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PubMedDate not supplied

[Microphotometric research on roentgenograms of the alveolar processes in chronic gingivitis in children and adolescents].

Microphotometric examination of roentgenograms has shown a progressive reduction of mineral salt levels in alveolar process bone tissue in chronic, catarrhal, and hypertrophic gingivitis in children and adolescents. The authors recommend including calcium chloride magnetophoresis in multiple-modality treatment of chronic gingivitis patients. This treatment modality stimulates metabolic processes in the tissues at the expense of alternating magnetic field effect and attenuates the inflammatory reaction due to administration of calcium salts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Tibial plateau-fibular head distance of normal Japanese knees measured in lateral view of roentgenogram.

In total knee arthroplasty, the top of fibular head sometimes has to be resected simultaneously during cutting tibial plateau. Therefore, tibial plateau-fibular head distance was measured in the 244 normal knees of 125 Japanese volunteers (80 men, 45 women), with average age of 27 years ranging from 21 to 40 years. Tibial plateau-fibular head distance was measured using lateral view of knee roentgenogram. The average distance was 6.1 +/- 2.5 mm in men (range, -0.5 to 12.5 mm), and 4.7 +/- 2.6 mm in women (range, -2.5 to 12.0 mm), which was thinner than that of tibial component of conventional knee prosthesis (6-8 mm or over). The relatively high level of fibular head in Japanese may disturb proper positioning of tibial component and transmit load to tibial component in weight bearing, resulting in gradual medial tilting of the tibial component. Resection of either a tip of the fibular head or a segment of the shaft may solve this problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pediatric coin ingestion. A prospective study on the utility of routine roentgenograms.

It has been recommended that all children with a history of coin ingestion immediately undergo roentgenography to locate the coin, regardless of symptoms. We performed a prospective evaluation of these ingestions to determine the risk of asymptomatic esophageal impaction and the need for routine roentgenography. One hundred sixty-two children (mean +/- SD age, 3.6 +/- 2.1 years) were evaluated. All were referred for immediate roentgenography after ingestion and followed up daily by telephone for 5 days. Sixty-six patients (41%) did comply and 96 (59%) did not comply with the roentgenogram recommendation. A coin was visualized in the esophagus of 13 patients (20%); 11 were symptomatic and 2 were asymptomatic at the time of ingestion. Symptomatic patients had a 42% risk of a coin later being located in the esophagus compared with a 5% risk for asymptomatic patients. The asymptomatic patients with lodged coins passed them without difficulty after the administration of oral fluids. Nineteen percent of the patients who did not undergo roentgenography were symptomatic and all became asymptomatic within 24 hours of ingestion. There was no difference in morbidity between the group that underwent roentgenography and the group that did not undergo roentgenography at 5 days after ingestion. Children who are asymptomatic at the time of coin ingestion may not need routine roentgenography if they can tolerate oral fluids and telephone follow-up is available.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Use of oblique chest roentgenograms in detecting pleural disease in asbestos-exposed workers.

Oblique chest roentgenograms have been recommended by some for use in screening programs of asbestos-exposed workers to increase detection of pleural fibrosis not evident on posteroanterior (PA) films. As a screening test, identification of pleural abnormalities with oblique films is especially important in subjects without evidence of other asbestos-induced abnormalities on PA films, namely, parenchymal fibrosis. To evaluate the incremental value of oblique films in the identification of pleural fibrosis, a comparison was made between PA films read alone and PA films read with both oblique views in a systematic evaluation of 489 male pipefitters examined in a screening program. Analysis of the subsets of pipefitters with and without parenchymal fibrosis showed that 2.5% of workers with normal PA films (n = 326) and 13.0% of subjects with isolated parenchymal fibrosis on PA films (n = 46) had pleural fibrosis detectable only on oblique films. In only eight (1.6%) did the oblique view represent the sole evidence of an asbestos-related roentgenographic abnormality. We conclude that oblique films should not be routinely used in screening workers for evidence of asbestos-induced disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Axial roentgenogram of the acetabulum (author's transl)].

The authors report the technical skills and diagnostic values of axial roentgenograms of the acetabulum. This procedure usefully completes the traditional method of examination of the hip joint and it is more informative in many cases. The method is advised in the modern examination and treatment of acetabular fractures, whether isolated or complicated by traumatic hip dislocation. Apart from its application in traumatology, this special technique is valuable in orthopedics as well.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Device for high-frequency spatial filtering of roentgenogram images].

The paper describes a device for high-frequency spatial filtering roentgenogram images and its operation. Filtering is accomplished by projecting the diffuse image of the sharp positive on the negative. The device permits us to have three operational stages of image treatment: the image contrast equalization stage, the structure and contour standing out stage, and the distinct and indistinct contour differentiation stage.

Filtration↗
PubMed1985

The chest roentgenogram in pulmonary edema.

It has been shown that the chest roentgenogram is a sensitive and accurate pool for detecting and quantitating cardiogenic pulmonary edema. This can be done at the interstitial stage, when it cannot be detected by physical examination. At the same time the chest film can provide useful information about the circulating blood volume. In patients with the ARDS, a characteristic peripheral and patchy distribution of alveolar edema associated with an absence of peribronchial cuffing, septal lines and effusions has been shown. Enlargement of the right side of the heart and main pulmonary artery may precede actual development of edema in ARDS and provide the opportunity for early diagnosis. Radiographic "scoring" in cases of ARDS correlates well with PO2 (measured with an F1O2 = .21) standardized to a PCO2 of 40 mm Hg. The three main forms of lung edema (that is, cardiogenic, renal or overhydration, and injury edema) appear to have radiographic features that can be used to separate them. The accuracy and objectivity of this approach has been confirmed by taking the radiographic signs as input variables for discriminant analysis. Different hemodynamic conditions and changes of the extravascular protein osmotic forces may be the main factors underlying the radiographic patterns in the various types of pulmonary edema.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1986

Plain roentgenograms of the spine in the injured athlete.

