Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “INTESTINAL PARASITES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Temporal host-parasite relationships of the wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.) as revealed by stable isotope analyses.

Natural abundances of the stable isotopes, 15N/14N (delta15N) and 13C/12C (delta13C), were used to study temporal host-parasite relationships of the wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.). During the 12-month sampling period, temporal isotopic shifts in delta15N were noted for dietary vegetation, host rabbit faeces and fur, but not for muscle or stomach contents. delta15N varied temporally for the parasitic cestode species, Mosgovoyia pectinata but not for Cittotaenia denticulata. Similarly, intestinal parasitic nematodes had apparent species-specific delta15N patterns. Only rabbit fur and intestinal parasitic nematodes did not exhibit temporal shifts in delta13C. Overall, host faeces and stomach contents were isotopically indistinct as a likely consequence of coprophagy. Relative to their host, parasitic nematodes were 15N-enriched, consistent with an increase in trophic level status. Conversely, cestodes were 15N-depleted. Isotopically, each parasite reflected a species-specific relationship with their rabbit host. This technique could be utilized to integrate parasites into food-web studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Intestinal parasitosis in Mbyá-Guaraní populations from Misiones Province, Argentina: epidemiological and nutritional aspects].

Intestinal parasite infestation in indigenous Mbyá-Guaraní communities in Misiones, Argentina, was described and associated with nutritional status and environmental and cultural factors. The results were compared with those from Takuapí, a neighboring indigenous population, and the nearest urban population, Aristóbulo del Valle. The Ritchie, Willis, and Kato Katz techniques were used to analyze the stool samples. Anthropometric parameters were analyzed and earth samples processed. From a total sample of 296 individuals analyzed in the four populations, 100 (87.7%), 63 (88.7%), 49 (96.1%), and 50 (82%) were infested in Kaaguy Poty, Yvy Pytá, Takuapí, and Aristóbulo del Valle, respectively. 84% of infested individuals had multiple parasites. The 43% of the individuals presented malnutrition, and 87% of these were infested. There was an association between use of latrines and Giardia lamblia (p < 0.01); open-air defecation, lack of footwear, and hookworms (p < 0.01); and housing type and total helminthes (p < 0.01). Earth samples were contaminated with parasites. The results suggest the relationship between environmental contamination and high prevalence of intestinal parasites in these human populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Endoparasite infection in stray and abandoned dogs in southern Switzerland].

At their entry into the animal domicile, "La Stampa", in Lugano (canton Tessin), 217 stray dogs and 154 unwanted dogs were examined for infections with intestinal parasites, filariae, Babesia and Leishmania. The following techniques were used for detection of intestinal parasites: combined sedimentation-flotation, MIFC technique and scotch tape adherence test. Prevalences of helminth egg excretion in stray dogs and in unwanted dogs, respectively, were as follows: 34% and 22% for Trichuris, 17% and 14% for Toxocara, 3% and 5% for hookworms, 4% and 0% for taeniids. Dipylidium, Toxascaris and Capillaria were diagnosed sporadically. Samples positive for taeniids were further tested for the presence of Echinococcus coproantigens in a sandwich ELISA: one of 9 dogs was strongly positive. This dog was euthanized for security reasons and upon dissection, 11 Taenia hydatigena and more than 10,000 gravid Echinococcus granulosus worms were found. Microfilariae were detected in the blood of 3 stray dogs and one unwanted dog by the Difil-test. In all 4 cases the infective species was Dirofilaria immitis as confirmed by morphology, acid phosphatase activity analysis of microfilariae and by detection of specific antigens in blood plasma by ELISA. Specific antibodies against antigen of Leishmania infantum could not be detected in any of these dogs by ELISA. However, 3 stray dogs had specific antibodies against antigen of Babesia canis as demonstrated by IFAT.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Epidemiological studies on intestinal helminth parasites of rural and urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the United Kingdom.

An epidemiological study of intestinal helminths in 843 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from southern England revealed the presence of 13 parasite species: five nematodes--Toxocara canis (prevalence 55.9%), Toxascaris leonina (1.5%), Uncinaria stenocephala (68.0%), Trichuris vulpis (0.5%) and Capillaria aerophila (0.2%); four cestodes--Taenia pisiformis (13.8%), Taenia hydatigena (2.5%), Echinococcus granulosus (0.1%) and Dipylidium caninum (3.8%); two trematodes--Brachylaima recurva (2.9%) and Cryptocotyle lingua (2.3%); two acanthocephalans--Prosthorhynchus transversus (0.7%) and Macracanthorhynchus catulinus (0.1%). Trichuris vulpis, Brachylaima recurva, Macracanthorhynchus catulinus and Prosthorhynchus transversus are new host records for the UK. Results are discussed with reference to variations in the diets of urban and rural foxes and to their potential as reservoir hosts for helminths of medical and veterinary importance.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Digestive parasitism in Sousse area. Results of a 16 years retrospective study].

