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At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The role of bibliotherapy in health anxiety: an experimental study.

Despite its high prevalence and implications for health care resources, health anxiety is generally considered difficult and expensive to manage. Structured self-help materials (bibliotherapy) using a cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) treatment approach have been shown to be clinically effective. This experimental study investigated the effects of bibliotherapy on patients who had been identified as demonstrating health concerns. The 40 participants (patients drawn from GP surgeries) were randomly allocated to two groups, one receiving bibliotherapy and the other not. Half the patients had a medically diagnosed problem. Anxiety was assessed before and after the bibliotherapy intervention, which took the form of a cognitive-behavioural self-help booklet for health anxiety sufferers. Patients in the bibliotherapy group showed reduced levels of anxiety at post-test, even when they also had an identifiable physical problem. These results are consistent with the idea that self-help materials can be an effective and accessible intervention in CBT, although further research is recommended.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assisting patients to comply with leg ulcer treatments.

A great deal of work has been done in recent years to highlight and improve the leg ulcer problem in the UK. Leg ulcer clinic projects have resulted in effective treatments (Moffat, 1990), guidelines to assist in the appropriate management of leg ulcers (Nelson, 1996) and leg ulcer clinics that aim to prevent recurrence (Ruane-Morris et al, 1995). However, even with the best possible treatment strategies based on reliable research evidence, many patients do not comply with the recommended treatment and therefore have persistent non-healing or recurrent ulceration (Moffat and Franks, 1995). Patient education is vastly important in this area and can be supported by education leaflets to facilitate learning. Educational theories can also be drawn on to ensure that patient education is based on sound evidence.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Can leaflets assist parents in preparing children for hospital?

This article outlines the findings and implications of a small study designed to investigate the perceived usefulness of an information leaflet entitled 'Preparing your child for hospital: a parents' guide'. The study was carried out in an ear, nose and throat unit where children are admitted for elective surgery. A leaflet was developed and field tested before being mailed to a group of parents. An analysis of the data collected demonstrated considerable parental satisfaction with the information contained in the leaflet. The authors believe that similar leaflets should be routinely distributed to families with children awaiting hospital admission.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Information booklets for patients with major bowel resection.

This article highlights the importance of providing information that meets the needs of surgical patients. Focus group interviews were used to ask patients who had undergone major bowel surgery what information they felt was required to help prepare someone for this experience. A group of patients who had recently had bowel surgery were interviewed by two facilitators. This technique allowed the participants to identify and verify the issues of concern and to originate new ideas through group discussion. The participants identified many issues that would not have been considered by the authors, issues that were used to form the content of three information booklets for patients having bowel surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What information patients require on graduated compression stockings.

Graduated compression stockings are used prophylactically on a variety of patients within acute hospitals. Anecdotal evidence suggests patients have a limited understanding of this treatment. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore patients' experiences of compression stockings and to ascertain perceptions of their use. Information was gathered using telephone interviews from a sample of 12 adults who had been patients within the past 2 months, and who had worn compression stockings for more than 48 hours. The results showed that patients received little or no information from healthcare staff regarding compression stockings, but that they did have knowledge from other sources, such as long-haul flight advice. This raises issues of informed consent and patient empowerment and highlights the need for both verbal and written information. The information gained informed a patient information leaflet, which was developed in partnership with a patient focus group.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A comparison of written and multimedia material for informing patients about dental implants.

A study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of an information leaflet with a multimedia program in informing potential implant patients attending a dental hospital. The results show that both methods of presenting information are effective in informing patients; however, where the information to be presented is visual in nature, a multimedia presentation can have a more positive short-term effect than an equivalent leaflet.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2003

Non-pharmacological management of breathlessness: a collaborative nurse--physiotherapist approach.

