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PubMed2026

Integrated electronic nose, GC-MS, and metagenomic analyses reveal volatile flavor and microbial community differences in heap-fermented grains of Jiangxiangxing Baijiu across different fermentation degrees.

The fermentation degree of heap-fermented grains in Jiangxiangxing Baijiu production is a critical factor influencing base Baijiu quality. However, conventional assessment methods largely rely on empirical experience and therefore suffer from limited objectivity and accuracy. In this study, integrated volatile profiling and metagenomic approaches were employed to investigate volatile characteristics and microbial functional potential differentiation in fermented grains with different fermentation degrees (under-fermented, normally fermented, and over-fermented). Significant differences in physicochemical properties were observed among fermentation degrees, particularly in acidity and reducing sugar content. Electronic nose analysis revealed distinct sensor response patterns among different fermentation degrees, indicating differences in overall volatile odor fingerprint patterns. A total of 81 volatile compounds were identified by HS-SPME-GC-MS, with aldehydes, ketones, and pyrazines showing pronounced variations among fermentation degrees, and acetaldehyde exhibiting strong discriminatory potential. LEfSe analysis identified 18 microbial taxa as potential biomarkers associated with different fermentation degrees, including Pichia kudriavzevii, Lentibacillus daiqui, and Acetobacter pasteurianus. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between acetaldehyde levels and Acetobacter abundance. Furthermore, KEGG, CAZy, and eggNOG analyses revealed differentiated functional potentials among fermentation degrees, providing insights into the potential metabolic basis associated with flavor differentiation. Overall, these findings highlight that fermentation degree differentiation is closely associated with coordinated changes in physicochemical conditions, microbial communities, and functional potentials, providing ecological insights into flavor differentiation and theoretical support for objective fermentation degree evaluation and quality control of Jiangxiangxing Baijiu production.

Fermentation↗

PubMed2026

The utility of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography in relapsing polychondritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare chronic autoimmune inflammation of the cartilage associated with life-threatening respiratory complications. Currently, no clear role of imaging modalities such as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) is defined in the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide current evidence on the PET-positivity rate and utility in relapsing polychondritis. Prospective or retrospective studies with more than five patients of suspected relapsing polychondritis who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT during their management and reported a PET-positivity rate were included. Low-sample-size studies describing chondritis due to other aetiologies or utilizing PET-based radiopharmaceuticals other than FDG were excluded. A systematic search using relevant keywords was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science) to include studies up to 25 April 2025. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used for risk-of-bias analysis. Data were analysed using the R software package (v4.3.1; 2023). Out of 962 articles, three with a total of 97 patients were included. With a pooled PET-positivity rate of 94% [95% confidence interval (CI): 73-99%, I2 = 0%, P = 0.76] and a pooled baseline SUVmax of 4.0 (95% CI: 3.5-4.6, I2 = 32%, P = 0.23), 18F-FDG PET identified asymptomatic cartilage involvement in more than 25% patients and PET parameters correlated well with inflammatory markers. It had a higher positivity rate for inaccessible sites, such as peripheral airways, and was crucial in treatment monitoring. The pooled PET-positivity rate of 18F-FDG PET in relapsing polychondritis is high but requires prospective large-sample-size studies to explore the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic implications of 18F-FDG PET in relapsing polychondritis.

