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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Hospitalization of farm workers with lesions of the nervous system].

The established rate of hospital admissions of 32.4 +/- 0.8 per 1000 farmers reflects with certain reliability the demand for inpatient care among working farmers with nervous diseases. The extension of the system of admissions to hospital under rural conditions serves as an effective measure of the control of work losses in agriculture.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Zoonotic helminths of dogs and cats at New Bussa, Kainji Lake area, Nigeria.

A survey of the dog and cat population at New Bussa revealed a significant high frequency of potential helminths of public health importance. This include hookworm Ancylostoma spp.; Echinococcus granulosa, Dipylidium caninum in dog; and Opisthorchis felineus, Toxocara cati and Capillaria hepatica in cat. The rural conditions of the area is an important factor in understanding the role cat and dog may play in spread of uncommon human parasites.

Ancylostoma↗
PubMed1998

[Myiasis in a skin tumor].

A case of myiasis of a cutaneous tumour, a melanoblastoma in the right axilla of an 87-year old woman is described. After two years of illness in the last months of life an attack of the tumour by larvae of the fly Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) was observed. This fly is the most frequent causal agent of tissue, cavity, ocular and urogenital human myiasis in Central Europe. Usually, injured or seriously ill patients are attacked by the larvae in urban as well as rural conditions. This is the first described case of myiasis located in a tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Prevalence of disabling conditions in a rural northern Thai community: a survey conducted by village health communicators.

This report presents a survey of disabling conditions conducted by village health communicators (VHCs) in 1989 in a rural northern Thai community. The disabled were first identified by a VHC and then examined clinically and socially by a health care team both to confirm the clinical diagnosis and to formulate an appropriate treatment plan. The overall prevalence rate of disabled persons was 6.3/1,000 population. The prevalence rate was higher for males than females and increased with age. Locomotor disability (48.8%) was the most commonly identified disabling condition, with visual disability (27.8%) the next most common. Communication disorders, mental retardation, and psychosis constituted the remaining 23.4%. Of the locomotor disabilities, the major disabling conditions were poliomyelitis, congenital malformations, traumatic amputations, and cerebral palsy. Unoperated cataract accounted for 72.0% of all cases with visual disabilities. While the true magnitude of the disability problem may be somewhat understated, the data reported in this study clearly reveal that there are many persons with untreated disabling conditions in rural communities, and that a significant number of them can benefit from medical treatment and rehabilitation. A survey utilizing VHCs may be helpful to identify the disabled in rural communities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Rural practice evaluation: how do rural physicians evaluate their working conditions?

Evaluating the quality of rural doctors' working conditions is essential for retaining physicians in rural areas. We carried out a trial to investigate those aspects of working conditions that are important to rural physicians and with which aspects they are satisfied or dissatisfied. Questionnaires were mailed to 204 doctors who were working in rural clinics in Japan. The professional conditions of rural clinic practices were classified into 17 items. The doctors were then asked to evaluate the importance of and degree of satisfaction with each item. Among the 17 items, the clinic's equipment, the municipal government's attitude and the base hospital were evaluated to be more important than the overall average. With regard to satisfaction, the distance to major cities, the municipal government's attitude and locum availability were rated significantly lower than that overall. There were some items where there was a discrepancy between the importance and the degree of satisfaction. Identifying these discrepancies may contribute to creating an environment that will raise the level of rural physicians' satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

An organized locum tenens service and the cost of free time for rural physicians.

Dissatisfaction with the conditions of rural practice perpetuates the geographic maldistribution of physicians. This study evaluates the economic productivity of physicians who participated in an organized locum tenens (LT) service that was designed to improve practice conditions for rural physicians by making time off more feasible and less costly. The productivity of LT physicians, expressed as their average daily billing, was compared with the amount charged to rural clinics for the LT service and with the revenue billed by the clinic physicians during the same month. The clinics were charged $375/$439/day, compared with $584/day billed by the clinic physicians (p less than 0.01). The revenue billed by 85 per cent of the LTs exceeded the amount charged for their services; the revenue billed during 80 per cent of the coverage episodes also exceeded the $375/day level. When LT billing was expressed as a percentage of clinic physician billing LT productivity was found to be significantly higher in solo practices, as compared with partnership practices (97 per cent vs. 73 per cent, p less than 0.01). Assuming that a physician's overhead remains constant when he leaves, the cost of leaving a practice with LT coverage was almost invariable less than the cost of leaving without coverage. The finding justifies cautious optimism about using LTs to increase free time and improve practice conditions for rural physicians.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1977

[Living conditions of the rural population in France. Situation in 1974 and evolution from 1967 to 1974 (author's transl)].

A survey of the living conditions of aged people in rural regions of France in 1974 and a comparison with the previous surveys of 1967/68 in 302 rural vallages are analysed. Of the 4,800 persons in 1967/68, by 1974 1,609 were dead (35%). After questioning the 2,191 living persons (1,275 farmers and 916 non farmers) an increased number of widowed people appeared in those 7 years. For men in 1967/68: 20%, now 28%; for women in 1967/68: 61%, now 72%. In the age group 75-79 three times more women lost their husbands than men lost their wives. 2/3 of the households remained identical, 1/5 became smaller, 1/8 increased. The comparison (excluding the dead persons) showed no significant differences in the health conditions. Detailed questions were asked regarding social relationships but it is very difficult to analyse the date due to the great number of dead persons. The difference between farmers (whose number decreases) and non farmers (whose number increases) is especially mentioned and specific problems are treated separately. In France ageing in rural areas is increasing rapidly: in 1968, 393 rural counties contained 20% of people aged 65 or more.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Autism and autistic-like conditions in Swedish rural and urban areas: a population study.

