Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Program Acceptability”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A national survey of the acceptability of quitlines to help parents quit smoking.

OBJECTIVE: Provision of telephone smoking cessation counseling can increase the rate of quitting smoking. The US Public Health Service recently helped to establish a free national quitline enrollment service. No previous surveys have assessed the acceptability to parents of enrollment in quitline counseling in the context of their child's health care visits. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess acceptability to parents of enrollment in quitline counseling and to compare that with the reported rate of actually being enrolled in any smoking cessation counseling outside the office in the context of the child's health care visit. METHODS: Data were collected by a national random-digit-dial telephone survey of households from September to November 2004. The sample is weighted by race and gender on the basis of the current US Census to be representative of the US population. RESULTS: Of 3615 eligible respondents contacted, 3011 (83.3%) completed surveys; 958 (31.8%) who completed the survey were parents with children under the age of 18 years. Of these parents, 187 (19.7%) were self-identified smokers. Of the parents who smoked, 113 (64.2%) said that they would accept enrollment in a telephone cessation program if the child's doctor offered it to them. In contrast, of the 122 smoking parents who accompanied their child to the doctor in the past year, only 11 (9%) had any counseling recommended to them, and only 1 (0.8%) was actually enrolled. These results did not vary by parent age, gender, race, or child age. CONCLUSIONS: When interacting with parents who smoke, child health care providers have low rates of referring and enrolling parents in any services related to smoking. Enrollment in quitlines would be acceptable to the majority of parents in the context of their child's health care visit. Tobacco control efforts in the child health care setting should include implementation of office systems that can facilitate enrollment of parental smokers in telephone quitlines.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Revision cochlear implantation for facial nerve stimulation in otosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To find if patients experiencing postsurgical facial nerve stimulation caused by underlying disease process (ie, otosclerosis) can improve their hearing performance with their cochlear implant by reimplantation and by an optimal programming strategy. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Two cochlear otosclerosis patients with resistant facial nerve stimulation (FNS). Both patients were initially implanted with Nucleus 22 devices (Cochlear Corporation, Englewood, Colo) and they developed FNS after a period of use. Owing to the decreasing number of active electrodes, concurrent decreases in speech understanding occurred. INTERVENTIONS: Various programming approaches were used to address the FNS. Both subjects ultimately received Nucleus 24 devices. One was reimplanted in the same ear, and the other was implanted in the opposite ear. Both have been followed up for 8 months following the reimplantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cochlear implant programming levels, cochlear implant performance, and facial nerve stimulation. RESULTS: The FNS was managed for more than 3 years through optimized programming. However, the FNS progressed until performance dropped below acceptable levels. Reimplantation was believed to be the only option for improvement. After reimplantation and programming, both subjects showed immediate improvement in speech discrimination. One user increased his consonant-nucleus-consonant word score from 12% preoperatively to 42%, and the other's performance increased from 0% to 86%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that having more programming options with newer devices is critical in otosclerotic or ossified users who experience FNS. Also, reimplantation may be a useful tool to improve performance.

Cochlear Implantation↗
PubMed2002

Targeting dental sealants in school-based programs: evaluation of an approach.

Several guidelines have been published in the United States to promote the appropriate use of sealants in both individual care and public health programs. Targeting sealants to children and teeth at high risk for dental caries has been accepted as a desirable strategy in school-based programs. However, there is little evidence to show that programs are complying with these guidelines. This report examined the extent to which sealants were targeted to high-risk children at 11 different school-based programs in New York State. Data on 3357 children ages seven to nine were analyzed. The percent of children receiving sealants ranged from 41% to 88%. While in two sites (St. Lawrence & Onondaga) fewer than 52% of the children received sealants; more than 73% received sealants in the remaining nine sites (P < 0.05). The results suggest that there was a wide variation in the implementation of the guidelines for sealant use. Some reasons for not adhering to the guidelines were: difficulty in assuring parents and local dentists that some children were not at risk for caries; lack of confidence in the risk-assessment method; uncertainty regarding what constitutes deep pits and fissures; fear of misclassifying children and requests by school administrators, parents and local dentists that all children should benefit from preventive measures.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Quality assurance program for clinical measurement of antiretrovirals: AIDS clinical trials group proficiency testing program for pediatric and adult pharmacology laboratories.