Polychondritis, Relapsing↗

PubMed2026

Intramuscular Fat Infiltration and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Intramuscular fat infiltration (IMFI) is considered to be closely associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA); however, its overall association, muscle-specific involvement, and clinical relevance remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the association between IMFI and KOA, identify affected muscle groups, and evaluate prognostic value. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase up to December 2025 for observational studies. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed bias (NOS/JBI). Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effects models, with subgroup and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. IMFI was significantly higher in KOA patients than controls (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI 0.41-0.85, I2 = 84.7%). Anatomically, the anterior thigh muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis) demonstrated a significant pooled effect (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI 0.66-1.25, I2 = 3.2%) and showed the strongest pooled association, whereas posterior, medial, and composite measures did not demonstrate significant associations. At the individual muscle level, a single study reported a notable association for the semimembranosus (SMD = 1.25, 95% CI 0.57-1.93); however, this finding is based on limited evidence and requires confirmation in future studies. Subgroup by imaging modality: CT demonstrated a significant association (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI 0.28-0.90), while MRI and ultrasound did not show significant associations. Elevated IMFI was also associated with reduced muscle strength, higher KOA incidence, structural progression, and increased knee replacement risk. CONCLUSION: A moderate positive association exists between IMFI and KOA, with notable muscle-specific heterogeneity. Anterior thigh muscles show the strongest pooled association, whereas individual muscle findings require further confirmation. These findings suggest that IMFI may represent a promising potential marker warranting further prospective investigation for risk stratification, though causality and its role in modifying disease progression remain to be established.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Five-year outcomes in a randomised controlled trial of prolonged exposure therapy and supportive counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents: a task-shifted intervention.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive-behavioural therapies with a trauma focus are effective in reducing posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychological distress in adolescents. Long-term follow-up data on adolescents treated for PTSD remain scarce, with few studies extending beyond 12 months after treatment completion. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the maintenance of treatment gains in a comparative study of effectiveness of PE-A and SC up to 60 months post-treatment. METHOD: Sixty-three adolescents diagnosed with PTSD were randomly assigned to either treatment, provided by newly trained and supervised non-specialist health workers. The primary outcome measure was PTSD symptom severity, as independently assessed on the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS). We report on the 60-month post-treatment follow-up, building on post-treatment, 3-month, 6-month, 12-month and 24-month post-treatment data that have been published previously. RESULTS: Participants in both treatment groups maintained a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms up to 60-months post-treatment (F (7, 343) = 2.86, p < .01). Participants receiving prolonged exposure experienced greater improvement on the CPSS at all follow-up assessment timepoints, except for the 60-month FU (p = .28; g = 0.33). CONCLUSION: Adolescents with PTSD continued to maintain treatment gains up to 60-months post-treatment. These data, along with findings from the original RCT, indicate that a brief treatment protocol (averaging 9 sessions of PE-A or SC) in a LMIC, task-shifted to be delivered by nurses without prior psychotherapy experience, led to lasting improvements in PTSD and comorbid symptoms for up to five years. The sustained benefits and improved functioning over the first few years post-treatment support expanding both treatments, especially PE-A, in community settings.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Effectiveness of Platelet Rich Plasma in Reducing Oronasal Fistula and Scar Width in Primary Cleft Lip and Palate Repair-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review aimed to investigate platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) efficiency in reducing oronasal fistula during primary cleft lip and palate repair. An extensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Global Index Medics (WHO), PubMed Scopus, Cochrane Central, Proquest was performed up to march 2025. Eligible studies included prospective RCTs and non-randomized controlled trials in human subjects. Patients aged 6-24 months undergoing primary cleft lip and palate repair were involved. Interventions involved intraoperative use of PRP/PRF compared with controls without PRP/PRF. The primary outcome was occurrence of oronasal fistula; secondary outcomes were scar width, wound infection and postoperative bleeding with wound dehiscence. Study selection followed PRISMA guidelines, and the risk of bias was determined with the ROB-2 and ROBINS-I method of assessment. Seven studies met the required criterion and were qualitatively synthesized. Evidence suggested that PRP/PRF application was associated with a lower incidence of oronasal fistula and reduced scar width compared with controls. Additional benefits included accelerated wound healing and faster recovery. The use of autologous PRP was also reported to decrease the need for further surgical interventions. However, the certainty of evidence was limited due to small sample sizes and methodological heterogeneity. PRP and PRF show promising benefits in cleft lip and palate repair, particularly decreased fistula formation and reduced scar width. Nevertheless, current evidence is of low to very low certainty. Larger, well-designed randomized trials are required to validate the results obtained. Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD420251032421.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Factors Impacting Overall Survival Post-Relapse in High-Risk Neuroblastoma: Children's Oncology Group Outcomes From 2000 to 2019.

PURPOSE: Prior studies of features impacting post-relapse survival in high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) evaluated patient cohorts that did not receive contemporary high-risk or relapse therapies. We describe overall survival (OS) after first progression or first relapse of HRNB in a modern cohort. METHODS: Patients with HRNB enrolled on COG ANBL00B1(NCT00904241) between 2000 and 2019, who had relapsed or progressive disease were eligible. Clinical and molecular risk factors at diagnosis, therapy era, clinical trial enrollment, and clinical features at relapse, including site of and time to relapse, were evaluated. OS post-relapse was compared between groups using log-rank tests and Cox models. RESULTS: Among 4253 eligible HRNB patients, 1616 had relapse or progression as a first event. Five-year OS post-relapse was 19.1 ± 1.1%. The risk group with the lowest post-relapse survival was observed in patients with INSS Stage 4 or 4S disease < 18 months of age at diagnosis with MYCN amplified (MYCN-A) tumors. The other significant most unfavorable factors at diagnosis included diagnosis 2000-2004, tumor MYCN-A, 1p loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and elevated LDH or ferritin. Unfavorable factors at relapse included the time to relapse < 36 months from diagnosis, and combined local and metastatic disease at relapse. Multivariable analysis indicated that those with tumors harboring 1p LOH, age ≤ 5 years at diagnosis, or earlier treatment therapy era (2000-2004) had a higher risk of post-relapse death. CONCLUSIONS: While the 5-year OS rate was low in this cohort, there are subsets of patients with relapsed HRNB who demonstrate long-term survival. TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00904241.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Integrated phytochemical and bioactivity profiling of Xanthium strumarium fruits from Korea and China: Implications for origin-specific quality specification.

