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Results for “EXPERT TESTIMONY”

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At least 1,621 records · Page 90Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Nineteenth-century Massachusetts coroner inquests.

Coroner is an ancient office, dating back centuries in England; originally financial officers, coroners over time become medicolegal investigators. Coroners in early Massachusetts functioned under English common law and, later, under statute. However, studies of early coroners and inquests are not common, and many details of how coroners actually functioned are unknown. A previously unpublished set of 19th-century Massachusetts inquest records discloses details of coroner function, including administrative and financial details, social conditions surrounding inquests, and increasing use of medical and toxicologic testimony.

Autopsy↗
PubMed2002

Testimony in seventeenth-century English natural philosophy: legal origins and early development.

This essay argues that techniques for assessing testimonial credibility were well established in English legal contexts before they appeared in English natural philosophy. 'Matters of fact' supported by testimony referred to human actions and events before the concept was applied to natural phenomena. The article surveys English legal views about testimony and argues that the criteria for credible testimony in both legal and scientific venues were not limited to those of gentle status. Natural philosophers became concerned with testimony when they shifted their attention from universal statements about nature to particular natural and experimental histories constructed by English naturalists. The shift to a more Baconian approach to natural investigation, itself shaped in part by legal concepts and practice, made it possible for members of the Royal Society to adopt an already familiar and societally approved approach to testimony. However, the essay also suggests how the use of scientific instruments and the desire to avoid the adversarial processes of the law modified legal conditions for fact determination, and made it possible for later generations to associate the concept of fact, supported by credible testimony, with the natural rather than the human sciences.

England↗
PubMed1999

Approach to neurotoxicity tort cases.

This article provides the neurologist with simple methods that can be applied to all clinical neurologic evaluations, regardless of the future potential for litigation. This article defines the appropriate application and interpretation of conventional neurologic, neurophysiologic, neuropsychological, and biochemical diagnostic tests that are sensitive to neurotoxic exposures. This article also provides the neurologist with guidance in the preparation of clinical findings and tips on the recognition and use of supportive literature that is often required for admissibility of evidence at a deposition or testimony.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Admissibility of neuropsychological testimony after Daubert and Kumho.

Neuropsychological testing has been used in court cases all over the United States, as testimony to provide evidence of whether or not a person has a traumatic brain injury. It has, however, been scrutinized for its admissibility in court, but recognized for objectivity in successfully documenting and proving deficits in people with traumatic brain injuries. The trial court is used as a gatekeeper, and may chose to perform assessments of the tests themselves, for validity of sensitivity, specificity, reliability and validity in determining whether a neuropsychological test may be used as testimony in a court case.

Brain Concussion↗
PubMed1994

Sexual abuse of children and adolescents.

Increasingly, clinicians are being asked to help determine whether a child or adolescent has been a victim of sexual abuse. Since the late 1970s numerous articles about sexual abuse have appeared in the literature. This review article will acquaint the clinician with the definition and incidence of sexual abuse and the characteristics of the abused and the abuser. Practical guidelines are included for interviewing the victim, performing the physical examination, appropriate laboratory testing, treatment, reporting to appropriate authorities, and court testimony.

Adolescent↗