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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Differences in age and sex distributions among patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The records of a group of 337 adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma seen at the Stanford University Medical Center, Division of Oncology were examined for relationships between stage and histopathological classification and simple demographic characteristics. Patients with Stages I and II of disease and diffuse varieties of lymphoma were found to be younger than patients in other categories. An excess of male patients was noted particularly in younger patients with diffuse lymphoma and Stages I and II of disease. Male patients with Stages I and II disease were noted to be bimodally distributed with respect to age, with peak number of patients in the fourth and sixth decades. This was particularly apparent among patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Age and sex distribution of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes by agarose electrophoresis.

We separated isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP; EC 3.1.3.1) in 1383 sera of normal individuals (ages 4-65 years) by agarose electrophoresis with the Isopal system (Analis). As expected, the predominant isoenzyme in children was of bone origin, and almost all (99%) of the children had low activities of a second bone fraction, "bone variant" ALP. The "bone variant" disappeared after age 17 in girls and after age 20 in boys. The highest (median) bone ALP activity was reached at age 9 to 10 in girls and at age 13 to 14 in boys, followed by a gradual decline in girls and a steep decline in boys. During adulthood, activity of the bone fraction was constant and no significant differences were observed between sexes, neither for bone nor for liver ALP activity. The latter remained almost unchanged throughout life. We observed no high-Mr ALP activity in children, whereas sera from 60% of the adults contained low activities of high-Mr ALP. Intestinal ALP (soluble form) and "intestinal variant" ALP (hydrophobic form) were frequently present, in 21% and 37% of all samples, respectively. No significant differences were observed between age groups and sexes for the intestinal isoenzymes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Atopy and primary lung cancer. Histology and sex distribution.

Atopy, defined as the ability to develop IgE antibodies to commonly encountered allergens under conditions of normal exposure, has an inherited component with pleiotropic effects. An inverse relationship between the occurrence of atopy, allergy-related diseases, and cancers at specific sites has been reported. The familial association of primary lung cancer is most evident among women, nonsmokers, and those with adenocarcinomas. In order to determine whether the relationship between a lower prevalence of atopy among patients with lung cancer compared to control subjects was consistent between histologic cell types, we used seven common allergens to allergy prick skin test 209 community control subjects (46 women), 109 cases with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (25 women), and 67 patients with primary adenocarcinomas of the lung (23 women). We have confirmed earlier reports of an inverse relationship between atopy and lung cancer risk. In analyses focusing on sex and histologic cell type, we found that women with adenocarcinomas were an exception and were as likely to be atopic as control subjects. The evidence does not support a protective role for atopy among these women.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Incidence and sex distribution of proximal femoral fractures in children and adolescents.

During the period 1909-1981, proximal femoral fractures were treated in 2632 adults and 74 children and adolescents in the age group of 0-18 years. The incidence of these fractures in children and adolescents in relation to that in adults is higher than so far indicated in the literature, and in this series amounts to 1:36. Proximal femoral fractures show a male predominance in children and adolescents, and the age of predilection is 11-18 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Histology, age and sex distribution, and pathologic correlations of Hodgkin's disease: a study of 184 cases observed in Rome, Italy.

The Rye classification has been applied to 184 cases of Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in one of the largest hospitals of Rome, Italy, over a period of three years. Mixed cellularity was the most common histologic type. Nodular sclerosis had an intermediate frequency, while lymphocyte predominance and lymphocyte depletion showed the lowest incidence. There was a male predominance in almost all age groups, reflecting a total male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The most frequent sites of primary involvement were cervical, supraclavicular, and axillary nodes, while mediastinal nodes were found primarily involved in a limited number of cases. Incidence, results, and anatomic distribution of lesions were evaluated in 120 untreated patients who underwent staging procedures. A correlation was found between increasing histologic malignancy and abdominal spread of the disease. The most common form of abdominal disease was the simultaneous involvement of two or more tissues, and the association most frequently observed was that of lymph nodes and the spleen. Separate infiltration of the liver was rare, while involvement of bone marrow only was never observed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

The sex distribution of children in care.

