Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Progression”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case report of progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia and a review of progressive erythrokeratodermia in Japan].

The patient is a 5-year-old boy. There was no family history of the similar skin eruptions. The erythema with scales appeared on his head, face and neck at 1 month of birth. The erythematous hyperkeratotic plaques spread symmetrically. There was no follicular components. The eruption was chronic and persistent. In histopathology, hyperkeratosis with focal parakeratosis, acanthosis and intact granular layer were observed. In electron microscopy, a large number of mitochondria that frequently appeared to be swollen and lipidlike vacuoles in corneocytes were observed. On account of the features, we diagnosed this case as progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia (PSE). PSE is a rare disease, and besides, it is difficult to define PSE because of contradictions in existing literatures, the variability of clinical expression and the lack of histologic, hereditary, and biochemical criteria. Nearly 70 cases were diagnosed as PSE and its variants in Japan i.e. 4 cases with PSE, 8 cases with progressive erythrokeratodermia, and 58 cases with Asahi-Ijiri disease and its variants. However, only 2 cases diagnosed as PSE and 4 cases nominated as others satisfied the recently established criteria by Ruiz-Maldonado, et al. In this paper, reported cases of PSE and its variants were reviewed and reassessed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

[Progressiveness of schizophrenia. II. The progressiveness of continuously proceeding forms of schizophrenia].

The study involved a clinical examination of 568 patients with continious forms of schizophrenia and different degrees of progression (from mild sluggish to malignant forms). The following stages of the diseases are differentiated: an initial one, a stage of the highest process activity, a stage of stabilization, reduction of the psychosis and formation of the terminal state. A thorough analysis of the cases demonstrated that even in a continuous development of schizophrenia, the progression of the process is limited in time. It was found that the more polymorphic and severe are the signs of the process in active phase, the less is the time taken by this phase. In compliance with varying duration of the active stages of the disease the age periods during which there ensue a stabilization of the malignant, sluggish and paranoid forms of schizophrenia are very diverse.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Progress report on chlorambucil therapy in postsplenectomy patients with progressive hairy cell leukemia.

Of eight patients with progressive hairy cell leukemia who were treated with daily doses of an alkylating agent (chlorambucil, 4 mg) for at least 6 mo, seven have had an objective response, as measured by improved blood counts. Two patients were pancytopenic and had almost total bone marrow replacement with hairy cells at the initiation of chemotherapy; approximatley 6 mo later, their blood counts and bone marrow had improved dramatically. The five other patients had the leukemic form of the disease, and all responded to therapy. It is important to identify postsplenectomy patients with progressive disease in order to initiate low-dose single-agent chemotherapy.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1996

PROGRESS--perindopril protection against recurrent stroke study: status in July 1996. PROGRESS Management Committee.

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of PROGRESS is to determine reliably the efficacy of lowering blood pressure for the prevention of stroke in patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. DESIGN: PROGRESS is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects on the incidence of stroke and other major cardiovascular events and dementia of treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril, alone or in combination with the diuretic indapamide. METHODS: The study population comprises 6000 normotensive or hypertensive patients with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack within the previous 5 years. The study is being conducted in over 160 centres in seven regions: Australia and New Zealand, The People's Republic of China, France and Belgium, Italy, Japan, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Computerized randomization to active treatment or placebo is performed by fax direct to Auckland, New Zealand. The primary study outcome is total stroke and secondary outcomes include fatal or non-fatal stroke, total major cardiovascular events and deaths, cognitive function and disability. Patients will be followed for a minimum of 4 years after randomization. RESULTS: By 16 July 1996, 162 local clinical centres had been registered across the seven regions, and 1682 patients, 49% with a history of hypertension, had been randomly assigned to receive active treatment or placebo, with 65% allocated to the combination of perindopril and indapamide or double placebo, and 35% to perindopril alone or single placebo. Three months after randomization, the blood pressure difference between the treatment and control groups among the first 182 patients randomized was 11.9 mmHg (systolic) and 3.9 mmHg (diastolic). Six strokes and two non-stroke cardiovascular deaths have been recorded after a total of 3174 patient-months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Observations made so far confirm that full recruitment into the study is feasible and that treatment with perindopril and indapamide is well tolerated in the study population. The blood pressure differences between control and treatment groups recorded so far suggest that the study should have the power to achieve its primary objectives, provided compliance with treatment is satisfactory and 6000 patients are successfully recruited and followed for 4-5 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

From slowly progressive amnesic syndrome to rapidly progressive Alzheimer disease.

