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At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Extension of retinal detachments as a complication of pneumatic retinopexy.

Pneumatic retinopexy is a promising new alternative technique to scleral buckling for the treatment of selected cases of retinal detachment. We describe two cases, however, in which intravitreal gas injection caused further extension of the retinal detachment that in one case led to new macular detachment. This complication of pneumatic retinopexy has not been reported before, to our knowledge, and it may represent a significant limitation to the technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in subretinal fluids of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with PVR].

The concentrations of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in subretinal fluids from 49 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that all subretinal fluids contained IL-1 beta, their concentrations were positive correlation with severity of PVR (r = 0.677) and no correlation with age, sex, holes, ranges and times of retinal detachment, TNF-alpha was detected in 18/49 subretinal fluids including 2 patients with PVR-1 beta and 16 patients with PVR-C and the above cases. It suggested that IL-1 beta and TNF-a are involved in the pathogenesis of PVR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The use of intraocular gases. The results of sulfur hexafluoride gas in retinal detachment surgery.

The results of SF6 gas in 69 retinal detachment cases managed with nonvitrectomy techniques are presented. Of 57 cases followed six months, 64.9% were reattached and 61.4% showed stabilization of visual acuity at 20/60 or better or improvement in vision from the preoperative level. Visual and anatomical results were similar between 16 giant tear cases managed with SF6 and a similar previous series from the same institution managed with air. Complications possibly attributable to gas were development or progression of mild cataract changes in 27% of phakic patients and transient elevation of intraocular pressure in 26% of all patients on the first preoperative day. Presumed central retinal artery occlusion occurred in four patients with elevated pressure, with permanent loss of light perception in three diabetic patients. In selected cases where other methods or air will not suffice, SF6 can be useful if used cautiously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Retinal detachment caused by boxing].

Five cases (six eyes) of retinal detachment due to fisticuffs are recorded; at least four eyes went blind. Similar observations have been reported by other authors. In boxing, traumatic lesions of the head are inevitable since punches upon the head are crucial in this sport. Because of the risk of severe injuries including blindness and even death, at least brutal boxing must be rejected.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Primary retinal detachments without apparent breaks.

In a prospective study of 415 consecutive eyes operated on for retinal detachment, there were no apparent retinal breaks in 41 eyes. Examination of the most likely site for breaks during, or shortly after, cryotherapy was helpful in detecting tiny breaks in several cases. All detachments without apparent breaks were operated on with a three-step operation: we applied two rows of confluent cryotherapy to all retinal breaks, drained subretinal fluid, and used buckles just anterior to the equator. Surgical cure, defined as reattachment for at least six months, was achieved in 93% of eyes with apparent breaks, and in 85% of eyes without apparent breaks. The latter figure increased to 91% when the seven patients with preoperative massive preretinal retraction were excluded.

Choroid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship between results of retinal detachment surgery and method of attachment].

Basing on the clinical material of the years 1984-1991 the authors have compared the results of retinal detachment surgery in two groups of patients, depending on the method of adhesion. Diathermy was used in 182 eyes (group I) and cryosurgery in 274 (group II). Retinal attachment was achieved in 69% of the eyes in group I and in 74% in group II. Inadequate closing of the breaks was the cause of failure in 22.8% of the cases in group I and in 30.6% in group II. Various changes of the macula were observed in 31% of the eyes in group I and in 24.5% in group II. Statistically significant relationships were found between method of adhesion and: development of PVR (p < 0.05), appearance of pigmentary changes in the eye ground (p < 0.01) and cicatrization of the breaks (p < 0.01). Stronger cicatrization was observed after cryosurgery as well as the pigmentary changes in the fundus which have not influenced the results. The studies revealed that no significant differences depending on the method of adhesion were found in results of retinal detachment surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Retinal detachment following phacoemulsification in highly myopic cataract patients.

