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A descriptive study of ninety-two hospital libraries in Mexico.

This work reports on the existing situation of ninety-two hospital libraries, located at Mexico's Social Security Institute (IMSS). A descriptive, systems approach was used to explore the physical structure and space of the libraries, staff, furniture, equipment, collections, services, organization and management, and users. Structured interviews were applied to each hospital library, and a questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data. A "control" system, designed to measure the status of each library, was applied through the assignment of values to several indicators, derived from IMSS policy manuals. This procedure helped to identify which library was "more" or "less" adequate to IMSS standards. Within the rank of 10 to 1 (10 = optimum; 1 = minimum), the mean rank of IMSS hospital libraries was 6. The major deficiencies found were those related to furniture (ranked 4) and services (ranked 5) and the lack of library professionals found in 92% of the libraries.

Academies and Institutes↗

Access to learning resources for students on placement in the UK: what are the issues and how can we resolve them?

AIM: To compile a list of the issues regarding access to learning resources which affect students on placement in the UK and suggest some ways in which these can be resolved. RESULTS: Issues relating to PC access, network access, software, firewalls, disciplinary procedures, electronic information resources, virtual learning environments, service level agreements, physical access to libraries, book loans, reading lists and course committees are identified and discussed in relation to NHS libraries. CONCLUSIONS: Successful resolution of the IT and library issues, which are increasingly inter-linked, can help to ensure that students have a positive placement experience. Resolution will depend on close, regular liaison and can be assisted by negotiation of a clear Service Level Agreement.

Access to Information↗

New roles: professional staff sharing between a hospital and an academic library.

Childrens Hospital Los Angeles is a pediatric hospital and research institute affiliated with the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California (USC). Historically, the library at Childrens Hospital was staffed by a hospital-employed librarian. In 1999, the library position was outsourced to USC's Norris Medical Library. The new position is staffed by a librarian who divides her time equally between two locations: the Childrens Hospital Library and the Norris Medical Library. This staff sharing arrangement has three primary goals: increase the collaboration between the libraries; improve access to resources and library staff expertise; and provide faster document delivery service to the Childrens Hospital library. This paper presents the details of the position, and addresses the pros and cons for both libraries and the librarian.

Academic Medical Centers↗

National services provided by the Health Sciences Resource Centre of Canada.

The Health Sciences Resource Centre forms part of the National Science Library of Canada, whose collections and services are described. The new Centre coordinates activities of the various provincial medical libraries. Its creation began with increased collections of medical journals, and plans are underway to print out a union list of medical journals from the Union List of Scientific Serials tapes. The first product of the Centre is a medical "proceedings index" to proceedings held by the National Science Library; this is computer-produced, and will appear annually. An analysis was made of the medical items requested for borrowing from the National Science Library according to type of material, service provided, type of user, and geographical location. The results are given.A description is given of the SDI service currently provided by the National Science Library, based on Chemical Titles, Chemical Abstracts Condensates, INSPEC, and the ISI tapes. It is hoped to expand this data base with MEDLARS tapes.

Canada↗

The National Library of Medicine's Native American outreach portfolio: a descriptive overview.

OBJECTIVES: This paper provides the most complete accounting of the National Library of Medicine's (NLM's) Native outreach since 1995, when there were only a few scattered projects. METHOD: The descriptive overview is based on a review of project reports, inventories, and databases and input from the NLM Specialized Information Services Division, National Network Office of the Library Operations Division, National Network of Libraries of Medicine, and Office of Health Information Programs Development of the Office of the NLM Director. The overview focuses on NLM-supported or sponsored outreach initiatives involving Native peoples: American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians. RESULTS: The review of NLM's relevant activities resulted in a portfolio of projects that clustered naturally into the following areas: major multisite projects: Tribal Connections and related, Native American Information Internship Project: Sacred Root, tribal college outreach and tribal librarianship projects, collaboration with inter-tribal and national organizations, participation in Native American Powwows, Native American Listening Circle Project, Native American Health Information, and other Native American outreach projects. IMPLICATIONS: NLM's Native American Outreach reached programmatic status as of late 2004. The companion paper identifies several areas of possible new or enhanced Native outreach activities. Both papers highlight the importance of solid reporting and evaluation to optimize project results and programmatic balance and priorities.

Community-Institutional Relations↗

Appropriate information: new products and services.

Effective health information services require action on three major levels: identifying and acquiring appropriate resources; applying appropriate methodologies for management of information and its communication; and stimulating local initiatives and applications. WHO's Programme of Library and Health Literature Services proposes its methodologies and products for creating and improving effective information services to health workers.

Developing Countries↗

THIS is where it's at.

