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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Analysis of the Wuchereria bancrofti population in the people of American Samoa.

Recent interest in mathematical descriptions of the epidemiology of helminth parasites has prompted several attempts to obtain quantitative estimates of reproduction and survival at all stages in their life-histories. The availability of microfilarial counts, repeated on many people over 4(1/2) years, suggested that these estimates could be made for Wuchereria bancrofti. Important values that were calculated are the duration of patency for single infections (2(1/2) years), the maximum density of microfilariae achieved by 1 female (70/60 mm(3) of peripheral blood), the average output of larvae by a female during her lifetime (1.32x10(7)), the death rate of mated females (0.02-0.05 per month), the average load of reproducing female worms per blood-positive person (6.91 for men, 6.07 for women, 2.93 for children), and the average total load of worms in infected people (11.18 for men, 7.70 for women, 4.02 for children).The implications of the approach taken are important from the standpoints of epidemiology and control. The construction of a complete ecological life-table for the parasite is a distinct possibility. Life-tables from several areas differing in transmission rates should make it possible to predict the critical density of hosts, below which the parasite population should die out spontaneously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of methods for the detection of microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti in Western Samoa.

The 1 ml nuclepore filtration technique (NP method), 60 c.mm finger-prick or venous blood smear method and the counting chamber method were compared for their effectiveness in detecting microfilariae. The loss of microfilariae by the NP method was small enough to be disregarded. The 60 c.mm blood smear method was shown to be as efficient as the 60 c.mm NP method, when using finger-prick blood. The finger-prick blood contained 32% more microfilariae than venous blood when compared by the 60 c.mm blood smear method. Probably reflecting this difference of mf count between finger-prick and venous blood, 1 ml NP method using venous blood detected only 12.4 times more microfilariae than 60 c.mm NP method using finger-prick blood, despite the fact that the former requires 16.7 times more blood than the latter. No difference of mf count was shown between the 60 c.mm blood smear and 60 c.mm counting chamber methods, when using finger-prick blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Tropical pyomyositis of the iliacus muscle in American Samoa.

Ten cases of pyomyositis of the iliacus muscle are described in otherwise healthy young Samoans. The correct diagnosis was frequently delayed. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen isolated from drained abscesses. Preference for hip flexion was seen in six patients, and localized pain or induration at the anterior superior iliac spine were found in seven patients. These clues may help expedite a correct diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Meta-analysis of over 8,000 individuals from Hawai'i and Samoa for genetic associations to cardiometabolic phenotypes.

Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) now routinely reveal genetic associations and biological insights in millions of individuals, underrepresentation of global populations, such as those from Polynesia, continue to persist. These exclusions, often driven by logistical challenges and lack of data, prevent systematic identification of population-enriched associations, such as the association of the missense variant at the CREBRF locus to BMI and type 2 diabetes discovered commonly occurring in Polynesian populations due to its rarity in global populations. Armed with the recently updated TOPMed imputation panel that could benefit studies in diverse populations that previously had poorer imputation performance, we performed the first GWAS of Native Hawaiians and largest to date of Polynesian-ancestry populations (combined N up to 8,461) to identify population-enriched associations for 13 adiposity and cardiometabolic traits available across both cohorts: BMI, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HDL, height, hip circumference, HOMA-IR, LDL, T2D, total cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio. We found 25 trait-loci associations that met genome-wide significance: 20 previously reported or known associations and 5 associations newly confirmed via meta-analysis. In particular, with improved statistical power, we were able to confirm the suspected association between the missense CREBRF variant with fasting glucose levels. The remaining 4 potentially novel loci-trait associations for BMI, LDL, and waist-hip ratio, however, were not replicated in multi-ethnic datasets from All-of-Us despite having reasonable power to replicate. The lack of Polynesian-enriched findings outside of the CREBRF locus informs the bounds of the effect sizes or frequency of any enriched variants, and suggests that further expansion of cohort sizes from this region of the world and improved imputation references specific to these populations are needed to identify more population-enriched associations.

Journal Article↗