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PubMed2006

Avoiding perforations in endodontics.

PRECIS: While it will be impossible to eliminate all iatrogenic errors in endodontics, by focusing on key areas during the endodontic process, we can reduce the potential for problems for ourselves and our patients.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1990

Current treatment modalities in the conservative restoration of amelogenesis imperfecta: a case report.

Amelogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disorder involving enamel formation that affects the appearance of the teeth to various degrees. Cosmetic rehabilitation of these patients has been open to a variety of treatment options. Complete-coverage restorations are often recommended. Patients are occasionally averse to this because of the extensive preparation of tooth structure or lack of financial means. In the past, conservative measures were inadequate because the lack of enamel bonding did not allow a durable restoration. Presently, with the use of glass-ionomer cements and dentinal adhesives, dentin-resin bond strengths are approaching those of etched enamel. This article discusses the use of glass-ionomer cement, dentinal priming agents, and etched enamel to create a strong bond between restorative material and tooth structure that provides not only satisfactory esthetics, but also a durable restoration.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Principles of aetiology and pathogenesis governing the treatment of periodontal disease.

Modern periodontal therapy is based on the fundamental realization that accumulation of bacterial plaque at the gingival margin causes the incipient lesion in periodontal disease. Without interference, most lesions will progress to involve deeper parts of the periodontium. Recent research has revealed that dental plaque comprises a multitude of bacteria in various combinations with a variety of pathogenic potentials, that supragingival plaque is significantly different from the subgingival variety and that particular bacterial species are associated with different periodontal disease states. However, studies have not yet clearly defined a group of bacteria, much less one species, that is responsible for the different forms of periodontal disease. Therefore, the concept of specific pathogenesis is still not ready for clinical application in the prevention and treatment of these diseases, and dental plaque must be dealt with as an entity. Investigators have failed to demonstrate local or systemic factors, other than local aggregates of micro-organisms, that cause gingivitis and periodontitis. As in any other infections, the pathological events and final outcome are determined by the relationship between the microflora and host resistance. Presently, there are no known means by which the host factors can be manipulated to enhance the defense of the periodontium. Therefore, the only rationale for the clinical management of periodontal diseases is to interfere with the microbiological events. Since it is known that gingivitis precedes periodontitis, the only useful approach to preventing the development of periodontitis is to control gingivitis. The treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis also focuses on the elimination of subgingival bacteria and inhibition of recolonization. The target for this is the root surface, which must be detoxified. Surgical elimination of periodontal pockets is still a valid approach to the treatment of the advanced periodontal lesion but only in so far as it provides access to the subgingival accumulations of plaque. The key to success in periodontal therapy is to prepare the tooth surfaces in such a way as to make them biologically acceptable to the gingival tissues. This may be achieved with or without gaining surgical access.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1995

[In vitro comparison of instruments for root canal preparation. III. Study of the instruments from the viewpoint of shaping asymmetry].

The shape of the prepared root canals is not consistent with the original anatomical shape in the majority of curved canals. The discrepancy is dependent of the type of instrument, the original anatomical form of the root canal and the location of the measurement. The original shape of the root canal has to be taken into consideration in the selection of preparatory instruments because their application is limited by the above mentioned factor. The sonic and ultrasonic preparatory instruments form an exception in this respect due to their non aggressive way of shaping. These instruments cannot be disregarded in the preparation of curved root canals.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1995

[In vitro comparison of instruments for root canal preparation. I. Pilot study of the homogeneity of study groups].

If extracted human teeth are used for comparative study of root canal preparatory instruments the selection of roots into homogeneous test groups is decisive step of the experiment. On the basis our pilot USDA it is necessary not only to consider the Schneider angle and the length of root canal curvature but the surface area of root canals on the mesio-distal and oro-vestibular radiographs showing the projected view of the canals.

Dental Instruments↗