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Perceptual evaluation of tracheoesophageal speech by naive and experienced judges through the use of semantic differential scales.

The present study was conducted to investigate voice quality in tracheoesophageal speech by means of perceptual evaluations and to develop a clinically useful subset of perceptual scales sufficient for these perceptual evaluations. The perceptual ratings were obtained from both naive and trained raters (speech-language pathologists [SLPs]) after listening to a read-aloud text. The perceptual evaluations were performed by means of 19 semantic bipolar 7-point scales for the naive raters and 20 semantic bipolar 7-point scales for the trained raters. The trained raters were also asked to judge the overall voice quality as good, reasonable, or poor. Both naive listeners and trained SLPs were able to perform reliable perceptual judgments. Naive raters judged the tracheoesophageal voice as more deviant than the trained raters did. Naive raters made judgments based on 2 underlying perceptual dimensions (voice quality and pitch), whereas the trained raters made judgments based on 4 underlying perceptual dimensions (voice quality, tonicity, pitch, and tempo). These perceptual dimensions were further subdivided into a subset of 4 perceptual scales for the naive raters and a subset of 8 perceptual scales for the trained raters. This appeared to provide a sufficient coverage of the underlying perceptual dimensions used by the listeners.

Aged↗

Relationships among semantic differential change measures of splitting, self-fragmentation and object relations in borderline psychopathology.

This pilot study investigated associations among change measures in a sample of borderline patients participating in an intensive, group-oriented day treatment programme. Change scores over a four-month period were calculated from measures of splitting dynamics, self-perceptions, and experiences of interpersonal relationships. Correlations provided partial empirical support for the hypothesized associations among these variables. Findings suggested that as splitting decreased, patients developed a more benevolent, and more anaclitic, view of self-in-the-world.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