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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Identification of pathogens in the condensates from air pressure systems in dental offices.

We examined the air pressure systems in 23 dental offices and found growth of Group A Streptococci and/or Staphylococcus Aureus in 91 percent of them. We also examined nine handpiece lines from these 23 offices and found growth of pathogens in 78 percent of them. Correlation of the growth found in the handpiece lines and the growth found in the air pressure tanks needs further study to determine if an interrelationship exists between these two areas of contamination. However, contamination does exist in both areas and these areas deliver contaminated air under pressure to the oral environment. We need to consider mechanisms for filter entrapment or sterilization of these pathogens.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The isoenzyme identification and pathogenic characteristics of the Leishmania isolated in natural foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the USSR].

By 8-11 enzymes, using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 378 isolates from R. opimus, 3 isolates from M. libycus, 4 isolates from P. andrejevi, 1 isolate from P. papatasi, 1 isolate from S. murgabiensis and 25 isolates from human patients with skin leishmaniasis have been identified. Using starch gel electrophoresis, 17 strains from R. opimus and 3 strains from patients have been additionally identified by 12 enzymes. All the isolates were tested for ability to cause leishmaniasis disturbances in golden hamsters intracutaneously injected into the ear. It is established that L. major is a polytypic group which on the territory of the USSR consists of 3 independent species: L. major (in a narrower sense), L. gerbilli and L. sp. nov, a new earlier unknown species. All three types of Leishmania are specific parasites of R. opimus and only L. major may affect man and M. libycus. 3 types of Leishmania may coexist in the body of one animal. In R. opimus and golden hamsters, all of them caused only skin damages, visceralization was never registered. In golden hamsters, L. major always caused progressing ulcers, while L. sp. nov. and L. gerbilli caused only infiltrative damages. Only 9 (3%) of 268 L. sp. nov. isolates caused ulcers developing similar to those caused by L. major in the experimental animals. The data obtained account for the local nature and seasonal regularities of the epidemic process in the natural foci of skin leishmaniasis by the changing proportion of L. major in the complex of Leishmania encountered in R. opimus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The isoenzyme identification and pathogenic characteristics of clones of Leishmania major, L. sp. nov. and L. gerbilli].

Using Fonbrune's micromanipulators, 16 freshly obtained Leishmania isolates (13 from R. opimus, 1 from P. papatasi, 2 from patients with skin leishmaniasis) have been cloned. 4 out of them were L. major isolates, 5 were L. sp. nov. isolates, 5 were mixed L. major and L. sp. nov. isolates and 1 was L. gerbilli isolate. 316 clones were identified using electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel by 8 enzymes: PGI, PGM, 6-PGD, MDG, G-6-PGD, ME, ALAT, ASAT--and tested for pathogenic activity on golden hamsters. It has been shown that clones of different Leishmania species are characterized by specific pathogenic activity (L. major, by high and L. sp. nov. and L. gerbilli, by low activity). 9-25% of isolates obtained from R. opimus consisted of L. major-L. sp. nov. clone mixture. The isolates obtained from patients with skin leishmaniasis consisted of L. major clones alone. The rate and nature of changes in Leishmania isolate properties during cultivation in different media and golden hamsters depends on the species clone structure of the isolate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity of two field strains of infectious bursal disease virus.

Using a sentinel bird approach, two field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were isolated from broiler farms in two major broiler-producing areas of the state of Georgia. These farms had a history of subclinical IBD associated with respiratory problems and poor performance. Isolates designated as U-28 and 3212 were isolated using specific-pathogen-free chicken embryos and chicken embryo bursal cells. These isolates were identified by means of agar gel precipitation and virus-neutralization tests, direct immunofluorescence, histopathology, and electron microscopy. Isolates U-28 and 3212 appear to differ in antigenicity and pathogenicity from previously known serotype I IBDV isolates. In evaluating the extent of bursal damage caused by these field isolates, an association was found between the bursa of Fabricius/body weight index, histopathology scoring of atrophy, and morphometric analysis of the total follicle area.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Identification of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains in various clinical material and their antibiotic susceptibility].

In this study 200 E. coli strains were isolated and identified from 95 fecal, 96 urinary and 9 vaginal specimens. The pathogenic species isolated from feces were 61.05% of all identified E. coli strains. This percentage was 26.04% for urinary specimens. The distribution of E. coli serotypes was determined. Mostly E. coli O111 K58 B4 strain was isolated from the pathological materials such as 20% in feces, 12.5% in urine, 11.11% in vaginal secretions. The sex distribution of isolated E. coli strains from urine was 77.08% for female patients and 22.92% male patients. We can say that E. coli species which have been isolated and identified from pathological materials are susceptible to seftriaxon 73.5% and sefotaxime 72.5%, but they have been readily gaining resistance against gentamicin and nalidixic acid. Broad spectrum antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents are widely used in the treatment of E. coli infections. However medical therapy doesn't always produce good result. Because E. coli strains have been gaining resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and antibiotics. So, it is suggested that the most effective antibiotic should be determined by antibiogram and used.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Protected distal aspiration in the identification of pathogenic microorganisms in pneumologic intensive care].

To identify the micro-organisms responsible for bronchopulmonary infections in intensive care patients is an absolute prerequisite to successful treatment. Numerous techniques of specimen collection have been used to facilitate this bacteriological diagnosis. In this study, which involved 27 intensive care patients selected according to various criteria of infection, endotracheal aspiration (a commonly used but not very specific technique) was compared with protected distal brushing under fibroscopy and with protected distal aspiration. The latter method, still seldom used, proved as specific as protected distal brushing (hitherto regarded as the reference method), but it also presents the enormous advantages of being rapid, non-traumatic, devoid of side-effects and easily performed in hospital routine by paramedical staff.

Adult↗