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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Medical diagnostic testing models for multifactorial disease classifications.

In this note we extend the logistic regression receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis framework to diagnosing disease that can be classified in a 2 x 2 factorial setting. Similar to the standard ROC curve analysis these new models accommodate prediction of cross-classifications for treatment success and diagnosis of disease. A didactic example is given for jointly diagnosing malaria positive and respiratory distress in children in Ghana.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2005

Derived release limits for the greek research reactor site based on a diagnostic atmospheric modeling system for irregular terrain.

The upper limits for the rate of release of radionuclides into the atmosphere, i.e., the "derived release limits," are calculated for the Greek Research Reactor (GRR-1) in order to determine possible operational schemes compatible with the effective dose limits for the general population. GRR-1 is located at the northwestern foot of Hymettos Mountain and at the eastern border of the urbanized area of Athens basin. Due to the topographic complexity of the region, the meteorological and atmospheric dispersion calculations were based on a numerical modeling system that is especially designed to work over irregular terrains by using a prismatic unstructured grid. The calculation of derived release limits was made using guidelines and methods that conform to the system of dose limits prescribed by the European radiation protection regulations.

Air Pollutants, Radioactive↗
PubMed1999

Application of a diagnostic clinical model for the management of hospitalized patients with suspected deep-vein thrombosis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the determination of pretest probability using a simple clinical model and the SimpliRED D-dimer could be used to improve the management of hospitalized patients with suspected deep-vein thrombosis. Consecutive hospitalized patients with suspected deep-vein thrombosis, had their pretest probability determined using a clinical model and had a SimpliRED D-dimer assay. Patients at low pretest probability underwent a single ultrasound test. A negative ultrasound excluded the diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis whereas a positive ultrasound was confirmed by venography. Patients at moderate pretest probability with a positive ultrasound were treated for deep-vein thrombosis whereas patients with an initial negative ultrasound underwent a single follow-up ultrasound one week later. Patients at high pretest probability with a positive ultrasound were treated whereas those with negative ultrasound underwent venography. All patients were followed for three months for the development of venous thromboembolic complications. Overall, 28% (42/150), and 10% (5/50), 21% (14/71) and 76% (22/29) of the low, moderate and high pretest probability patients. respectively, had deep vein thrombosis. Two of 111 (1.8%; 95% CI = 0.02% to 6.4%) patients considered to have deep vein thrombosis excluded had events during three-month follow-up. Overall 13 of 150 (8.7%) required venography and serial testing was limited to 58 of 150 (38.7%) patients. The negative predictive value of the SimpliRED D-dimer in patients with low pretest probability was 96.2%, which is not statistically different from the negative predictive value of a negative ultrasound result in low pretest probability patients (97.8%). Management of hospitalized patients with suspected deep-vein thrombosis based on clinical probability and ultrasound of the proximal deep veins is safe and feasible.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1991

Application of a virtual neurode in a model thyroid diagnostic network.

UNLABELLED: Screening laboratory tests for thyroid disease often include serum levels for thyroxine (T4), thyrotropic hormone (TSH), and triiodothyronine resin binding (T3) as a measure of T4 binding to serum. A neural network using the above values as input was unable to converge during training to identify an output diagnoses of six common thyroid functional states. When binding protein (TBG) data were supplied the network readily converged. Since thyroxine binding can be roughly estimated from a relationship between T4 and T3, a virtual input node reflecting the binding was calculated from each T4/T3 input set and used as additional input. With this addition, the system trained easily and accurately diagnosed from the training set. CONCLUSION: 1) Quantitative laboratory data can be used in input neurodes in a diagnostic network 2) Training and diagnostic accuracy for the network is more efficient using the virtual TBG neurode than by either omitting TBG data or using actual TBG values.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1991

[Vertebral collapse model: combined diagnostic imaging].

Ninety-eight consecutive patients with 344 collapsed vertebrae underwent conventional and/or digital radiography and MRI. Vertebral collapse was due to osteopenia (16 cases), trauma (17 cases), and vertebral osteonecrosis (3 cases). Other causes were: spondylodiscitis (9 patients), primary neoplasm (4 patients), metastases (37 patients), and hemomyelopathies (7 patients); 5 patients bore vertebral angiomas. Sixty-three patients also underwent CT and 25 bone scintigraphy. As far as collapsed vertebral endplates are concerned, according to a previous classification, outcomes were divided into 4 groups. Type 1 (focal concave collapse) was observed in 10% of benign lesions and in 1% of malignant ones; type 2 (diffuse concave collapse) in 24% of benign and in 16% of malignant lesions; type 3 (focal collapse with an acute angle) in 11% of benign and malignant lesions, and type 4 (diffuse collapse with an acute angle) in 11% of benign and in 26% of malignant lesions. Neural arch involvement was observed in 3% of benign lesions and in 16% of malignant ones; paravertebral soft-tissue involvement in 6% of benign and in 29% of malignant lesions; vertebral canal involvement in 11% of benign lesions and in 20% of malignant ones. The intervertebral disk proximal to vertebral collapse was more involved in benign lesions (24%) than in malignant ones (8%). MR signal followed 4 main patterns: low signal on T1-weighted images and high signal on proton-density and T2-weighted images (2% of benign lesions, 49% of malignant ones), low signal on all sequences (7% of benign lesions and 25% of malignant ones), isointense signal on all sequences (50% of benign and 21% of malignant lesions), and high signal on all sequences (41% of benign lesions and 0% of malignant ones).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The loose-leaf book of procedures. A regional model for diagnostic and referral routines--a basis for improved cooperation between primary and secondary services].

Initiated by the Telemark branch of the Norwegian Medical Association a loose-leaf book of procedures has been prepared for use in the region of Telemark Central Hospital. The professional advice given in the book is based on an agreement between the chief physicians of the various hospital units, their discussions in the unit, and a group of four general physicians. The advice is only intended as a guide. The editors' idea is to have the book distributed to all G.P.s and hospital units in Telemark. The book is meant to be updated once a year.

Community Health Services↗