To report the prevalence and type of intestinal parasites together with their kinetics in Sousse region. Our retrospective study concern data from the examination of 56,268 stool samples and 7552 tape tests, performed in the laboratory of parasitology of F. Hached Sousse hospital from 1st January 1987 up to 31 December 2002. We observed an overall parasite prevalence of 31.5%. Most common parasites were protozoa, Giardia lamblia, Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis hominis being the most frequently encountered. Helminths consisted mainly of Enterobias vermicularis (35.86% positive tape tests) and Hymenolepis nanus. The kinetics data analysis showed an important decrease in the prevalence of Giardia lamblia, the other feco-oral transmitted flagellates and Hymenolepis nanus. In contrast, Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis hominis prevalences increased. The prevalence of the amoeba showed a slight decrease. Intestinal parasites remain quite common in Sousse region, even though their epidemiological patterns are changing. Factors inducing these changes need to be investigated in order to plan efficient control measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in feces collected during necropsies].

With the intention to verify the frequency of intestinal parasites, we have taken the inside digestive system material from three different parts of the intestinal tract while we were doing 135 complete necropsies. The stools were kept in MIF (Formol, iodine and merthiolate mixture) being studied in slides by the direct method. We have found intestinal parasites in 40 cases (29.6%), 11 (27.5%) with two or more kinds of parasites and 29 cases (72.5%) with only one kind of parasite. The most frequent parasites were: S. stercoralis (31,9%), E. hystolytica (23.4%), hook worm (19.1%) and A. lumbricoides (17%). The results are in according with epidemiological research made in this area. Thus, they prove that the parasitological exam made in feces taken during the necroscopy provides further evidence to enrich the anatomo-pathological diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Asymptomatic parasitic infections in renal transplant recipients and in haemodialysis patients.

One hundred and sixty-seven clinically asymptomatic renal transplant recipients and 119 patients on chronic haemodialysis were studied for the presence of intestinal parasites and for the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Intestinal parasitic infections were more frequently found in transplant recipients than in haemodialysis patients and in controls. Among transplant recipients, the prevalence rate of T. gondii antibodies at high titres was significantly increased, but in these subjects the positivity rate of specific IgM assays was reduced. This seems to indicate a greater occurrence of asymptomatic reactivated infections. Our findings suggest that parasitologic surveys of immunosuppressed patients should be periodically performed also in temperate climates, in order to prevent the possibility of disseminated infections.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parasitic agents in childhood diarrhoea and malnutrition.

In a prospective survey, 1130 children were studied for parasitic infections associated with acute diarrhoea and/or protein energy malnutrition at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Intestinal parasites were isolated in 29.2% of the children with E. histolytica, S. mansoni, Hookworm and A. lumbricoides predominating. Children with diarrhoea marginally harbour parasites more frequently than those without diarrhoea, particularly the diarrhoeagenic parasites. The prevalence and pattern of parasitic infections was similar between the malnourished children and their controls reflecting similar environmental influence. We therefore conclude that significant number of children are infected with intestinal parasites and these contribute to morbidity and mortality by precipitating or aggravating diarrhoeal disease or malnutrition. The need for improving sanitation, community awareness, and periodical mass treatment of pre-school and school age children with antiprotozoal and anti-helminthic drugs is advocated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endoparasite prevalence in truck farmers and in the vegetables of Feira do Produtor de Maringá, Paraná].

Few studies have assessed the contamination of vegetables at Brazilian production sites. From April 1996 to December of 1997, the sanitary conditions of raw consumed vegetables sold in the Feira do Produtor de Maringá were investigated. We based the analyses on the contamination of vegetables, of the producers (stool samples and material under the fingernails) and of the water used for irrigation. It was observed that 16.6% of 144 samples of five different types of vegetables were contaminated with intestinal parasites. Forty three of 163 individuals (26%) were infected with one or more parasites. Only three of the 49 samples of material under the fingernails analyzed were positive for intestinal parasites. Analysis of samples of the water used for vegetable irrigation showed that the water did not satisfy bacteriological standards of potability. We conclude that in the investigated area the contamination of vegetables occurred during the production phase and that a sanitary education campaign directed at the producers is needed.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1984

[Present status of the treatment of helminthiasis].

Infestation with intestinal parasites can now be controlled by several broad-spectrum compounds. These drugs are particularly useful against multiple intestinal parasites, as frequently found in tropical and subtropical countries, and are well suited to mass treatment. The introduction of oxamniquine and praziquantel constitutes a break through in the treatment of intestinal and urogenital schistosomiasis. Praziquantel also perfectly controls taeniasis, sometimes including its larval form (cysticercosis). Experience is too short to evaluate the effectiveness of benzimidazoles (notably albendazole), administered post-operatively or alone when surgery is contra-indicated, in the treatment of hepatic or alveolar hydatid disease. Better drugs are needed to treat Fasciola hepatica infestation or to control onchocerciasis and other diseases due to filariae.

Albendazole↗