BACKGROUND: Geographic origin influences the phytochemical composition and biological activities of medicinal plant resources. Xanthium strumarium L. (XS) fruit is widely used in East Asian traditional medicine. However, current pharmacopeial standards primarily recognize Chinese-derived material, despite the availability and traditional use of XS in Korea. To address this gap and support origin-informed quality specification, we compared fruits from Korea (XS-K) and China (XS-C) using chloroplast genome sequencing, targeted phytochemical profiling (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for selected phenolics and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for fatty acids and phytosterols, and multivariate chemometric analysis. RESULTS: Chloroplast genome analysis revealed high overall similarity but localized divergence around the rpoC2 locus and a greater mutation burden in XS-C, supporting origin-associated genomic differentiation. Phytochemical profiling revealed distinct origin-dependent metabolic signatures. XS-K showed higher levels of phytosterols, chlorogenic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-DCQ), and xanthatin was detected only in XS-K, whereas XS-C exhibited greater abundance of total fatty acids, particularly oleic acid. Unsupervised clustering and log2 fold-change ranking confirmed clear compositional separation, and variable importance in projection (VIP) analysis identified chlorogenic acid, β-sitosterol, oleic acid, 4,5-DCQ, and xanthatin as major discriminators between origins. Bioactivity assays demonstrated that XS-K exerted stronger antioxidant effects in ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays, stronger skin-related enzyme inhibition, and greater antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, consistent with its enriched phenolic and sterol profile. CONCLUSION: Together, chloroplast sequence variation, targeted metabolite quantification, and screening bioassays consistently distinguished XS-K from XS-C. These findings support the use of candidate markers for the origin-based authentication and quality control of XS fruit-derived ingredients. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Fruit↗

PubMed2026

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Bio-Similarity of ADL-018 to Innovator Omalizumab: A Randomized Study in Healthy Adults.

Bioequivalence and safety of ADL-018, an omalizumab biosimilar, were compared with United States-licensed omalizumab (US-OMA) and European Union-approved omalizumab (EU-OMA), both approved for allergies. Healthy adults were randomized (1:1:1) to receive a dose of ADL-018, US-OMA, or EU-OMA (150 mg/mL). Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, including AUC(0-last), AUC(0-∞), and Cmax, were considered equivalent if 90% CIs of geometric mean ratios (GMRs) were within predefined equivalence margin (0.80-1.25) using ANCOVA model. Other PK parameters, pharmacodynamics (PD) (free/total immunoglobulin E [IgE]), immunogenicity, and safety were compared. Overall, 306 participants (n = 102 per arm) were dosed; 287 completed the study. Equivalence of primary PK parameters was confirmed for pairwise comparisons, with 90% CIs within the predefined margin (GMRs of ADL-018 vs US-OMA: AUC(0-last)-1.08, AUC(0-∞)-1.07, Cmax-1.05; GMRs of ADL-018 vs EU-OMA: AUC(0-last)-1.06, AUC(0-∞)-1.06, Cmax - 1.05; and GMRs of US-OMA vs EU-OMA: AUC(0-last)-0.99, AUC(0-∞)-0.99, Cmax-1.00). PK/PD parameters were comparable across arms. Increase in total IgE (AUEC ∼30,000 to 35,000 h IU/mL) and decrease in free IgE (AUEC ∼29,000 to 35,000 h IU/mL) were comparable across arms. Similar incidence of adverse events across arms (treatment-emergent adverse events: ADL-018, n = 6; US-OMA, n = 5; EU-OMA, n = 4) was observed. ADL-018 demonstrated PK/PD equivalence and comparable safety profile to reference omalizumab.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Low Carbohydrate Availability in Energy Balance Alters Bone Turnover and Muscle Proteomic Response With Limited Endocrine Disruption.

