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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Effects of tiprenolol, practolol and propranolol on experimental ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

1 Low doses of tiprenolol (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) and propranolol (0.05 mg/kg) abolished the ventricular arrhythmias produced by the intravenous injection of adrenaline in anaesthetized dogs respired with halothane.2 Larger doses of tiprenolol (2.0-4.0 mg/kg) restored sinus rhythm in four of five dogs with ventricular tachycardia produced by toxic doses of ouabain. Propranolol (2.0-4.0 mg/kg) had the same effect in each of four dogs.3 Both tiprenolol (4.0-8.0 mg/kg) and propranolol (4.0 mg/kg) increased the frequency of sinus beats and reduced the ventricular rate in dogs with ventricular tachycardia 20-44 h after ligation of a coronary artery.4 Practolol (0.5-16.0 mg/kg) did not reduce the ventricular rate or increase the frequency of sinus beats in dogs with ventricular tachycardia after ligation of a coronary artery.5 In dogs with ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardia mean arterial pressure was reduced after the administration of tiprenolol (0.5-8.0 mg/kg) or propranolol (4.0-8.0 mg/kg). Depression of sinus and atrioventricular nodal function, and of intraventricular conduction developed in some of the dogs given tiprenolol (4-8 mg/kg) or propranolol (8.0 mg/kg).6 The administration of tiprenolol (1.0-8.0 mg/kg) or propranolol (4.0-8.0 mg/kg) depressed the arterial pressure and caused the deaths of some dogs in which a coronary artery had been ligated. Such deaths did not occur in the group which had been given toxic doses of ouabain.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1975

The psoriasiform eruption induced by practolol.

Three patients who developed a psoriasiform skin eruption following oral practolol administration are described with particular attention to the cutaneous histological changes. Although the clinical picture resembled psoriasis, the histological one did not, resembling rather that seen in a drug eruption. The possibility of an early lymphoma could not be excluded on purely histological grounds.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Practolol and ocular toxicity. Antibodies in serum and tears.

Serological studies in 22 patients presenting with ocular disease attributable to dosage with the beta-blocking agent practolol revealed a raised incidence of antinuclear antibodies. There was also a marginal increase in the incidence of antibodies to smooth muscle in the more severely affected individuals but the incidence of ther autoantibodies and levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM were within normal limits. Semi-quantitative analysis of tears from 14 of the patients showed absence or near absence in the more severely affected patients of secretory IgA, which is indicative of damage to the lacrimal gland. Other immunological parameters in the tears were normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Untoward effects associated with practolol administration: oculomucocutaneous syndrome.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, conjunctival scarring, fibrosis, metaplasia, and shrinkage developed in 27 patients as an adverse reaction to practolol. Rashes, nasal and mucosal ulceration, fibrous or plastic peritonitis, pleurisy, cochlear damage, and secretory otitis media also occurred in some cases. Three patients suffered profound visual loss though most retained good vision. Symptoms and signs improved on withdrawal of the drug, but reduction of tear secretion persisted in most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Sclerosing peritonitis due to practolol.

Six patients developed intestinal obstruction from sclerosing peritonitis due to practolol. Complete surgical removal of the abnormal membrane appears to be necessary.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1974

Cutaneous and ocular reactions to practolol.

A total of 21 patients suffering from drug-induced rashes from practolol have been seen over the past two years. The clinical manifestations varied, with the morphological appearances of the rash resembling those of eczema, lupus erythematosus, lichen planus, and a highly characteristic toxic erythematous psoriasiform eruption. Persistent ocular damage was a feature in three cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Relief of sever left ventricular outflow obstruction in a case of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy treated with practolol.

The clinical and haemodynamic findings in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and severe left ventricular outflow obstruction are presented. Treatment with an increasing dose of orally administered practolol up to a maximum of 1200 mg a day, resulted in symptomatic improvement, and abolition of the resting gradient when the patient was recatheterized six months later.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Sclerosing peritonitis after practolol administration.

We have recently managed two patients with sclerosing peritonitis who had undergone a course of practolol but had ceased taking it some months prior to presentation. Publication of these cases will help to assess the extent of this complication and will increase awareness amongst surgeons who may be called upon to treat such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

The effects of l-propranolol and practolol on atrial and nodal transmembrane potentials.

Effects of l-propranolol, racemic propranolol and practolol have been determined on transmembrane potentials recorded in guinea-pig left atrium and in sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes of the rabbit heart. In addition to the voltage -time recording of the action potential, its first time derivative was displayed as a function of membrane voltage, forming a phase-plane trajectory. A number of parameters of the action potential were determined from this trajectory. At the concentrations used the beta adrenoceptor blocking agents reduced the maximum rate of rise of the atrial action potential and slowed repolarization. The velocity of the propagated spike was reduced, and the maximum ionic conductance was also reduced. The excitation potential of the propagated spike was unaffected. The membrane effects were markedly dependent on the frequency of stimulation. The beta adrenoceptor blocking agents were without effect on either the sinoatrial or atrioventricular nodes. Since the spontaneously active right atrium beats more slowly than the heart of the intact rabbit, the atrioventricular node was electrically stimulated at 5 to 6 Hz. Neither drug affected the ability of the node to follow these stimulation frequencies. The importance of these effects in the control of cardiac arrhythmias is discussed.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Practolol and the safety of other beta blockers.