It is shown that there is a substantial and sustained disparity, both on a national and on a regional basis, between the numbers of males and the numbers of females in care. The disparity is analysed by examining the reasons for entering care, and the legal status of those in care. It is shown that in the aggregate the disparity is caused by imbalances in admissions, particularly in certain key legal and administrative categories. The phenomenon is also shown to have both geographical and accommodation dimensions, and some conjectures for its behavioural origins are offered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Age at onset, precipitating events, sex distribution, and co-occurrence of anxiety disorders.

178 outpatients were administered to a structured interview evaluating diagnostic, illness history, and sociodemographic data of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders. Patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia were a more severely ill subgroup than patients with panic disorder without agoraphobia. Simple and social phobia had the earliest age at onset, panic disorder the latest age at onset. Conjugal stress was the most frequent event preceding the onset of the anxiety disorders. Female patients showed more severe impairment suffering more frequently from concomitant phobic avoidance, generalized anxiety, and depression compared to male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Age and sex distribution of infections with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis in the Lagos population.

Stool samples were collected from 2,099 persons and examined for parasites: 9.5 percent were infected with Entamoeba histolytica, 7.9 percent were infected with Giardia intestinalis and 15.5 percent were infected with Iodamoeba butschlii. The infections with E. histolytica and I. butschlii occurred more frequently in females than in males and adults were also more frequently infected than children. Infection with G. intestinalis, on the other hand, was more prevalent in males than in females and children were more frequently infected than adults with the highest incidence of infection (13.8 percent) in the age-group 1-5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age and sex distribution of DSM-III personality cluster traits in a community population.

DSM-III pathological personality cluster traits were measured on a community sample of 235 people. Traits in the schizoid cluster (schizoid, schizotypal, and paranoid) showed no change with age while traits in the dramatic cluster (antisocial, narcissistic, borderline, and histrionic) and to some extent the anxious cluster (avoidant, dependent, compulsive, and passive/aggressive) showed similar significant associations with age. This pattern was a reverse "J" shaped curve, with mean number of traits declining from younger to older groups and a slight upturn in the oldest age group (60 years plus). Women aged 31 to 40 years had a higher mean number of traits than their male counterparts, with a corresponding increase in impairment. The highest levels of personality traits in men were found at ages 18 to 30, while in women the 31 to 40 year group was highest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Structural disorders of the human tracheal mucosa: incidence, sex distribution and topography].

The trachea in 148 patients investigated with respect to incidence and topographic properties of squamous metaplasia, basal-cell hyperplasia, and goblet-cell hyperplasia (randomized study including 88 men and 60 women). Each trachea was examined histologically at 41 defined locations. In men, the percentage of squamous metaplasia is 9.6%, of basal-cell hyperplasia 14.9%, and of goblet-cell hyperplasia 7.1% (all locations concerned without regard to topography). In women, the corresponding figures are only 4.2% (squamous metaplasia), 9.5% (basal-cell hyperplasia), and 3.9% (goblet-cell hyperplasia). The topographic centers of textural changes of the tracheal mucosa in both men and women are the same. The site of predilection of goblet-cell hyperplasia is the lower and the middle third of the trachea. The preferential areas of squamous metaplasia are the upper and the lower third of the trachea. Basal-cell hyperplasia is mostly seen in the upper third of the trachea close to the cricoid, as well as in the entire anterior and posterior walls of the remaining parts of the trachea.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Age at onset, sex distribution and HLA antigen frequency in patients with primary glomerulonephritis progressing to terminal uraemia. An epidemiological survey.

In a retrospective study of 138 HLA-typed patients with primary glomerulonephritis progressing to terminal uraemia, a bimodal curve of age at onset of disease was observed among males. An initial peak occurred between 16 and 25 years of age, and a second peak between the ages of 46 and 55. The prevalence of HLA B40 was found to be high among males in the first group, and a relationship was found to exist between the presence of HLA B40 and increased titres of ASO (antistreptolysin O). No such findings were made either in the second group of males or in the female group. Among females, a single peak for age of onset occurred between 6 and 15 years. The frequency of HLA B40 did not differ significantly from that of the controls. The results of this study suggest a relationship to exist, predominantly in younger males, between primary glomerulonephritis with fatal outcome and HLA B40-related alterations in the immunological response to beta-streptococcal infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Malignant neoplasms of the pancreas. A study based on autopsy data from 1953 to 1982 in Bialystok, Poland. I. Frequency, age and sex distribution.