A 57-year-old woman had a neuropsychologically documented 5-year history of a slowly progressive amnesic syndrome followed by a 1-year history of rapidly progressive dementia. There was no family history of dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging failed to show a structural basis, electroencephalography failed to show changes of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and cerebrospinal fluid examination was normal. A diagnosis of Alzheimer disease was confirmed by brain biopsy. The abrupt change in disease course was unique but suggested probable overlap between posited subtypes of Alzheimer disease.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1994

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with other inherited immunodeficiency states.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in association with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, an X-linked recessive disorder with impairment of both cellular and humoral immunity. DESIGN: A detailed analysis of this patient's clinical illness, immunologic factors, neuroradiographic findings, and brain histopathologic conditions was undertaken. The medical literature on PML complicating congenital immunodeficient states was also reviewed. SETTING: A 1500-bed, university-affiliated, public health hospital. PATIENT: A 15-year-old boy with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. His neurologic illness was heralded by dysarthria and right-sided weakness and the diagnosis was established by brain biopsy specimen. Survival from the time of onset of PML was 10 months. CONCLUSION: Although PML typically occurs in the setting of severe acquired cellular immunodeficiency, often as a consequence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, organ transplantation, and leukemia and lymphoma, it may rarely accompany inherited immunodeficiency syndromes. The reported childhood cases of PML include three patients, aged 5, 11, and 18 years, with other inherited immunodeficiency syndromes. This patient represents the first time (to our knowledge) that PML has been reported to occur in association with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Progressive supranuclear palsy: extensive neuropil threads in addition to neurofibrillary tangles. Very similar antigenicity of subcortical neuronal pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy and Alzheimer's disease.

Light microscopic immunohistochemical investigations were performed on neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in four histologically confirmed cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in five patients with a progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The antibody panel included antisera to the neuronal microtubule-associated protein, tau, and to isolated paired helical filaments (PHF), as well as mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to phosphorylated epitopes on high and medium molecular weight neurofilament subunits (RT97 and BF10, respectively). Paraffin sections were also impregnated with the Gallyas silver method, which specifically stains tangles and cortical neuropil threads in AD, but does not stain normal neurofilaments. All tangles in PSP and AD showed consistent immunostaining with antibodies to tau protein and isolated PHF, regardless of their localization. MAbs RT97 and BF10, however, did not stain or only weakly stained, subcortical tangles in PSP and AD, whereas most cortical NFT in AD were intensely immunostained. All tangles in PSP were as heavily impregnated with Gallyas as they were in AD. Furthermore there were extensive networks of Gallyas-positive, tau- and PHF-immunoreactive neurites in subcortical gray areas containing NFT, and bundles of positive axons in white matter tracts interconnecting subcortical nuclei of PSP. Our studies indicate a much more extensive disruption of fibrillar proteins in PSP subcortical neurons than previously reported. They furthermore indicate a very similar antigenic profile of NFT in PSP and AD, as far as subcortical neurons are concerned.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

PROGRESS (Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study): regional characteristics of the study population at baseline. PROGRESS Management Committee.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-based blood pressure lowering regimen on the risk of stroke among patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. Secondary aims include investigation of the effects of treatment on other cardiovascular events, dementia, and disability. DESIGN AND METHODS: PROGRESS (Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial being conducted in 172 centres in 10 countries (Australia, Belgium, China, France, Italy, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with the ACE inhibitor perindopril (and the diuretic indapamide for those with no definite indication for or contraindication to treatment with a diuretic) or matching placebo(s). Both hypertensive and normotensive patients were eligible for inclusion. Follow-up is scheduled for completion in 2001. RESULTS: Of 6105 patients randomly allocated to study groups on completion of recruitment in November 1997, 1110 were recruited from Australia and New Zealand, 1520 from China, 713 from France and Belgium, 557 from Italy, 815 from Japan, 675 from Sweden, and 715 from the UK and Ireland. Regional differences in the baseline characteristics included a greater rate of diabetes, lacunar infarction, and cerebral haemorrhage in patients from China and Japan, and a more frequent history of myocardial infarction in Australia and New Zealand. Previous treatment with calcium antagonists was very frequent in Japan and China, whereas diuretic treatment was most often documented in the UK and Ireland. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of baseline characteristics of patients recruited from seven distinct geographic regions revealed some interesting differences, but more striking was the consistency of characteristics of patients recruited from many different countries across the world.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Cholestatic liver diseases: slow progress in understanding and treating slowly progressive disorders.