Training with low carbohydrate availability (LCA) has been proposed as an independent determinant of physiological perturbations commonly attributed to low energy availability (LEA) and to increase skeletal muscle oxidative machinery, yet the effects of LCA in isolation from LEA remain unclear. We examined whether short-term carbohydrate restriction under energy balance alters endocrine and metabolic markers associated with LEA and skeletal muscle proteomic response. In a randomized crossover design, eight trained males completed 4 days of either a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet (LOW; 12% carbohydrate, 69% fat, 19% protein) or a normal-carbohydrate diet (NORM; 62% carbohydrate, 19% fat, 19% protein), while undertaking daily cycloergometer exercise (15 kcal kg FFM-1 day-1) and maintaining energy availability at 45 kcal kg FFM-1 day-1. LOW induced a clear metabolic shift consistent with LCA, evidenced by elevated circulating free fatty acids, glycerol and β-hydroxybutyrate, in fasting conditions and fat oxidation at rest and during exercise, alongside reduced exercise glucose concentrations. Despite these responses, LOW did not alter insulin, testosterone, triiodothyronine, leptin, hepcidin, or P1NP. In contrast, β-CTX increased and IGF-1 decreased relative to NORM. Muscle glycogen concentration decreased only in LOW (40% ± 14%). Proteomic analysis identified 671 proteins; 57 differentially expressed in LOW relative to NORM were limited to fatty acid metabolism pathways and suppression of ribosomal, sarcomeric, and extracellular matrix proteins. These findings indicate that isolated LCA exerts limited endocrine disruption but may selectively compromise bone turnover and muscle anabolic response, suggesting that without acute LEA, LCA has limited influence on muscle oxidative phenotype.

Male↗

PubMed2026

Efficacy and Safety of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation in Invasively Ventilated Critically Ill Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) is increasingly used in invasively ventilated adults in the intensive care unit (ICU), yet its therapeutic efficacy and safety remain uncertain due to inconsistent evidence. AIM: To synthesize evidence on the clinical efficacy and safety of MI-E in this population and to examine methodological and clinical heterogeneity underlying reported outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies (including RCTs and randomized crossover trials), conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with risk of bias assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials involving 310 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) significantly increased sputum clearance (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI, 0.32-0.93; p < 0.00011; I2 = 38%) without affecting oxygenation (MD = 0.28, 95% CI, -0.53 to 1.09; p = 0.50; I2 = 9%). Data on respiratory mechanics, ventilation duration and ICU stay could not be pooled. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: MI-E significantly improves sputum clearance in invasively ventilated critically ill adults, with no severe adverse events reported in the included studies. Its effects on other outcomes remain inconclusive due to limited data and heterogeneity. Standardized protocols and larger trials are needed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Clinicians may consider MI-E as an adjunct for respiratory secretion management. Application should be guided by structured patient assessment and individualized parameter adjustment. Future research should standardize interventions and target well-defined patient subgroups to inform clear practice guidelines. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, with registration number CRD42023403299.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Differences in Radiological Risk Perceptions Following Online and In-Person Workshops.

Nuclear energy is widely regarded as a critical part of the pathway toward a secure, low-carbon electricity grid, yet long-term management of used nuclear fuel remains a persistent challenge. Although technically viable options for interim and consolidated storage exist, public concern and community opposition - rooted in historical distrust and risk perception - continue to complicate siting decisions. In response, recent federal efforts have emphasized collaboration-based approaches and community engagement, though empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different engagement strategies remains limited. This study examines how the structure and delivery of community engagement influence changes in public attitudes toward hosting interim used nuclear fuel storage facilities. Using survey data from 13 educational workshops around the United States, we evaluate: (1) the inclusion of trust-building content prior to technical content, and (2) engagement format, comparing online and in-person workshops. Analyses focus on participant changes in perceptions of safety, risk, and support for hosting, using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and other non-parametric hypothesis tests on surveys conducted before and after workshops. Results indicate that workshop participation is associated with some measurable attitude changes, with significant (p < 0.05) differences in response variability for some questions across workshop formats. In particular, when comparing nuclear energy to other clean energy sources, in-person workshop participants are substantially more likely to gain a more favorable opinion of nuclear energy than online participants. These findings contribute empirical evidence on how trust-building and delivery mode shape outcomes in public engagement on complex and contested energy policy issues such as storage of used nuclear fuel.