Clinical trials designed to compare antiretroviral regimens, investigate therapeutic drug monitoring, or measure pharmacometrics often include protease inhibitors (PIs), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, requiring the measurement of these antiretrovirals in plasma. Within the adult and pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), a network of Pharmacology Support Laboratories (PSLs) is a component of the group laboratory infrastructure and conducts these types of pharmacologic assays. The adult ACTG has developed a comprehensive quality assurance program for the conduct of clinical pharmacology protocols, one component of which is the antiretroviral proficiency testing (PT) program that has been implemented between the adult and pediatric pharmacology laboratories of the ACTG. PT testing samples were prepared and distributed in July 2001, February 2002, and July 2002. High, medium, and low concentrations of PIs (indinavir, saquinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, and nelfinavir) and NNRTIs (nevirapine and efavirenz) were added to drug-free EDTA plasma and distributed, on dry ice, to eight ACTG PSLs. One testing laboratory used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and seven used high-performance liquid chromatography-UV analysis. A result was considered acceptable if it was within 20% deviation of the assigned concentration. For all concentrations of PIs evaluated, 96% of samples tested (430 of 448 measurements) met the acceptance criteria. For both NNRTIs, 100% of samples tested (140 of 140 measurements) met the acceptance criteria. In conclusion, the PT program results presented demonstrate excellent interlaboratory agreement for all antiretrovirals tested and provide support for the merger of plasma concentration data among laboratories for large clinical trials.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Call obligations in radiology residency: a survey.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the initial assignment of call responsibilities during residency, the effect on call obligations of the number of residents, and the differences between private and university programs and level 1 and non-level 1 trauma centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey was sent to all 203 diagnostic radiology residency programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Chief residents at 21 institutions were surveyed by phone or in person. Directors of residency programs in the Graduate Medical Education Directory received the survey electronically. RESULTS: Responses were received from 99 (68 university, 31 private practice) of the 203 programs. Nine (9%) reported both a decreased number of residents and a subsequent increase in call obligations. First-year residents generally began to accept calls with a senior resident or alone at a median of 6 months, although 15 (48%) private practice programs required them to accept calls alone before this time. First-year residents at university programs (31%) were more likely to assume call duties during the first 6 months accompanied by a senior resident. Maximum time before 1st-year residents started going on call was 13 months. CONCLUSION: Call obligations remain a resident responsibility. University and private practice programs differ more than level 1 and non-level 1 trauma centers.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1999

[Parental assessment of a psycho-oncologic treatment concept in pediatrics].

Treatment-accompanied psychosocial care of pediatric cancer patients and their families is quite established nowadays. In this study a family-oriented psychosocial intervention program was evaluated. 76 parents filled out an questionnaire about the utilization and efficiency of different parts of the program. The results show that the efficiency of the intervention program is very high. Nationality of the families, socioeconomic status und the presence of a relapse of the cancer were the most important predictors of taking part in the different parts of the program. Parents reported that the most positive effects of the psychosocial intervention program consisted in a gain of information and a better intrafamiliar communication. In conclusion the evaluation showed a high acceptance of the family-oriented psychosocial intervention program and positive effects on the whole family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Development and evaluation of a tobacco cessation motivational program for adolescents based on physical attractiveness and oral health.