PURPOSE: To assess whether modern, small incision phacoemulsification techniques significantly reduce the retinal detachment (RD) risk in highly myopic patients who have visually significant cataracts. SETTING: University-associated ophthalmology practice. METHODS: This retrospective study included 80 eyes in 61 patients with preoperative myopia of 7.00 diopters (D) or more. Sixty-four eyes had an axial length of 25.0 mm or greater. All surgery was performed superiorly using a frown-shaped, self-sealing, scleral tunnel. The incision size ranged from 3.0 to 5.0 mm. Capsulorhexis was performed and then four-quadrant cracking phacoemulsification. The posterior capsule was routinely polished. A posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted in the capsular bag in all cases. RESULTS: No RDs occurred during the mean follow-up of 43 months (range 9 to 77 months) or the mean follow-up after neodymium:YAG capsulotomy of 20 months. No intraoperative complications occurred. Seventy-one of 80 eyes (89%) achieved best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or better. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal detachments following modern cataract surgery in high myopia are much less common than previously reported. We attribute this to small incision size, continued maintenance of the anterior chamber, posterior chamber IOL implantation, and lack of intraoperative complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudophakic retinal detachments.

Primary scleral buckling procedures were performed for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in a consecutive series of 179 pseudophakic eyes. Most cases involved eyes in which extracapsular surgery had been combined with iridocapsular implants or posterior chamber lenses or in which iris-fixation IOLs were placed following intracapsular surgery. The characteristics of the detachments were similar, regardless of the type of cataract surgery employed, although there was a trend toward an increased incidence of significant preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy in the intracapsular cases. Anatomic success rates were greater than 90% in all groups. There was a trend for lower visual acuities following successful surgery in the eyes in which intracapsular surgery had been performed than in those following extracapsular procedures.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1982

Ocular immobilization and its role in the management of superior retinal detachment.

Twenty-eight patients with bullous superior half retinal detachments were treated by pre-operative binocular occlusion, retrobulbar Bupivicaine hydrochloride and ocular immobilization using a temporary inferior rectus suture taped to the patient's forehead. Sufficient pre-operative flattening of the retina was achieved in each case to permit successful simple detachment surgery, with release of subretinal fluid in only three eyes. Eye movements were recorded by electro-oculography in five patients during separate periods of binocular occlusion, inferior rectus suture fixation and following a retrobulbar injection of 0.5 per cent Bupivicaine hydrochloride. All three methods of ocular immobilization caused a significant reduction in frequency and amplitude of eye movements compared with periods of unrestricted eye movement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerclage of the eyeball with silicone sponge as a successive procedure in severe retinal detachment].

Examined were eighty nine eyes operated for recurrent retinal detachment which were subjected--as an ultimate intervention--to cerclage by means of a silicone sponge with diathermocoagulation of the sclera and with evacuation of the subretinal fluid. In part of the patients one performed additionally a laser coagulation of the retina, scleral cryopexy, intravitreal injection of SF6 gas as well as a posterior vitrectomy. Reattachment of the retina followed in 65 eyes (73%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Oral colchicine for the treatment of experimental traction retinal detachment.

In proliferative vitreoretinopathy and trauma, long-term reattachment of the retina is often prevented by the formation of contractile cellular membranes on the retinal surface and within the vitreous cavity. Colchicine, a well-documented inhibitor of microtubule assembly, is a potent inhibitor of retinal pigment epithelium cell, astrocyte, and fibroblast proliferation and migration. To study the therapeutic value of orally administered colchicine, we used an experimental animal model in which intravitreally injected platelet-derived growth factor and fibronectin produced traction retinal detachments in rabbits. With oral administration of colchicine, we were able to decrease the incidence and severity of traction retinal detachment from 74% in controls (20 of 27 eyes) to 29.6% in the treated animals (eight of 27 eyes) at five weeks (P less than .0009). These results, and the apparent lack of retinal and systemic toxicity, suggest that oral therapy with colchicine may prove to be of value in the treatment of human disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[Silicone oil tamponade in the treatment of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy].

AIM: This paper presents early and later stage of the treatment of 93 eyes (89 patients) with retinal detachment in the course of PVR. All patients were treated in our department between February 1992 and February 1994. METHOD: Standard port pars plana vitrectomy was performed in all cases related earlier with sclear buckling procedure without success. RESULTS: One week, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery good anatomical results were achieved respectively in: 82%, 80%, 78%. One week, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery good functional results were achieved respectively in: 74%, 67%, 58%. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade is method of choice in the treatment of retinal detachment in the course of PVR.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the treatment of retinal detachment by intrascleral buckling using the Schepens method].