Among 18 751 autopsies in persons over 20 years of age 195 primary malignant neoplasms of pancreas (MNP) were stated (117 in males, 78 in females; the ratio being 1.5 : 1). In the period of the investigation (1953--1982) MNP comprised 1.0% of all autopsies, 4.1% of all malignant neoplasms (MN), and 11.0% of MN of alimentary system (MNAS). The frequency of MNP in all autopsies was from 0.5% during the years 1953--1957 to 1.2% in 1978--1982, in all MN from 2.7% to 4.5%, and in all MNAS from 5.7% to 12.7%, respectively. MNP were observed most frequently at the age of 61--70. The mean age was 63.6 and was higher in females than in males (66.3 and 61.8, respectively), and increased in the period under study from 54.6 to 65.6 (in males from 50.8 to 64.8, in females from 59.3 to 66.8). The significant increase in the incidence of MNP in the population of patients who died in all hospitals in Bialystok (the north-eastern Poland) between 1953--1982 and were autopsied in our Department correlates with data indicating the rise in the incidence of MNP in many countries of the world.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Naturally arising tumors of the inbred WAB/Not rat strain. I. Classification, age and sex distribution, and transplantation behavior.

During a 3-year period, 97 naturally arising tumors were collected from an inbred colony of WAB/Not rats. These tumors were largely confined to the breeding groups of approximately 5,300 female and 2,700 male rats retained up to 2 years of age. The tumors included 39 nephroblastomas and 41 mammary tumors (24 of which were histologically benign); the remaining tumors were mainly connective tissue sarcomas and skin tumors with 1 lymphoma and 2 gastrointestinal lesions. With the exception of the incidence of mammary tumors, males and females had similar tumor incidence, although nephroblastomas in female rats had a marked preference for growth in the left kidney. Most tumors occurred in the first year of life, especially the histologically malignant mammary tumors and the nephroblastomas. Of the tumors investigated, 31 were transplantable. Poor correlation between histologic malignancy and transplantation was seen with the mammary tumors. Only 50% of the nephroblastomas were transplantable. Although most transplanted tumors retained histologic characteristics of the primary tumor, 1 mammary tumor, 1 gastrointestinal tumor, and 1 nephroblastoma deviated from this general finding. In the case of this nephroblastoma, separate transplant lines from opposite poles of the primary tumor also showed differences in histology.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Hospital admissions for acute cholecystitis: changes in the age and sex distribution in Oxford in the post-war period.

Admissions for acute cholecystitis to the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, during the period 1974-1978 have been reviewed and compared with figures previously published for the period 1953-1962 (1). There was a small overall increase in the annual rate of female admissions for acute cholecystitis between the two periods and this increase can be accounted for by population changes in all age groups above the age of 40 years. However, there was a significant increase in the admission rate of women under the age of 40 which could not be accounted for by changes in population alone. This apparent increase in acute gallbladder disease in young women coincides with the growth between 1960 and 1970 of the number of women taking oral contraceptives, and is further evidence of a causal relationship between the use of the contraceptive pill and the development of gallstones. Women taking oral contraceptive steroids had a higher rate of common bile duct exploration and of sphincteroplasty than did those not taking oral contraceptives. The annual rate of male admissions almost doubled between the two periods and this increase cannot be accounted for by population changes. There has also been a virtual disappearance of acute cholecystitis in children over the same time.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Portal vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: age and sex distribution in an autopsy study.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the prevalence, associated features and effect on survival of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) complicating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The autopsy data of a series of 72 consecutive patients (57 male, 15 female) with HCC were reviewed. PVT was found in 32/72 patients (44%), and tended to be more common in female patients (10/15 versus 22/57, P = 0.052). Stratifying the data according to gender, it appeared that the mean age of patients with PVT compared to those without was greater in woman (71.9 +/- 5.9 versus 63.2 +/- 6.9 years, P = 0.024) and younger in men (58.8 +/- 8.9 versus 66.0 +/- 9.9 years, P = 0.007). When PVT was present, it was more likely that a definite diagnosis of HCC had been obtained before autopsy (P = 0.0001) and that death had been caused by bleeding complications (P = 0.007). Median survival times were similar, irrespective of the presence of PVT. During the natural history of HCC, PVT occurs in a substantial proportion of patients. Hormonal factors may have a permissive role in thrombus formation or neoplastic vascular invasion. Although in the presence of PVT a diagnosis of HCC is rarely missed and bleeding complications are likely to occur, patient survival does not seem to be significantly affected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Primary malignant tumors of the thyroid gland. Histology, age and sex distribution and pathologic correlations in 139 cases.