PURPOSE: Little is known about how to motivate youth to participate in smoking cessation programs. This paper reports an investigation of the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention that used vanity and oral health issues associated with tobacco use to motivate adolescent tobacco users to enter a school-based tobacco cessation program. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty-four continuation high school students aged 14 to 19 (31% female) and living in rural California participated in a youth-oriented, vanity and oral health-focused intervention designed to motivate tobacco users to join a six-week tobacco cessation group. RESULTS: Following the intervention, 21 of 37 (57%) regular smokers signed up for the cessation program. Of these smokers, seven (33%) did not indicate on the baseline questionnaire any desire to quit smoking. Of the 21 smokers who signed up to participate in the cessation program, 16 (76%) actually participated (10 males and six females), eight (50%) completed all treatment sessions, and four (25%) reported that they quit smoking at the end of the program. CONCLUSIONS: Overall program evaluations were very favorable. Findings were interpreted to provide support for the feasibility and acceptability of using physical appearance and oral health-oriented programs to motivate adolescent tobacco users to enter school-based cessation programs. Further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of such programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

A psychoeducational model for Hispanic Alzheimer's disease caregivers.

PURPOSE: More than 14 million persons are projected to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the year 2020; therefore, it is not surprising that the literature contains numerous caregiver intervention studies. What is surprising is that although minority elders represent one of the fastest growing segments of the older population, they are seldom discussed in the intervention literature. DESIGN AND METHODS: A purposive sample of Hispanic caregivers participated in a 5-day, 20-hr psychoeducational program to increase the caregivers' understanding and acceptance of AD, repertoire of coping skills, knowledge of resources, and expression of concerns and emotions of caregiving. Pre- and posttests were administered to determine if participation in the program improved caregivers' knowledge of the progression and management of AD, as well as knowledge of appropriate community-based services. RESULTS: Caregivers demonstrated a significant improvement on the Caregiver Knowledge Survey, an increased awareness of community-based services, increased willingness to attend support groups, and overall satisfaction with the program. IMPLICATIONS: Culturally sensitive intervention research with minority AD caregivers provides the opportunity to increase understanding and improve coping skills.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed2005

An accelerated hepatitis B vaccination schedule for young drug users.

OBJECTIVE: To determine completion rates for an accelerated hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) program among a population of young drug users. DESIGN: Between January 2001 and May 2002, a three-dose course of HBV vaccine (0, 7 and 21 days) was offered free to all drug users (aged 22 years or younger) accessing two outreach sites of a youth-focused support and drug treatment service in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Clients were offered vaccination in any safe environment of their choice. An audit was conducted on the health records of participating clients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of completed vaccinations; settings in which vaccinations were completed. RESULTS: Ninety young people accepted vaccination, with 71% completing the full course. The majority preferred to receive vaccination at drug treatment outreach sites (53%). CONCLUSIONS: An accelerated vaccination schedule appears acceptable to young drug users, suggesting that vaccination programs can be successful when barriers to immunisation are appropriately identified and addressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Factors influencing acceptance of hepatitis B vaccination by hospital personnel in an area hyperendemic for hepatitis B.

A free-of-charge vaccination program against hepatitis B, in which plasma-derived vaccine was used, was offered to 1,299 hospital personnel of Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok. The initial acceptance rate for vaccination was 65.7%, with 10.0% nonacceptance and 24.3% undecided. The highest rates of acceptance were among medical students (75.5%), student nurses (68.8%), and newly graduated nurses (63.6%). The lowest rate of acceptance was among physicians (48.2%). Factors strongly associated with the acceptance of vaccination were nature of work, age of personnel (< or = 40 yr), number of years spent in profession (< or = 15 yr), knowledge of hepatitis B, confidence in vaccine efficacy and safety, no history of hepatitis B infection, and contact with blood or blood product. Different types of fear, as well as lack of knowledge, were the main reasons responsible for 46.2% of all refusals. More specific educational efforts about vaccine safety and efficacy may positively influence the acceptance of hepatitis vaccination program among health care personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Smoking cessation by mail: a comparison of standard and personalized correspondence course formats.