The Medical Center Library contracted to provide bibliographic information services for the Tobacco and Health Research Institute of the University of Kentucky. This new department is now an integral part of the Medical Center Library providing reference and literature services in the tobacco and health area. Operating as a quasi-independent unit of the Medical Center Library, THIS (Tobacco and Health Information Services) functions separately in all areas of library operations, or more specifically, as a special library within a library. Its collection differs from that of most libraries in that it consists almost solely of periodical reprints instead of books and journals. The diversity of disciplines which tobacco and health literature encompasses has created the need for the development of a current awareness service for researchers. It is the belief of the author that there is a definite trend toward library collections such as THIS within larger medical libraries, as more institutes with special areas of interest are being formed.

Bibliographies as Topic↗

The changing continuing education role of health sciences libraries.

Libraries have always organizationally supported the continuing education (CE) objectives of their respective institutions. As CE experts increase their understanding of the learning process and the factors that make CE opportunities successful, it is important that health sciences librarians use this knowledge to enhance their positions as key players in the CE field. This paper surveys the literature related to the roles of health sciences libraries in CE, reports an informal survey of health sciences librarians, and identifies innovative services that integrate the library with the lifelong learning processes of its users. Four distinct support areas are identified in which the library relates to CE (resources, content, education, and information management), illustrating traditional library CE roles and suggesting new opportunities. To be successful in improving the library's role in CE, librarians must attend to their own lifelong learning needs, increase collaboration with educators and CE providers, participate in research that addresses the learning and information assimilation processes, and actively involve the library in the quality filtering process.

Education, Continuing↗

Using focus groups to discover health professionals' information needs: a regional marketing study.

This paper describes the use of focus groups as a data-gathering tool, in both theoretical and practical terms. Calder's discussion of focus groups is presented as the basis of the theory, and the marketing study conducted by the Midcontinental Region of the National Network of Libraries of Medicine serves as the backdrop to highlight some of the practical aspects of using this qualitative data-gathering method. Results of the marketing study are presented to illustrate the types of data that can be gathered using this methodology and the types of plans for future activities that can be developed based on the data gathered.

Communication↗

The NLM current catalog.

When the National Library of Medicine acquired a computer to augment its publication program, the intent was to present in one medium an index to journal articles and a catalog of books and new serial titles. The computer programs designed for indexing were unsatisfactory for cataloging, however; so two publications were issued, the Index Medicus and the NLM Current Catalog. The Current Catalog features separate name and subject sections, added volumes, and technical reports. The Express Cataloging Service was one of the first attempts to increase the speed and coverage of the Catalog. Shared cataloging with the Library of Congress, the Countway Library at Harvard, and the Upstate Medical Library in Syracuse, New York, have also contributed to the efforts toward improving this library service. An additional shared cataloging program, this time with the National Medical Audiovisual Center, is expected to be implemented shortly.

Catalogs, Library↗

New measures for new roles: defining and measuring the current practices of health sciences librarians.

The roles of academic health sciences librarians are continually evolving as librarians initiate new programs and services in response to developments in computer technology and user demands. However, statistics currently collected by libraries do not accurately reflect or measure these new roles. It is essential for librarians to document, measure, and evaluate these new activities to continue to meet the needs of users and to ensure the viability of their professional role. To determine what new measures should be compiled, the authors examined current statistics, user demands, professional literature, and current activities of librarians as reported in abstracts of poster sessions at Medical Library Association annual meetings. Three new categories of services to be measured are proposed. The first, consultation, groups activities such as quality filtering and individual point-of-need instruction. The second, outreach, includes activities such as working as liaisons, participating in grand rounds or morning report, and providing continuing education. The third area, Web authoring, encompasses activities such as designing Web pages, creating online tutorials, and developing new products. Adding these three measures to those already being collected will provide a more accurate and complete depiction of the services offered by academic health sciences librarians.

Computer Communication Networks↗

Costing medical libraries: the feasibility of functional cost analysis.

As a result of organizational changes in the National Health Service (NHS) there is a need for a coherent costing model for NHS libraries, particularly for the smaller libraries based in postgraduate medical centres. One possible model is functional cost analysis, whereby all costs are assigned to library functions representing services to users, such as loans from stock, interlibrary loans, enquiry services, etc. Using data from a 1991 survey of postgraduate centre-based libraries in the North West Thames (NWT) Region of the NHS, the feasibility and appropriateness of functional cost analysis is examined.

Budgets↗

MEDLINE users, usage and economics.

The on-line services of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) have grown in terms of both numbers of institutions using the service and in terms of total service provided. About 10 billed institutions are added per month with a total of 675 such institutions at the end of 1977. Total searches have now reached 900 000 per year. NLM services account for about 45% of all the bibliographic searching in the US. The effect of prices has been significant.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