nuclear fuel cycle↗

PubMed2026

AI Health message intervention: The role of message customization and message source in breast cancer screening among women of color.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the effectiveness of breast cancer screening messages with varying levels of customization (generic, targeted, and tailored) and to compare AI-generated versus human-generated messages. METHODS: A between-subjects experimental design with a control condition was employed. Message content followed a standardized structure and varied by level of customization: generic, targeted (demographic-based), and tailored (perceived susceptibility- and barrier-based). Messages were developed by either the authors or GenAI (ChatGPT-4o). A total of 391 participants recruited via Prolific were randomly assigned to five groups (generic, targeted-human, targeted-AI, tailored-human, and tailored-AI). Self-efficacy, behavioral intentions, attitudes, and message believability were measured using different scales. RESULTS: Customized (tailoring and targeting) health messages performed comparably to generic messages in shaping positive health outcomes. GenAI-generated messages also produced outcomes comparable to those of human-generated messages under standardized conditions. Significant negative indirect effects through message believability for the human-tailored condition was found relative to the generic condition. CONCLUSIONS: GenAI may be a useful tool for developing and customizing scalable health messages. Its effectiveness depends not only on customization but also on maintaining message quality, including readability, clarity, coherence, naturalness, and credibility. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: GenAI may support health practitioners in developing customized and scalable breast cancer messages. However, professional review remains necessary to ensure that the message is culturally appropriate, responsive to patient concerns, and suitable for use alongside patient-provider communication.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Novel Germline ELP1 Splice-Acceptor Variant in NF1-Negative Optic Pathway Glioma: Expanding the Clinical Spectrum Associated With ELP1 Variation.

We report a 7-year-old boy with NF1-negative optic pathway glioma harboring a novel germline ELP1 splice-acceptor variant (NM_003640.5:c.2205-2A>G) identified by whole-exome sequencing. The variant was likely pathogenic (ACMG/AMP: PVS1, PM2) and inherited from an asymptomatic father, consistent with incomplete penetrance, expanding the limited evidence linking germline ELP1 variation to gliomas.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Antibiotic Self-Medication and Public Awareness During the 2023 Gaza War: A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is driven by inappropriate antibiotic use, particularly self-medication. The 2023 Gaza War disrupted healthcare services, increasing resistant infections and reliance on self-treatment practices. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of antibiotic self-medication and assess public awareness during the 2023 Gaza War. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and October 2025 among adults residing in the Gaza Strip during the 2023 Gaza War. A multistage non-probability recruitment strategy, organized across predefined governorate and residential-setting strata, was used to recruit 422 participants from primary healthcare centers, community pharmacies, and displacement shelters. The questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.857). Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant institutional review board, and informed consent was secured from all participants. RESULTS: The overall KAP score was moderate (67.46%), with attitudes scoring highest (74.62%), followed by knowledge (66.23%) and practices (61.52%). Reported antibiotic self-medication increased from 60.4% before the war to 80.6% during the war (p < 0.001), with significant changes in reasons for self-medication and antibiotic procurement sources. The mean antimicrobial-resistance perception score was 82.19 ± 11.10%, and knowledge was strongly correlated with the total KAP score (r = 0.836, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Reported antibiotic self-medication was markedly higher during the 2023 Gaza War despite moderate public awareness, highlighting the urgent need for education, antibiotic stewardship, and improved healthcare accessibility.

Gaza War 2023↗

PubMed2025

Mediators of Change in Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based Online-Interventions for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Dysfunction in Women.

Low sexual desire is a common sexual problem among women. When it is accompanied by significant personal distress, it may be diagnosed as hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction (HSDD). Both cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) are effective treatments for HSDD when delivered in person or online. In this randomized controlled treatment study, CBT and MBT consisted of eight guided self-help modules delivered online, and participants completed measures at pretreatment and after 3, 6, and 12 months. Nine variables were examined as potential mediators of treatment outcomes (i.e., sexual desire and sexual distress), namely mindfulness, self-compassion, rumination, body connection, self-consciousness, relationship satisfaction, sexual communication, depression, and anxiety. In total, 212 women diagnosed with HSDD were randomized to either CBT or MBT (Mage = 36.3, SD = 10.2). Improvements in self-compassion, rumination, body connection, and self-consciousness partially mediated treatment outcomes in at least one of the treatment groups. Mediation effects were mostly small, explaining up to 15% of the total effects. No systematic differences in mediation pathways between CBT and MBT were found. These findings emphasize the importance of emotion regulation, metacognitive processes, and embodiment for the effective treatment of HSDD. Future research should refine treatment components to enhance efficacy and ensure that psychological interventions adequately address common concerns among women with HSDD.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Hypoglycaemia Was Not Associated With Depression, Anxiety, Diabetes Distress or Fear of Hypoglycaemia Scores in People With Type 1 or Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes in the Hypo-METRICS Study.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Letter↗