BACKGROUND: Cholestatic liver diseases are characterized by failure of normal amounts of physiological bile to reach the gastrointestinal tract. Any interference with normal bile flow from the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte to the distal common bile duct may result in cholestasis. METHODS: Literature review. RESULTS: In primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), the small intrahepatic bile ducts are destructed, resulting in obstruction of intrahepatic bile flow, whereas extrahepatic and/or intrahepatic biliary strictures block the passage of bile towards the intestine in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). In contrast, the biliary tree is morphologically unaffected in less common cholestatic liver diseases as benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) and progressive familiar intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC1-4). Genetic defects in hepatic canalicular transport mechanisms and bile salt synthesis deficiencies seem to underlie these types of cholestatic disorders. CONCLUSION: Recent advances in understanding and treatment of cholestatic liver diseases may help in better diagnosing and treating the various conditions characterized by cholestasis.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting the conformation of proteins from sequences. Progress and future progress.

Recent progress in structure prediction has allowed bona fide predictions, those made and published before an experimental structure is determined, to be remarkably accurate. The most successful methods rely on an analysis of patterns of conservation and variation within homologous protein sequences, extract tertiary structural information before secondary structure is predicted, and avoid 'three state per residue scores' as a tool for evaluating a prediction, focusing instead on efforts to understand why a prediction is successful when it is successful, and why it fails when it fails.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Measuring progression and regression of coronary atherosclerosis in clinical trials: problems and progress.

Interventions that may influence the evolution of coronary atherosclerosis can be evaluated more rapidly and efficiently in clinical trials with angiographic endpoints as opposed to using coronary events as endpoints. Quantitative coronary arteriography provides precise and reproducible measurements of coronary artery dimensions for this purpose. The variability of 2 quantitative systems was assessed in 54 lesions under 4 different conditions: same film, same frame; same film, same view; different frame; same view from different films obtained within one month; and same view from different films obtained one to 6 months apart. With the Cardiovascular Angiographic Analysis System (CAAS), variability of repeat measurement of minimum diameter, expressed as 1 standard deviation of the mean, increased from 0.088 mm (same frame) to 0.197 mm (films 1 to 6 months apart) as conditions decreased from optimal to those encountered in clinical studies. With the Cardiovascular Measurement System (CMS), 1 standard deviation for repeat measurements of minimum diameter increased from 0.087 mm (same frame to 0.240 mm (films one to 6 months apart). The differences between the two systems for measurements of minimum diameter were not statistically significant and CMS tracked the arterial edge more meticulously than did CAAS. A change in minimum diameter greater than or equal to 0.4 mm for CAAS or greater than or equal to 0.48 mm for CMS is more than 2 standard deviations of the mid-term variability and therefore represents a true change, either progression or regression, with greater than 95% probability. Quantitative coronary arteriography is an essential tool in clinical trials to assess the effect of an intervention upon the evolution of coronary atherosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1993

Effect of cholesterol reduction by simvastatin on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: Design, baseline characteristics, and progress of the Multicenter Anti-Atheroma Study (MAAS).

The Multicenter Anti-Atheroma Study (MAAS) is a 2 + 2-year, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on progression and regression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with established coronary artery disease. This paper describes the aims, methodology, and baseline data. Patients with at least two coronary segments visibly involved with atherosclerosis, in whom an angiogram was carried out according to the standards required for quantitative analysis, were selected provided that the serum total cholesterol was between 5.5 and 8.0 mmol/L and fasting triglycerides were lower than 4 mmol/L. Between march 1988 and October 1989, 383 eligible patients of both sexes aged 30-67 years were randomized in 11 European clinics. Patients received either 20 mg oral simvastatin or placebo daily for 2 years in addition to dietary counseling. The primary outcome measures are the change in the mean absolute width and in the mean of the minimal width of segments analyzed quantitatively by coronary angiography performed before and after 2 and 4 years of trial medication. To this end, at least 5 coronary artery segments are analyzed in each angiogram using matched view. The 2-year analysis was completed on 89% of eligible patients in February 1992. The trial was initially designed with a 2-year treatment period. To allow for the possibility to extend this, the decision was taken to keep all patients on the original medication allocation until all 2-year angiograms had been analyzed. Based on a predefined decision rule, an independent committee then recommended extension of treatment with another 2 years, to be concluded by a third angiogram. Of the patients enrolled initially, 81% continued. Four-year follow-up will be completed late 1993 and final results are expected mid 1994.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Is the progress zone model a victim of progress?