Self-Instructional behavior-change programs for reducing risks to health are potentially widely available, acceptable and cost-effective. This paper reports outcomes of a smoking cessation program administered by mail. Two hundred and eight smokers were allocated systematically to a quit kit control condition (n = 40), to a standard correspondence course (n = 86) and to a personalized correspondence course prepared with the aid of a microcomputer (n = 82). There were significantly higher rates of abstinence after the course for correspondence course participants compared to controls, but these differences did not persist at three-month and nine-month follow-ups. There were no differences between the personalized and standard courses on abstinence rates, number of cigarettes smoked per day, or return of feedback forms on each lesson. There were associations between self-efficacy strength and reduced rates of smoking, and active participation in the course was associated with lower smoking rates.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1995

Fostering a drug-free workplace.

Drug abuse costs American industry and the public an estimated $100 billion a year. As a result, workplace drug testing programs have become a serious option for many companies. Federal guidelines regarding testing and laboratories are in place. An overview of the current components necessary in designing a corporate drug testing program that complies with these guidelines is presented. Essential features of a corporate workplace drug testing program, that is, the policy, the testing process, and the laboratory contracted to test employees, are detailed from designs suggested in the current literature and in compliance with federal guidelines. Developing a cost-effective corporate program that meets federal guidelines, stands up to court scrutiny, and is universally accepted by employees is the objective of a drug testing program. The challenge can be met by building consensus, spelling out policy, maintaining high testing standards, and above all making rehabilitation of employees who test positive the ultimate goal of a drug-free workforce/workplace.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparation of pooled cryoprecipitate for treatment of hemophilia A in a home care program.

Cryoprecipitate is used infrequently in home therapy for patients with hemophilia A since freezer storage is required and resuspension and pooling of thawed cryoprecipitate is cumbersome. We evaluated procedures for preparation of cryoprecipitate in an "open system" so that four to six bags of cryoprecipitate could be pooled after production and refrozen for home therapy. Factor VIII activity for pooled cryoprecipitate was 132 +/- 30 (mean +/- SD), 125 +/- 45, and 145 +/- 47 units per bag pooled in three separate studies. Cultures from cryoprecipitate pools and individual cryoprecipitate bags did not show contamination in the "open system" or with the water bath thawing procedure. The mean increment in factor VIII activity per unit per kg infused was 0.02 units per ml and the mean half-life was 10.5 hours in three patients with hemophilia A. Pooled cryoprecipitate was shown to be clinically efficacious and acceptable for use in home care programs for hemophilia A.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1996

Acceptability and feasibility of a community approach to asthma management: the Neighborhood Asthma Coalition (NAC).

Understanding of asthma and co-management between patient and physician improves outcome. Feasibility of programs to achieve these goals in underserved settings is not documented. We used the Precede-Proceed model to document (a) community acceptance of a program to engage peer support of asthma management and care; (b) program revision to emphasize greater attention to availability of care and promotional events as channels for education; (c) engagement of intended audiences in planning and implementation; (d) participation of parents in program activities; and (e) peer-based education/support to reach parents, including socially isolated parents whose children experience heightened morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent supratentorial glioma: results of a compassionate use program in Belgium.