The classification proposed by Woolner et al. (1961, 1971) has been applied to 139 cases of primary malignant tumors of the thyroid gland diagnosed in one of the largest hospitals of Rome, Italy, over a period of 5 years, from 1977 to 1981. These cases come from 1418 patients with enlargement of the thyroid surgically treated at the 5th Surgical Clinic of the University of Rome. All the histologic slides were re-examined, and the pathology records were reevaluated. Of these tumors, 56.8% were papillary, 30.9% follicular, 9.3% anaplastic or undifferentiated, and 2.1% medullary. There was a female predominance in all age groups and for all types of tumors, reflecting a total female to male ratio of 1.9:1. Papillary carcinoma occurred most commonly in young and young-adult patients, follicular in the middle-age group, and anaplastic in the elderly. The extent of the primary tumor, the presence of regional metastases, and the association with other thyroid nonneoplastic diseases such as lymphocytic and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and nontoxic and toxic goiter were also recorded. Multicentric tumors were found in 38.9% of cases principally represented by papillary carcinomas. Regional lymph node metastases were observed mainly in young patients, and no correlation was found between thyroid cancer incidence and other nonneoplastic thyroid diseases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

The aging thyroid. I. A description of lesions and an analysis of their age and sex distribution.

Two types of follicular change in the thyroid are described. The first represents an involutional change in which colloid cysts (macrofollicles) are often found. The second represents a hyperplastic-dysplastic (microfollicular) lesion. Two types of change in calcitonin (C) cells are also described, one of which may represent an involutional process, although this is not certain. The second is a hyperplastic (micronodular) lesion, but without evidence of dysplasia. An infiltration of lymphocytes is also commonly encountered. Only about 15% of cases after age 60 are free of the follicular and lymphoid lesions. Both the macro- and microfollicular lesions show a statistically significant increase with age, as do the lymphoid lesion and its derivative Hashimoto's thyroiditis. C cell micronodules also appear to increase with age, but there are too few such cases for a reliable statistical analysis. An analysis of combinations of the follicular and lymphoid lesions show a particularly frequent association of the microfollicular and lymphoid lesions. Evidence is presented suggesting that many microfollicular lesions may represent clones of mutated cells, and that the lymphocytes may be targeted to these microfollicles. Lymphocytes were rarely found in association with C cell micronodules. Within individual thyroids there is considerable variation in the proportion of each lesion when combinations are present. Thus with advancing age there is an increasing heterogeneity of thyroid structure that may confound attempts to correlate structural and physiological changes with age.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Characteristics of 2278 patients visiting the Nihon University Hospital Taste Clinic over a 10-year period with special reference to age and sex distributions.

We investigated the incidence of taste disorders in 2278 patients (871 men, 1407 women) who visited our Taste and Smell Clinic during the 10-year period between 1981 and 1990. Although a higher proportion of our patients were women, there was a significant gender difference only in the proportion of women with mild symptoms; the proportions of men and women with moderate or severe taste disorders were not significantly different. We propose that the incidence of taste disorders is the same among men and women but that women with milder symptoms are more likely to seek treatment. The time from onset of symptoms to the first clinic visit lengthened with increasing patient age. The efficacy of treatment decreased with increasing patient age, regardless of the severity of taste disorder at the initial visit.

Adolescent↗