The prevailing view has long been that mesenchymal cells at the apex of the vertebrate limb bud proliferate in a progress zone (PZ) under the influence of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). According to the PZ model, proximodistal cell fates are specified according to the time spent in the PZ. New results, considered along with some earlier findings, fail to support this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Penicillamine-induced rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis: successful treatment of two patients and a review of the literature.

Although D-penicillamine has been used effectively in the management of a variety of diseases such as cystinuria, Wilson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and progressive systemic sclerosis, several toxic drug reactions have been observed with prolonged administration of this agent. One of the most serious side effects is the renal changes that occur following several months of use. We now report two patients with scleroderma who developed serologic evidence of lupus and crescentic glomerulonephritis during treatment with D-penicillamine. Both patients responded to pulse methylprednisolone and subsequent daily steroids. We also review the current information available on the variety of penicillamine nephropathies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl-2) encodes a protein kinase involved in the progression of rodent T-cell lymphomas and in T-cell activation.

The Tpl-2 locus, cloned by provirus tagging from one of three sublines of the Moloney leukemia virus-induced rat thymoma 2769, defines a gene encoding a protein kinase associated with progression in 22.5% of the tumors. Tpl-2 is expressed primarily in spleen, thymus, liver, and lung. Provirus integration occurs in the last intron of the gene, leading to the expression of a truncated mRNA that terminates in the proviral long terminal repeat and encodes a protein with an altered C-terminal domain. Strong evidence that this genetic change confers growth advantage to affected cell clones was provided by the finding that, during cultivation of all three sublines derived from tumor 2769, cells were selected that harbored independent provirus insertions in the Tpl-2 locus. Exposure of normal rat spleen cells to Con A induces the expression of enhanced levels of Tpl-2 within the first 60 min from the time of exposure suggesting that, in normal splenocytes, Tpl-2 may be involved in the transition from a quiescent to the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

RAGE- and TGF-beta receptor-mediated signals converge on STAT5 and p21waf to control cell-cycle progression of mesangial cells: a possible role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.

The molecular events associated with acute and chronic exposure of mesangial cells (MC) to hyperglycemia were evaluated. We found that, unlike high glucose (HG) and Amadori adducts, advanced glycation end products (AGE) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) induced p21waf expression and accumulation of MC in G0/G1. TGF-beta1 blockade inhibited AGE-mediated collagen production but only partially affected AGE-induced p21waf expression and cell-cycle events, indicating that AGE by binding to AGE receptor (RAGE) per se could control MC growth. Moreover, AGE and TGF-beta treatment led to the activation of the signal transduction and activators of transcription (STAT)5 and the formation of a STAT5/p21SIE2 complex. The role of STAT5 in AGE- and TGF-beta-mediated p21waf expression and growth arrest, but not collagen production, was confirmed by the expression of the dominant negative STAT5 (DeltaSTAT5) or the constitutively activated STAT5 (1*6-STAT5) constructs. Finally, in p21waf-/- fibroblasts both AGE and TGF-beta failed to inhibit cell-cycle progression. A potential in vivo role of these mechanisms was sustained by the increasing immunoreactivity for the activated STAT5 and p21(waf) in kidney biopsies from early to advanced stage of diabetic nephropathy. Our data indicate that AGE- and TGF-beta-mediated signals, by converging on STAT5 activation and p21waf expression, may regulate MC growth.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed2000

HIV/AIDS among African Americans: progress or progression?

OBJECTIVES: To review data on the extent of HIV infection and associated risk behaviors, the occurrence of AIDS, and HIV-related mortality in African Americans and to suggest what can be done to reduce HIV exposure and infection in this population. DESIGN/METHODS: Review of epidemiologic, published, multisite data on HIV infection in, and related behaviors of, African Americans. RESULTS: On every epidemiologic measure in common use, African Americans, compared with the four other federally recognized racial/ethnic groups, have the most severe epidemic. The trend data show continuing growth in the African American epidemic despite the availability of effective behavioral interventions and biomedical treatments. Few published intervention studies with African American populations have been adequately evaluated; nor have they focused proportionately on men who have sex with men, a group in the African American community with continuing high rates of infection. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of HIV transmission and disease among African Americans are high, disproportionate, and are not declining as significantly in response to effective interventions as they are among whites. Attention is urgently needed to increase our understanding of risk behaviors, social networks, and specific factors in the African American community that can be altered to reduce HIV infection. Macroenvironmental factors--poverty, social class, racism--need to be studied to suggest possible intervention components to reduce rates of HIV transmission and to increase the use of therapies that are more effectively slowing disease progression and lowering death rates among whites.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