Recognition of the "occulomucocutaneous syndrome" related to practolol administration has caused the safety of other beta-blocking agents to come under close scrutiny. No satisfactory means of screening for at-risk patients is available. ANF estimation, has considerable limitations as both a screening and a diagnostic procedure. Patients with skin lesions alone may not be positive, while even advanced cases often show very low titres. There are important technical difficulties with the assay and interpretation of results is hindered by an increase in incidence of the antibody with age, in females, and in patients on a wide variety of other therapeutic agents.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Cutaneous reactions to practolol. Clinical and histopathological study.

In twelve patients with cutaneous reactions to practolol the clinical appearance of the rash was variable, including eczematous, exanthematous, lichenoid, and psoriasiform eruptions, and one exfoliative dermatitis. The development of the rash and its reappearance after oral challenge were slow. But histological findings were almost identical and were not those of any other drug eruption. Vacuolated and dyskeratotic epidermal cells and mild disorganization with extra mitoses of the epidermal cells were seen.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of practolol and atenolol on the lysosomal enzyme activity of the ventricular myocardium of rats].

The influence of cardioselective beta-blockers, practolol and atenolol, on acid phosphatase, acid deoxyribonuclease, cathepsin D, beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase activities was studied in homogenates of intact rat ventricular myocardium. In the presence of drugs (1 x 10(-9)-1 x 10(-5) M) the activities of acid phosphatase, cathepsin D, beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase tended to diminish but the activity of acid deoxyribonuclease tended to increase. Some differences in the influence of drugs on the enzyme activities were removed by prolongation of preincubation of homogenates with drugs. It is supposed that the mechanism of influence of beta-blockers on lysosomes of the intact rat ventricular myocardium in conditions of this study includes the specific drug binding to beta-adrenergic receptors situated on lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Practolol peritonitis with autopsy findings.

This case of practolol peritonitis was the first recognised in Australasia and fifth in the world series. At post mortem there was some indefinite indication that, in time and after withdrawal of the drug, the lesion slowly resolves.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Bivalent ligand type beta-adrenolytics related to practolol.

The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a number of symmetrical bivalent ligand type beta-adrenolytics related to practolol are reported. The best results have been observed with N,N'-bis[3-[2-hydroxy-3-[1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]phenyl] ethanediamide.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

An apparent preferential antagonism by practolol of the positive inotropic responses of guinea-pig isolated atria to isoprenaline.

The positive inotropic response of guinea-pig isolated atria to isoprenaline was antagonized to a greater extent than the positive chronotropic response, when measured at 38 degrees C as the reduction of the responses to a single concentration of isoprenaline. This method avoided increasing the the concentration of agonist in the presence of practolol and any difference in the proportion metabolized affecting the blockade. This observation was substantiated from the vertical displacement of dose-response curves from four concentrations of isoprenaline added sequentially. No difference between the antagonism of rate and tension was obtained when the antagonism was measured as the horizontal displacement of complete dose-response curves constructed sequentially or cumulatively. The resultant pA2 values from cumulative dose-response curves were identical, indicating that the beta-adrenoceptors subserving these responses are the same. The rate and tension curves were not, however, superimposable; rate lay to the left. By lowering the bath temperature to 30 degrees C they were brought together and the selective antagonism was no longer observed. This phenomenon was therefore attributed to the separation of rate and tension curves at 38 degrees C, the selected concentration of isoprenaline occupying different positions on these curves.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Hypotensive effects of practolol and atenolol after blood-brain barrier lesion in normotensive and hypertensive rats].

Practolol (15 mg/kg i.c.) and atenolol (3 mg/kg i.v.) induced in rats hypotensive effects different from one group to another. However these hypotensive effects were always more important in hypertensive than in normotensive animals. IN Okamoto rats, hypotensive effect of atenolol increased with the age of the animals. In normotensive rats, atenolol had no effect whatever the animal age. Evans blue injected by intracarotid route in normotensive and hypertensive rats showed an increased permeability in Okamoto rats blood-brain barrier. After lesion of blood-brain barrier by intracarotid injected cetrimonium, hypotensive effect of the two beta-blocking drugs appeared in both normotensive and hypertensive rats, with a greater degree than in control rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[An experimental study on canine A-V junctional pacemaker--evaluation of the automaticity by overdrive suppression and autonomic blockade by practolol and atropine].

1. The automaticity of the A-V junction was evaluated in 15 awake dogs with experimentally induced A-V junctional rhythm. 2. The spontaneous heart rate of these dogs ranged from 54 to 112 beats a minute, showing about 1.5-2.5 times slower than that of control dogs with sinus rhythm. The duration of asystole after overdrive in these dogs prolonged significantly in accordance with an increase in the frequency of stimulation for overdrive, and its mean +/- SD attained 4.7 +/- 1.1 seconds after overdrive at a rate of 2.5 times the spontaneous heart rate. 3. By administration of atropine (0.04 mg/kg, i.v.) to 8 dogs, the duration of asystole after overdrive, at a rate of 1.5 times the spontaneous heart rate, decreased from 2.6 +/- 0.8 to 1.5 +/- 0.4 seconds. By administration of practolol (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) to 7 other dogs, the duration of asystole after overdrive increased from 3.0 +/- 1.1 to 6.4 +/- 2.2 seconds. 4. It should be suggested that, (1) about 5 seconds of asystole might physiologically occur before the initiation of the A-V junctional escape beat during the long-standing sinus arrest, and (2) the sympathetic nerve might play a more important role in regulating the automaticity of the A-V junction than the vagus nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Sclerosing peritonitis and practolol therapy.

The case is described of a patient who presented with the characteristic symptoms and signs of sclerosing peritonitis due to practolol therapy. The clinical features, operative findings, and management are discussed.

Aged↗