Breathlessness is a common and challenging symptom in palliative care. A simple audit of 470 patients under the St Christopher's Hospice Homecare team found that 43% complained of breathlessness. Research has indicated that non-pharmacological management can be of benefit to terminally ill patients with breathlessness. Knowing that both nurses and physiotherapists each have core skills to offer these patients, the authors aimed to integrate and consolidate their approach to enhance best practice. The supportive care and advice of the clinical nurse specialist was combined with physiotherapy sessions. The aim of this collaborative approach was to reduce patient anxiety, maximize respiratory function and provide information to help patients understand, adapt and regain some control of their breathing. A leaflet containing simple written information for patients was developed and found to be useful. It was found that supportive professional relationships strengthened links between the multiprofessional team. Positive feedback has been received from patients and health-care professionals about the sessions and breathlessness leaflet. By establishing this combined approach the authors have contributed to significant practice development at St Christopher's Hospice.

Dyspnea↗
PubMed2003

Administration of as required subcutaneous medications by lay carers: developing a procedure and leaflet.

Good symptom control is considered one of the factors that determines whether patients are able to die at home. This article describes a practice development project to enable carers to administer as required (PRN) subcutaneous medication, via a subcutaneous butterfly device in a community setting. Medications were mainly analgesic injections, although others, such as midazolam, were also given. The article highlights the lack of literature on the topic, reviews relevant background information and presents two successful case histories. It outlines the development of a procedure and accompanying leaflet to support community nurses in teaching relatives how to carry out this task, and the implementation of the process.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

An exploration of patients' understanding of leg ulceration.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify patients' understanding of leg ulceration by examining their knowledge of the disease process and their expectations of their treatment outcomes. It also aimed to identify their attitudes to any patient information provided to them. METHOD: A total of 101 patients (median age: 75 years, range: 23-91; 54% female) with current leg ulceration of 16 months' median duration (range: 1-480) were asked about their understanding of their condition and treatment and their expectations of patient information provided by health-care professionals. RESULTS: The majority of patients believed they knew the cause of their ulceration (66%), most frequently attributing it to trauma (28%). The most important part of the treatment was felt to be bandaging (27%) and visiting the clinic (12%). Thirty-nine percent did not know what the term 'venous' meant. 'Trauma' was frequently described as a psychological problem, with only 7% associating the word with a knock or wound. Over half of the patients (64%) expressed an interest in acquiring further information, particularly on how they could assist ulcer healing (51%). CONCLUSION: For patient education to be effective, it must be tailored to the patients' vocabulary using simple concepts and straightforward, unambiguous messages.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Information leaflets for venous leg ulcer patients: are they effective?

OBJECTIVE: To validate the usefulness of written information for patients with venous leg ulcers and test the hypothesis that patients who receive written information retain more knowledge than those who receive verbal information alone. METHOD: Twenty patients newly diagnosed with venous leg ulcers were recruited into this prospective trial. Patients were randomised either to the control group (given verbal information on their condition) or the intervention group (same verbal information and an information leaflet). The verbal information was in the same format as in the leaflet. Patients' knowledge of the condition was ascertained at an initial interview and at follow-up four to six weeks later. RESULTS: At follow-up both groups showed an overall improvement in knowledge, with no statistical difference between them. CONCLUSION: The results indicate there is limited value in providing information leaflets to this patient group, who were predominantly older patients with low levels of education. The relatively small sample size may explain the disappointing results. Further research may reveal a benefit of providing these leaflets to carers.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

The role of written provider communication in external client participation.

In certain classes of services, the client's role in the service delivery process often extends beyond the face-to-face exchange. With compliance dependent services (CDS), the client is expected to continue to perform for him or herself once away from the service provider in order to ensure positive outcomes and customer satisfaction (Dellande and Gilly, 1998). This study examined the effectiveness of written provider communication in influencing client motivation and role clarity in CDS. Two exploratory investigations examining written provider communication were conducted. In study 1, written material of three different types of health care related CDS (dialysis, prenatal care and weight loss) were examined; in study 2, dialysis written material was further examined. The findings suggest that, in the majority of the materials examined, written provider communication does not seem to clearly communicate the consequences of noncompliance (a source of customer motivation). However, the materials examined were effective in clarifying the client's external service roles.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Truth and deception in AIDS information brochures.