The valued techniques and types of plain roentgenograms of the cervical spine and the lumbar spine in athletic injuries are discussed. A considerable number of injury types exist, as well as a large number of various roentgenographic views that the physician may order. In approaching the athlete with an injured spine, the physician depends on the length of symptoms, associated physical findings such as neurologic deficit, and clinical information available for both the cervical and lumbar spine injury.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1985

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with hemoptysis and nonlocalizing chest roentgenograms.

We reviewed retrospectively the records of 45 patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy for hemoptysis in whom chest roentgenograms either were normal or showed only nonlocalizing findings. Follow-up was available for up to three years. In none of the patients was evidence of malignant neoplasms found either at the time of the initial evaluation or at the time of follow-up. This was true for all age groups and for smokers as well as nonsmokers. We conclude that routine fiberoptic bronchoscopy for hemoptysis is not necessarily indicated in patients like ours. Indications for this procedure in this type of case should be carefully weighed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The chest roentgenogram in cystic fibrosis: a new scoring system.

A roentgenogram scoring system is presented that is useful in the evaluation and follow-up of patients with cystic fibrosis. The system has been shown to be reproducible by and between observers and to correlate significantly with results of pulmonary function tests, Shwachman-Kulczycki scores, and, in a short-term evaluation, morbidity.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Interpretation of chest roentgenograms of intensive care patients. A comparison of pathoanatomical and roentgenographic findings (author's transl)].

Chest roentgenograms made within 24 hours of death were compared to the autopsy findings. Out of 150 unselected autopsy records of the years 1973/74 and 1976/77 50 and 91 cases respectively were suitable for evaluation. Since 1973/74 the radiographic technique has been considerably changed by the introduction of powerful condenser discharge equipment and the use of highly intensifying screens. Daily discussions with the physicians in charge of the intensive care unit and routine comparison of the pathological and radiological findings were also introduced. The success of these measures is reflected in the greater diagnostic accuracy in respect of the case material for the 1976/77 period. Comparison of the findings in cases of pulmonary embolism exposed the limitation of diagnostic radiology.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[The chest roentgenogram during artificial respiration (author's transl)].

Chest roentgenography of artificially ventilated persons not only reveals morphological changes in the lungs but may also provide information regarding their pathogenesis and prognosis. To safeguard against misinterpretation of the findings they should be supplemented by blood gas analyses and function tests (e.g. effective compliance of the respiratory system). The chest roentgenogram also apprises of the development, and consequently of the need for treatment, of such complications as interstital emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Misinterpretation of chest roentgenogram in intensive care patients (author's transl)].

Misinterpretation of chest roentgenograms in intensive care patients can be largely obviated by a skilled technique and a thorough knowledge on the part of the radiologist of the structural changes in the lungs and their differential diagnostic significance. Correct interpretation is facilitated by relating the observed changes to the pathophysiological clinical findings.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Tubes, wires, and rods seen in chest roentgenograms.

Different devices are seen on chest roentgenograms everyday. The gamut of metallic density shadows include sutures, surgical clips, staples, cardiac valve prosthesis, wires, and plates. Tubes and catheters are recognized when metallic wires or barium are incorporated in their walls. The number of devices is ever growing and with them complications grow. The radiologist may be the first to detect these complications. This article endeavors to review briefly a small number of these devices and their complications. References are provided for the avid reader.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reproduction of the volume of biological objects by foreshortened roentgenograms].

The processing of a set of foreshortening roentgenograms by optico-holographic methods has been effected, its purpose being to obtain a three-dimensional image in a broad range of viewing angles. At the same time, the cross-sections of an object were synthetized by using an optical variant ofthe method providing for the synthesis of projecting functions and optical filtration of the synthetized image. The resolution power of the methods described is assessed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Neonatal pulmonary infarction. A cause of 'cystlike' lucencies on the chest roentgenogram.

Perinatal pulmonary infarction is a difficult and infrequently made diagnosis. A male newborn had infarction of most of the right lung secondary to perinatal pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Serial chest roentgenograms initially showed opacity of most of the right lung, followed by the appearance of well-defined radiolucencies resembling pneumatoceles associated with mass effect. By the 25th day of life the localized "cystlike" lucencies were no longer evident and the right lung appeared predominantly hyperlucent. Although the presence of underlying disease makes the diagnosis of PTE in the infant and young child difficult, the clinical features and methods of diagnosis of PTE in this age group are similar to those for the adult. The diagnosis of PTE should be considered in the infant with respiratory distress and unusual findings on chest roentgenography.

Cysts↗
PubMed1980

The clinical value of the upper gastrointestinal tract roentgenogram series.

We studied the role of the upper gastrointestinal tract roentgenogram series (UGI) in the care of 483 ambulatory patients with varied abdominal complaints. The test was significantly abnormal about 20% of the time, rarely led to changes in therapy, and was ordered inappropriately 30% of the time (according to criteria devised by experts). Regardless of their test results, most patients' symptoms improved in the several months after the test. We created a simple rule, based on the patient's history, that would have led to a decrease in the number of inappropriately ordered tests without significantly compromising care. This decision rule may help to improve the utilization of the UGI by identifying patients who are unlikely to benefit from the test.

Digestive System↗