PBS-Tween, or 0.3% gelatin as diluents. All laboratories with valid assays defined samples with high and moderate aCL levels as positive but there was no consensus about low positive samples. This study shows that properly performed ELISA or SRIA assays can be used to provide an accurate, reproducible, and quantitative measure of IgG and IgM aCL concentration in serum samples.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1985

Prolactin in animal experimentation. Report on the workshop conference of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry held on November 8 to 9, 1984 in Rödermark, FRG.

Work in recent years has revealed that prolactin can no longer be considered exclusively as a lactation hormone, and must be seen in a much wider physiological perspective. Biochemical and pharmacological studies in animals have made a special contribution, and prolactin is becoming increasingly important in toxicological investigations. The general custom of using rats for such studies has its own inherent problems, involving both the analytical methodology and the special requirements that must be observed in the housing and handling of these experimental animals. The aim of workshop conference was to review these special problems, together with our present knowledge of the mechanisms of prolactin secretion, and to present examples of pharmacological and toxicological studies on prolactin. Döhler (Hannover) spoke on the effect of experimental and pre-experimental conditions on the results of prolactin determination in rats. He described in detail the influence of sex, age and animal strain, and of biological rhythms. Alongside these physiological factors, however, a very great influence is exerted by the conditions of housing, and any external interference leads to often dramatic alterations in prolactin secretion. Wuttke (Göttingen) discussed the mechanisms of prolactin secretion in the rat. Here, dopamine holds a key position. This is also pharmacologically important, because prolactin secretion is stimulated by all dopamine antagonists and inhibited by all dopamine agonists. Vasointestinal polypeptide (VIP) and thyroliberin (TRH) stimulate prolactin secretion directly. The contribution by Nagy (Budapest) dealt with prolactin secretion in lactating rats and its modification by various transmitters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Liver metastasis. Report of a workshop, May 26th 1984.

The aim of the workshop was to reach a consensus on issues of importance to future collaborative research. An international staging system was accepted for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, based on the percent of hepatic replacement by tumor (PHR). The value of the various imaging techniques in assessing the PHR was discussed. Agreement was reached on criteria for response and on eligibility criteria for nonsurgical treatment, whereas discussion remained on eligibility criteria for resection. Finally the importance was stressed of the need for no-treatment-control-groups and for a 'matrix' for future hepatic metastases protocols, delineating objectives, staging procedures, criteria for response, follow-up procedures and statistical analysis of the data.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Workshops enhance role of volunteers.

Educational workshops were developed to enrich volunteers' services to a large metropolitan hospital. Staff also benefit by acquiring useful input from the volunteers.

Chicago↗
PubMed1966

Rheumatic fever; summary of a rheumatic fever workshop on various aspects of the disease.

While rheumatic fever is becoming an uncommon disease in all parts of the United States, it still exists in all areas including Southern California. The disease is sufficiently common in Los Angeles County to warrant organized programs of control aimed particularly at careful follow-up, accurate case reporting, secondary prophylaxis and primary prevention.In April of 1965 a Rheumatic Fever Workshop, in which local, national and state experts in rheumatic fever participated, reviewed the status of the rheumatic fever programs in Los Angeles County. Guidelines for future organization for the control of rheumatic fever were developed and presented.

California↗
PubMed1980

[Diagnostic significance of tumour markers in clinical chemistry. Report on the workshop conference of the German society for Clinical Chemistry, held on November 15--17, 1979 in Schloss Auel (author's transl)].

A workshop conference was held on the diagnostic significance of tumour markers in clinical chemistry. The aims of the conference were (1) discussion of the methodological prerequisites for the standardization of tumour marker determinations, and (2) description of those clinical conditions under which the determination of tumour markers should be carried out. The following aspects were discussed in detail: Sampling, comparison of different methods, standardization and quality control, and pathobiochemical aspects. As far as clinical aspects were concerned, emphasis was laid upon the following points: Screening and limits of early diagnosis, evaluation of tumour growth, prognosis, follow-up studies. In addition to oncofetal tumour proteins, hormones, enzymes, and placental proteins were also discussed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1983

Role of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer: a consensus report of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer workshop.

Many studies in small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) have demonstrated a high response rate and a potential for cure in a subset of patients. Combination chemotherapy, the cornerstone of all treatment for SCCL, can produce up to 10% long-term, disease-free survival among all patients with SCCL and greater than or equal to 20% survival among patients who present with limited disease. Significant improvements in survival have occurred in all stages of disease, and further investigative efforts are necessary to improve the complete remission rate, the duration of response, and the percentage of long-term, disease-free survivors. The current report, based on the workshop on SCCL held in Ireland under the auspices of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, reviews the current state of the art for chemotherapy and presents potential future directions.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Summary of in-house EPA workshop to define research/technical support approaches in biotechnology.

In summary. EPA is expanding its scientific capabilities in biotechnology in order to be able to provide better technical support for Agency decision-making. As part of this process, an in-house workshop was held to better define regulatory needs and necessary technical support. In building its program in biotechnology, emphasis will be placed on activities more related to the mission of EPA than that of any other Federal agency. Efforts will build upon past activities and will be coordinated with those of other Federal agencies. It is essential that EPA's scientific efforts in biotechnology be credible and defensible, and thus, its research plans will be subjected to expert peer review.

Containment of Biohazards↗
PubMed1984

Workshops for teaching quality control to laboratory personnel: objectives and guidelines.

The educational aspects are crucial for a successful implementation of new control procedures in the clinical laboratory. The initial effort can take the form of workshops directed to laboratory directors and supervisors on one hand, and to laboratory analysts on the other. The present paper gives an outline of objectives and guidelines for teaching quality control to these two groups of laboratory personnel.

Allied Health Personnel↗