Fifty two patients (53 eyes) with retinal detachment were operated by Schepens' method with the intrascleral silicone implantation technique, differing from the classical Schepens' method particularly in cerclage operations. The tightening band nearly along its total course (except of the rectus muscles) runs intrasclerally. The authors achieved an anatomical reapposition in 79% of operated cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of incomplete visual acuity recovery after macula-off retinal detachments.

PURPOSE: To determine whether pre and/or postoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluation of the fovea is useful in explaining delayed or incomplete visual acuity recovery after successful surgery for shallow macula-off retinal detachments. METHODS: Prospective study of 16 patients (10 female, 6 male; mean age 53+/-4 years) with a spontaneous rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with peripheral breaks and a shallow elevation of the fovea. Patients were examined by OCT preoperatively and at 1, 6, and 10-12 months after surgery. At 1 month after surgery, fluorescein angiography was also performed. Mean follow-up was 11.0+/-1.0 months. RESULTS: Preoperative OCT images could be classified into four categories according to the extent of retinal edema and presence of foveal depression. The extent of retinal edema in the detached macula did not correlate with preoperative or postoperative vision. In 11 cases, OCT images at 1 month after surgery showed a foveal detachment with residual subretinal fluid that was not visible clinically or on angiography. Long-term persistence of this fluid could be observed in eight cases at 6 months and in one case at 12 months, and was associated with incomplete recovery of visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative OCT of the detached macula can demonstrate widespread retinal edema, the extent of which does not appear to influence final postoperative vision. Delayed and incomplete visual recovery after successful reattachment of the retina may, however, be due to persistent circumscribed subfoveal fluid accumulation that is visible only on OCT not clinically or on fluorescein angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Changes in the organization and expression of cytoskeletal proteins during retinal degeneration induced by retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the changes in the organization of the retinal cytoskeleton after experimental retinal detachment. METHODS: Cat retinas were detached from the retinal pigment epithelium and then processed for Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy. Proteins examined included glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, tubulin, and actin. Sections were viewed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: GFAP and vimentin: At 1 day after detachment, there was an aggregation of intermediate filaments in the endfoot of Müller cells. At 3 days, intermediate filament containing Müller cell processes could be detected within the subretinal space, and, at 28 days, these processes formed large glial scars in the subretinal space. beta-tubulin: At 3 days after detachment, an increase in immunolabeling could be detected within the Müller cell endfoot and in Müller cell processes within the subretinal space. Actin: At 3 days after detachment, rhodamine-phalloidin staining decreased in the inner segments, the photoreceptor synaptic terminals, and the outer limiting membrane. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in labeling of the photoreceptor inner segment and synaptic terminal cytoskeleton may be a key indicator of early changes in photoreceptors after detachment. The increase in cytoskeletal proteins GFAP, vimentin, and tubulin within the retinal Müller cells after detachment may help to stabilize this cell type as it hypertrophies during glial scar formation. Inhibition of this response may aid in the treatment of diseases in which Müller cell hypertrophy plays a role.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Case-control study of idiopathic retinal detachment.

A case-control study of idiopathic, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (IRD) was conducted to investigate potential risk factors for developing IRD. These included some factors reported previously, such as cardiovascular disease, and some not under suspicion, such as cigarette smoking and iris colour. Cases (n = 198) were incident cases of IRD who were hospitalized for surgical repair of their detachments. Controls (n = 655) were patients hospitalized for conditions unrelated to suspected risk factors for IRD. The risk of IRD appeared to increase with increasing age, and the relative risk for self-reported myopes, compared with non-myopes, was elevated (RR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.3 - 5.0). The relative risk of IRD was decreased in current smokers (RR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3 - 0.8); although there was not a significant trend of decreasing relative risk with increasing amount smoked, the estimate was lowest in those who smoked most heavily. Risk did not appear to be related to gender, eye colour, history of myocardial infarction, or history of hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Intraocular pressure, cup-disc ratio, and steroid responsiveness in retinal detachment.

A review of the literature failed to indicate whether the high incidence of open angle glaucoma in patients with nontraumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is due to common genetic determinants. The diurnal variation of intraocular pressure, the cup-disc C/D ratio, and the intraocular response to topically applied corticosteroids were studied in 30 subjects with unilateral, nontraumatic, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The results indicate that 20% of the subjects were high steroid responders and that 53% had a C/D ratio greater than 0.3. We shall discuss the relationship of these findings to the multifactorial inheritance of open angle glaucoma.

Administration, Topical↗