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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Basics of employment law: understanding and dealing with adverse employment actions and discrimination in the workplace.

In the present setting of fiscal and other constraints placed upon the business world during economically challenging times, there exists both intentional and unintentional opportunities for unfair and illegal treatment of employees. Hospitals and other health care facilities or organizations are not immune. In fact, given the demographics of our field and the general "graying" of our colleagues, a disproportionately higher number of perfusionists reside within the age-protected guidelines established by both federal and state law. Not coincidentally, the pressures on hospitals to stay solvent in the presence of decreasing reimbursement and declining revenues may well create a prescription for unfair treatment of employees. This article will explain the basic concepts of the protections afforded employees by law with regard to freedom from harassment and discrimination in the workplace. Matters related to the hostile workplace environment; age, sex, and race discrimination; and adverse employment actions will be explained and illustrated by applicable case law. In this regard, it is intended that this article will enhance the opportunity for perfusionists to be cognizant of both the express and implied behaviors (both verbal and nonverbal) that may be detrimental to an employment situation, as well as to be cognizant of some of the remedies at law available regarding adverse employment circumstances.

Agonistic Behavior↗
PubMed1994

Athletic Medical Insurance Practices at NCAA Division I Institutions.

As the cost of athletic medical insurance continues to rise, athletic departments are searching for ways to continue to provide quality insurance coverage while keeping costs contained. There are few published articles dealing with the specific topic of the daily operations of maintaining an athletic medical insurance program. We sent an 18-item questionnaire to the 295 active NCAA Division I head athletic trainers to ascertain the current trends in athletic medical insurance. Of these, 207 (70%) responded. Of the respondents, 85% were primarily responsible for the administration of their athletic department's insurance coverage, although they had received no formal training in insurance management. Most athletic departments carry secondary policies and many report having a deductible. A wide range of insurance coverage and premiums were reported.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

[Quality and quality development in medical practices--epidemiological results of the accompanying evaluation of the new KBV quality management system].

The motivation for quality management has now reached medical and psychotherapeutic practices. This is partly due to exogenous factors, including regulatory requirements such as Sect. 135a SGB V (German Book of Social Code) demanding the implementation and further development of internal quality management from both out-patient and in-patient healthcare providers. The National Association of SHI-Accredited Physicians in Germany (KBV), along with several regional associations, responded to these internal demands and external requirements by developing the quality management system "Quality and Development in Practices (QEP)". Assisted by an independent institute, 61 selected practices participated in the pilot study. The pilot phase included five interview rounds held between April and November 2004 with 60 practices taking part. The results describe practitioners' expectations for the current state of and the demand for internal quality management. Only one in five practices expects improvements from the implementation of quality management in the area of healthcare processes and management. The improvement of organizational processes, patients' safety and patient outcomes are considered more important. In a self-assessment procedure which included 73 targets with 236 verifications from the quality target catalogue a distinct potential for quality improvement has been revealed. The greatest need for improvement has been identified in cases where quality management defines specific requirements for the practices. These include: treatment pathways, patient information, risk management, case discussions and instruction, quality improvement, regulations and quality measurement. Even practices with advanced quality development activities were able to detect some potential for improvement with the application of the QEP catalogue. In order to attain 15 selected quality targets with 45 verifications, the practices were provided with tools like sample documents and suggestions for internal regulations to be used for quality improvement and requiring relatively small efforts. The effectiveness of implementing a quality management system cannot be adequately demonstrated by an accompanying evaluation. However, established instruments (such as the quality target catalogue and verifications), complemented with suitable outcome indicators, allow the effects of the implementation of internal quality management to be measured in a comparative, or, ideally in a randomized study.

Epidemiology↗
PubMed2006

Going cash-only.

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Fee-for-Service Plans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nosology of mental retardation].

The classificatory systems used through history. The analysis of their criteria for categorization allowed the authors to deduce the nosologic considerations and the paradigms underlying the conceptions of mental retardation sustained in each time period, not always from psychiatric origins. The effects of considering mental retardation as a disorder or a disability are discussed together with the correlation with the type of interventions and instituted social practices (related to mental health, social participation, education). The characteristics of the supports' paradigm and its consequences in the classifications and intervention plans are analyzed with more detail.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2007

In defense of the DNP.

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Education, Nursing, Graduate↗
PubMed1991

Interinstitutional comparison of frozen-section consultation. A College of American Pathologists Q-Probe study of 79,647 consultations in 297 North American institutions.

In 1989, the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes Quality Assurance Program studied intraoperative frozen-section consultations performed in 297 institutions with mean bed size of 316 (range, 0 to 1351 beds) in North America during 5 consecutive months. The aggregate database was composed of 933,751 surgical cases (mean, 3144 per institution); 52,464 frozen-section cases (mean, 177); and 79,647 individual frozen sections performed (mean, 268). The rate of frozen sections per all surgical case accessions was 5.6% (cases with frozen section) and 7.3% (individual frozen sections performed), with an average of 1.5 frozen sections per case. Frozen-section rate increased proportional to bed size, from less than 5% in institutions with bed size below 150 to 15% in institutions with bed size above 600. Of all frozen sections performed, 4.2% were deferred. Deferrals to paraffin sections in pathologists' opinions were 92.6% appropriate, 1.2% inappropriate, and 6.2% not stated. When frozen-section diagnoses were compared with permanent section diagnoses, there was a 98.3% diagnostic concordance, adjusted for deferred diagnoses, but including the performance of frozen sections on mammographically directed biopsy specimens with no gross abnormalities in 80% of institutions. This practice accounted for 11.8% of the discordant frozen-section diagnoses. The reasons for diagnostic discordances were gross tissue sampling (44.8%); misinterpretation (40%); sectioning (12.7%); inadequate history (5.6%); staining (1.5%); labeling (0.5%); and other (3%). Assessment of diagnostic discordance on patient outcomes by the reviewing pathologist showed that patient management was unaffected in 74%, minimally affected in 20%, and greatly affected in 2.5%.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Drug product distribution systems and departmental operations.

Technologies affecting institutional pharmacy practice and the operation of pharmacy departments are reviewed, future developments are outlined, and implications of these developments for pharmacy education are proposed. Computer technology, especially as applied to areas such as artificial intelligence, online information databases, electronic bulletin boards, hospital information systems, and point-of-care systems, will have a strong impact on pharmacy practice and management in the 1990s. Other areas in which growth is likely to be active include bar-code technology, robotics, and automated drug dispensing. The applications of these technologies are described, with particular attention placed on the effects of increased automation on the drug-dispensing function. Technological advances may effect marked reductions in dispensing and medication errors; questions concerning the cost-effectiveness of these new systems remain to be answered. These advances also create new opportunities for clinical involvement by pharmacists; however, a fundamental understanding of computer systems is essential. Current practitioners can benefit from attending seminars, participating in users' groups, and keeping current with the computer literature. Many students now acquire the needed skills in computer laboratories and in the classroom. Technological advances will offer the opportunity for pharmacists to expand their clinical role.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1991

Legal and ethical problems in intensive care units.

The intent of this article is to increase the awareness of physicians working in intensive care units as to their legal and ethical responsibilities, and the potential for serious harm they can do to patients with the inevitable malpractice law suit if patient damage does occur. This article also suggests some defences in the event that physicians get involved in the legal cobweb.

Advance Directives↗