Temozolomide (TMZ) has demonstrated activity and acceptable toxicity for the treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas in prospective phase II studies. Limited information is available on TMZ when prescribed outside a clinical trial. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the activity and safety of TMZ that was prescribed for the treatment of recurrent glioma in the context of a compassionate use program in Belgium. Data were obtained on 117 adult patients (from five hospitals) who received TMZ as first or second line chemotherapy. The recommended starting dose of TMZ was 200 mg/m2 x5d q28d for chemonaive patients and 150 mg/m2 x5d q28d for pre-treated patients. Toxicity was generally mild. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent treatment related adverse event (grade 3/4 in 17% of patients). Its occurrence was correlated with a starting dose of 200 mg/m2/d and stresses the need to monitor toxicity. The overall objective response rate (complete and partial response) was 29 and 34% of patients achieved an objective disease stabilization. The median progression-free survival was 104 days (95% CI: 85-123) and the median overall survival was 215 days (95% CI: 161 269). In multivariate analysis a 'deep localization' of the glioma (as opposed to a cortico-subcortical localization) and 'the preceding history of a low-grade glioma' were respectively identified as a negative and positive independent prognostic variable for survival. No significant difference in terms of response or median survival was observed between patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or oligo-astrocytoma and chemonaive glioblastoma multiforme. This retrospective study indicates that the reported activity and toxicity profile of TMZ for the treatment of patients with recurrent glioma is reproducible outside the setting of a prospective clinical trial.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Methadone medical maintenance in primary care. An implementation evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Methadone is effective treatment for opioid addiction, but regulations restrict its use. Methadone medical maintenance treats stabilized methadone patients in a medical setting, but only experimental programs have been studied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the implementation of the first methadone medical maintenance program established outside a research setting. DESIGN: One-year program evaluation. SETTING: A public hospital and a community opioid treatment program. PARTICIPANTS: Methadone patients with >1 year of clinical stability. Eleven generalist physicians and 4 hospital pharmacists. INTERVENTIONS: Regulatory exemptions were requested. Physicians and pharmacists were trained. Patients were transferred to the medical setting and permitted 1-month supplies of methadone. MEASUREMENTS: Patient eligibility and willingness to enroll, treatment retention, urine toxicology results, change in addiction severity and functional status, medical services provided, patient and physician satisfaction, and physician attitudes toward methadone maintenance. RESULTS: Regulatory exemptions were obtained after a 14-month process, and the program was cited in federal policy as acceptable for widespread implementation. Forty-nine of 684 patients (7.2%) met stability criteria, and 30 enrolled. Twenty-eight were retained for 1 year, and 2 transferred to other programs. Two patients had opioid-positive urine tests and were managed in the medical setting. Previously unmet medical needs were addressed, and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) medical composite score improved over time (P=.02). Patient and physician satisfaction were high, and physician attitudes toward methadone maintenance treatment became more positive (P=.007). CONCLUSIONS: Methadone medical maintenance is complex to arrange but feasible outside a research setting, and can result in good clinical outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A diabetes management program for African American women with type 2 diabetes.

PURPOSE: This paper describes a clinic- and community-based diabetes intervention program designed to improve dietary, physical activity, and self-care behaviors of older African American women with type 2 diabetes. It also describes the study to evaluate this program and baseline characteristics of participants. METHODS: The New Leaf ... Choices for Healthy Living With Diabetes program consists of 4 clinic-based health counselor visits, a community intervention with 12 monthly phone calls from peer counselors, and 3 group sessions. A randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention is described. RESULTS: Seventeen focus groups of African American women were used to assessed the cultural relevance/acceptability of the intervention and measurement instruments. For the randomized trial, 200 African American women with type 2 diabetes were recruited from 7 practices in central North Carolina. Mean age was 59, mean diabetes duration was 10 years, and participants were markedly overweight and physically inactive. CONCLUSIONS: Participants found this program to be culturally relevant and acceptable. Its effects on diet, physical activity, and self-care behaviors will be assessed in a randomized trial.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Nutritional epigenomics of metabolic syndrome: new perspective against the epidemic.

Human epidemiological studies and appropriately designed dietary interventions in animal models have provided considerable evidence to suggest that maternal nutritional imbalance and metabolic disturbances, during critical time windows of development, may have a persistent effect on the health of the offspring and may even be transmitted to the next generation. We now need to explain the mechanisms involved in generating such responses. The idea that epigenetic changes associated with chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene expression underlie the developmental programming of metabolic syndrome is gaining acceptance. Epigenetic alterations have been known to be of importance in cancer for approximately 2 decades. This has made it possible to decipher epigenetic codes and machinery and has led to the development of a new generation of drugs now in clinical trials. Although less conspicuous, epigenetic alterations have also been progressively shown to be relevant to common diseases such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Imprinted genes, with their key roles in controlling feto-placental nutrient supply and demand and their epigenetic lability in response to nutrients, may play an important role in adaptation/evolution. The combination of these various lines of research on epigenetic programming processes has highlighted new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.

Animals↗