The total population of children under 10 years in one Swedish urban area and one rural area was screened for infantile autism (IA) and autistic-like conditions (AC). A total prevalence of 6.6 per 10 000 was found, which is somewhat higher than in previous similar studies of the same region. Infantile autism accounted for two-thirds of the cases. Boys far outnumbered girls, but this was entirely accounted for by the IA group. The preponderance of autistic boys was less pronounced among the severely mentally retarded children. Mental retardation was seen in almost 90% of cases and only one child had an IQ exceeding 100; clinical and laboratory signs of brain dysfunction were also found in a majority of cases. Distribution by social class was no different in either patient group from the general population.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1999

Causes and prevalence of non-vision impairing ocular conditions among a rural adult population in sw Uganda.

Information is scanty about the extent of ocular morbidity in developing countries, particularly for non-vision impairing conditions (NVIC), although these constitute the majority of consultations in eye clinics. We have conducted a survey to determine the prevalence and causes of NVIC in a Ugandan adult population and compared our findings with the work pattern of the district hospital. Adults were screened using Snellen's illiterate E chart and those found with visual impairment (acuity less than 6/18) in either eye were referred to a low-vision clinic, and those with obvious ocular disease or symptoms, but without visual impairment, to an outreach clinic. A total of 2886 (53%) out of 5479 adults were screened. Of these, 257 (8.9%) were referred to the outreach clinic, of whom 173 (67%) attended. Of those attending the low-vision clinic 83% had visual impairment confirmed, and 92% of those attending the outreach clinic were confirmed not to have visual impairment. The four commonest NVIC observed at the outreach clinic were: presbyopia (48%), allergic conjunctivitis (20%), early cataract (9%) and infective conjunctivitis (8%), the same conditions as those most commonly seen at the district hospital. In this community, over 80% of NVIC are caused by four conditions which are potentially either correctable, operable or treatable. Training health workers to recognise and treat these conditions would serve the great majority of eye patients. Hospital activity data can be used cautiously to assess the relative frequency of NVIC in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differences in the health and disease conditions in the rural and urban-suburban populations in Nuevo León state].

This work shows the results of two surveys taken in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico during 1985. The first survey, which covered morbidity and health service use, was taken from 759 households in urban/suburban Monterrey (a city of two million inhabitants and capital of the state of Nuevo León) and from 751 households from a stratified sample from the rest of the state. The second survey, which had to do with the different aspects of quality health services available, was given to 752 patients in 93 distinct health units in Monterrey and all over the state. The objectives of this publication are: 1) to describe the morbidity of the populations in question, as well as to describe the different aspects of the supply and demand of health services; 2) to compare the conditions of life reflected in the state of health between the rural and urban/suburban zones of Nuevo León. The results obtained show that those in the urban/suburban zones of Monterrey possess certain advantages over those in the rural areas in the state of Nuevo León such as: a higher level of schooling, lower emigration to the U.S.A., a lower fertility index, lower morbidity from severe illnesses and a lower death rate in children, wider coverage from health insurance, better communication between doctor and patient, more frequent use of health services, and greater participation in prevention programs. Rural area life has the following advantages: a lower number of cesarean sections, and a prolonged period of maternal suckling. In this work, we present the opinion that the primary health care currently centered in the urban zones, where the population is much greater, should not impair the required attention in the rural areas (areas that are more extensive and often unattended).

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Self-management of chronic conditions: implications for rural physicians of a demonstration project Down Under.

OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the outcomes achieved for clients of a demonstration project in self-management in one of Australia's most rural and remote states. METHODS: Client survey data obtained over a maximum of 18 months from 264 clients in 3 sites across Tasmania were analyzed using standard descriptive techniques. These data provided demographic information as well as client self-assessments of health and well-being, and health-related behaviours. Tests of significance were conducted on differences in client health data over a maximum of 4 data collection times. RESULTS: In relation to demographic factors, these data show low education, employment and income levels in an aged population. There were gender differences in project participation (many more females than males), and relatively low levels of completion of the self-management course by those who were not married and who were living with their families. Statistically significant improvements in health dimensions were obtained for those clients attending the self-management course (where p values <.0.05): in the areas of distress, symptoms and depression. Data also show significant declines over time in client ratings of exercise behaviours and cognitive self-management strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of barriers to self-management of chronic conditions (lack of formal education, age-related physical frailty, and poverty) are likely to be multiplied in areas showing a paucity of health professionals and related health infrastructure. The data for gender and living arrangements suggest the importance of tailoring self-management programs to meet the needs of specific community sub-groups. Declining ratings are one of the least explored areas of self-management research, yet they point to the importance of sustaining interventions in rural communities. Rural physicians apprised of the issues in implementing successful self-management programs in rural contexts can be an important resource for more isolated communities wanting to achieve workable programs with sustainable gains.

Chronic Disease↗