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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Mortality experience of Vermont granite workers.

The proportional mortality experience (1952-1978) of 969 deceased white male granite workers was compared with that of United States white males. Industrial hygiene information was combined with work histories to develop an estimate of lifetime granite dust exposure for each individual. Subjects were grouped into four cumulative exposure categories, and exposure-response relationships were examined. Trends of increasing silicosis and tuberculosis with increasing lifetime exposure were observed. These are consistent with earlier findings. With the exception of excess suicide among granite workers dying before 1970, there was little evidence of association between other causes of death and employment in the granite industry.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Application of the WHO alert level framework to cyanobacterial monitoring of Lake Champlain, Vermont.

The increasing incidence of toxic cyanobacteria blooms worldwide has created a need for practical and efficient monitoring in order to protect public health. We developed a monitoring and alert framework based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and applied it on Lake Champlain during the summers of 2002-2004. The protocol began with collection of net samples of phytoplankton in order to maximize the chance of finding potential toxin-producing cyanobacteria. Samples were collected lake-wide in partnership with ongoing monitoring efforts, but because open water sample sites did not capture conditions along the shoreline, we added near-shore and shoreline stations in problem areas. Samples were examined qualitatively until potential toxin-producing taxa were found. Then quantitative analyses began, using a rapid screening method to estimate cell density based on colony size. A final cell density of 4000 cells/mL triggered toxin analyses. Primary analysis was for microcystins using ELISA methods. Cell densities, locations of colonies, and toxin concentrations were reported weekly to public health officials. We found that screening for potential toxin-producing cyanobacteria and then measuring toxin concentrations when cell densities reached critical levels worked well to identify problem locations. Although the WHO recommends using chlorophyll a concentration, it was not a good indicator of problem densities of potential toxin-producing cyanobacteria. Our cell density screening method missed no developing blooms but produced less precise density estimates at high cell counts. Overall, our framework appears to provide an efficient and effective method for monitoring cyanotoxin risks.

Bacterial Toxins↗