This essay documents state governmental subversion of expansive constructions of HIV-disease. While it is clear that governments frequently practice deception and secrecy with the justification that the public would become dangerously emotional and irrational if fully informed, there is no evidence that the public would, in fact, behave that way. The essay concludes with a ranking of state AIDS brochures for accuracy and totality of information.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2005

Implementing alcohol screening and intervention in a family medicine residency clinic.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of simultaneous systems interventions and clinician training on management of hazardous and harmful drinking in a residency clinic. Systems interventions included forming a multi-disciplinary implementation team, training registration clerks to distribute health risk questionnaires using the AUDIT-C alcohol screen, and training nurses to score the AUDIT-C and administer the AUDIT to screen-positive patients. Clinicians were trained to perform brochure-based interventions on screen-positive patients. Research staff provided compliance feedback. Over 12 months, 8.0% (241/3014) of patients screened positive and 3.8% (115/3014) received brief interventions. For screen-positive patients, comparisons with baseline measurements found increased rates of alcohol assessment (50% vs. 0%, p < .0001) and intervention (48.1% vs. 9.4%, p < .0001). Clinicians intervened more often when prompted with completed AUDITs (72% vs. 23%, p < .0001). Program modifications resulted in progressive increases in numbers of patients screened. This model shows promise for use in other residency programs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A colorectal cancer patient focus group develops an information package.

INTRODUCTION: In order to deliver high quality care and empower cancer patients in decision-making, good quality information and communication are essential. We describe the development of an information booklet. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 22 colorectal cancer patients (12 male; median age, 72 years, range, 40-86 years) met on 3 occasions. Patients were asked to define their information needs and score them (1-4) according to importance. The information document was written. The second meeting involved feedback on the booklet. The modified booklet was reviewed/approved by the group before submission for local ethics committee approval prior to its distribution to other patients. RESULTS: All participants felt the project a good idea. Essential information included the surgeon's individual morbidity, mortality, survival, recurrence data and details of adjuvant therapies (score = 4). Also important were type of surgery, complications and postoperative recovery (score = 3). Simple anatomical drawings were also considered important. CONCLUSIONS: The booklet is now used to personalise information for all our patients and serves, in part, as a record of the key issues discussed during the consultation. The booklet has been evaluated in a randomised trial.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Broken bones and fractures - an audit of patients' perceptions.

INTRODUCTION: 'Have I got a fracture or a break doctor?' remains a commonly posed question in fracture clinics, suggesting that patients frequently feel a 'fracture' and a 'break' are two separate entities. This apparent misconception amongst fracture clinic patients may result in confusion and occasionally anger that doctors appear to have inconsistent views on the severity of their injury. Compliance and outcome of patient care can also be affected by poor communication. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our questionnaire-based study was conducted in two stages. The initial objective was to establish whether this misconception surrounding the words 'fracture' and 'break' is commonly held amongst our out-patient trauma patients. The second stage of the audit was to determine whether a patient information leaflet on fractures/broken bones could help reduce this misconception. RESULTS: The preliminary audit involving 50 new patients attending our fracture clinic showed that 84% thought there was a difference between a 'fracture' and a 'break', with 68% believing a 'break' to be worse than a 'fracture'. Following the introduction of an information leaflet, a re-audit of 61 new patients took place. This time 67% felt there was a difference between a 'fracture' and a 'break', with 65% believing a 'break' to be worse than a 'fracture'. Only 21% had read the supplied information leaflet, and 69% of those still believed there was a difference between a 'fracture' and a 'break'. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients believed that there was a difference between a 'fracture' and a 'break'. Access to information leaflets did not appear to alter this misconception. Verbal communication and explanation may be more beneficial and practical than visual aids and leaflets in overcoming this problem.

Adult↗