PubMed2026

Associations Between Short Video Exposure, Empathy and Attitudes Toward End-Of-Life Care Among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

AIM: This cross-sectional study examined the associations between short video exposure, nursing students' empathy, and attitudes toward end-of-life (EOL) care, and tested whether perceived impact is statistically consistent with an indirect pathway in these relationships. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS: In total, 534 undergraduate nursing students were included. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire, including the Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Student version for empathy assessment. Statistical analysis for correlation and mediation analysis (PROCESS macro) was performed. RESULTS: 85.96% of students watch short videos for more than 30 min daily, with more than 60% of them viewing EOL-related content. Students with prior caregiving experience or formal palliative care education showed significantly higher empathy and more positive attitudes (p < 0.05). Exposure to medical and EOL-related short videos was positively correlated with perceived impact, empathy, and positive EOL attitudes, with effect sizes ranging from very weak to modest (r = 0.10 to 0.27). The data were consistent with an indirect pathway between short video exposure and empathy via perceived impact (indirect effect = 0.04; 95% bootstrap CI [0.01, 0.08]). However, for EOL attitudes, short video exposure showed a direct association rather than an indirect pathway via perceived impact (direct effect = 0.09, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In this cross-sectional study, short video exposure was modestly associated with nursing students' empathy, with data consistent with an indirect pathway via perceived impact; the observed associations explained only approximately 1% to 7% of the variance in the outcome variables. However, reshaping EOL attitudes may require more systematic education beyond brief video exposure. These findings are hypothesis-generating and await validation through longitudinal and experimental research using standardized video content. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nursing educators should consider integrating curated short video content into palliative care curricula to enhance students' empathy and perceived impact of end-of-life education. However, brief video exposure alone may be insufficient to reshape deeper end-of-life attitudes, suggesting the need for comprehensive, multi-modal educational strategies.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Application of Three-Dimensionally Printed Surgical Guides in Precise Sacral Tumor Excision and Defect Reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: Precise resection of sacral tumors remains technically demanding due to their deep anatomical location and close proximity to critical neurovascular structures. Conventional freehand techniques often result in suboptimal resection margins, excessive blood loss, and compromised lumbopelvic stability. This study evaluated whether patient-specific three-dimensional (3D)-printed guiding templates improve surgical accuracy and perioperative outcomes in sacral tumor resection and reconstruction. METHODS: Nineteen patients undergoing en bloc sacral tumor resection (S1-S3 involvement) with spinopelvic reconstruction (2006-2020) were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a 3D-printing group (n = 10) and a conventional freehand group (n = 9). In the 3D-printing group, computer-aided design and 3D-printed templates were used for osteotomy, screw placement, and defect reconstruction. Perioperative metrics, surgical accuracy, and complications were compared between groups using Welch's t-test and the Hodges-Lehmann method; oncologic events during follow-up were recorded descriptively. RESULTS: The 3D-printing group demonstrated significantly shorter operative time (456.5 ± 62.36 vs. 574.44 ± 114.58 min, p = 0.012), reduced blood loss (4081.40 ± 838.99 vs. 5090.0 ± 1059.67 mL, p = 0.034), and fewer fluoroscopic exposures (4.2 ± 0.79 vs. 10.0 ± 1.58, p < 0.001) compared with the conventional group. Osteotomy accuracy was also superior in the 3D-printing group, with significantly lower angular deviation (3.33° ± 0.45° vs. 6.79° ± 2.16°, p = 0.0012). Postoperative complication rates were comparable (30% vs. 44.4%, p = 0.649), but hospital stay was significantly shorter in the 3D-printing group (10.7 ± 2.71 vs. 18.11 ± 4.01 days, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Patient-specific 3D-printed guiding templates enhance precision in sacral tumor excision and reconstruction, improving surgical efficiency and perioperative safety. This computer-assisted, template-guided approach represents a valuable advancement for complex sacral oncologic surgery.

Humans↗

Results for “community&#x2010;based treatment setting”

Results for “community‐based treatment setting”